1 . PRACTITIONERS

Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.	James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.	Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.

1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?

A．Doing teaching jobs.	B．Being hired as physicians.
C．Performing surgery.	D．Being banned from medicine.

2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?

A．She wrote a book.	B．She went through trials.
C．She worked as a dentist.	D．She had formal education.

3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?

A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania.	B．Tan Yunxian.
C．James Barry.	D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler.

2 . By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare  time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”

Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside   the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.

“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music   when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.

Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.

But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”

Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to   help her out on stage.

“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”

1. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?

A．Read music.	B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs.	D．Fix the instruments.

2. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?

A．Boring.	B．Well-paid.
C．Demanding.	D．Dangerous.

3. What does Titterton need to practise?

A．Counting the pages.	B．Recognizing the “nodding”.
C．Catching falling objects.	D．Performing in his own style.

4. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”?

A．He has very poor eyesight.	B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music.	D．He forgets to do his job.

3 . Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.

In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.

How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer”, says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.

Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work,” he says. “Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work.”

1. What does Ellen Langer’s study show?

A．It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist	B．Translation makes people knowledgeable.
C．Simpler jobs require greater caution.	D．Moderate effort produces the best result.

2. The underlined word “go-getter” in paragraph 3 refers to someone Who_______.

A．is good at handling pressure	B．works hard to become successful
C．a has a natural talent for his job.	D．gets on well with his co-workers

3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．A good thinker is able to inspire other people.

B．Experience unrelated to your job is useless.

C．A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind.

D．Focusing on what you do raises productivity.

4. What does the text seem to advocate?

A．Middle-of-the-road work habits.	B．Balance between work and family.
C．Long-standing cultural traditions.	D．Harmony in the work environment.

5 . My students frequently ask me how I planned out my career to become president of Fidelity Investments. I always tell them, “There was no grand plan; I backed into my career one step at a time.” In this tough economy and ever-changing world, it is more important than ever to smartly evaluate each step in your career. To prepare for whatever surprises lie ahead, try to make choices today that will maximize your options in the future.     1    

Gaining transferable (可转移的) knowledge begins with the choices you make at school. You want your education to provide you with the necessary skills and expertise to succeed in a wide variety of jobs.     2     I favor those that involve extensive writing, rigorous analysis, or quantitative skills.

Once you have finished your formal education, search for jobs that will allow you to further expand your transferable knowledge—to help you find your next job. Let’s say you take a job putting together airplane leases. Within a few years, you could become the world’s expert on the subject.     3     By contrast, if you take a job that will expand your computer programming skills, you can greatly boost your options for later steps in your career.

Remember gaining transferable knowledge is only one piece of the puzzle.     4     As a saying goes, “Organizations don’t hire people. People hire people.” The more people you know, the more people will think of you when a job pops open—even when it is not publicly advertised.

Of course, you can build your network to some degree without changing jobs.     5     But this sort of event-driven networking pales in comparison with the deep bonds you can develop with your colleagues by working, communicating, and traveling with them.

A．You can make yourself more attractive.

B．Gain transferable expertise and form close bonds with your colleagues.

C．Your next step should help you expand your web of personal relationships.

D．This later helped me evaluate and start business units throughout the world.

E．You can attend conferences or participate in committees at trade associations.

F．This means that you need to make smart choices about the courses you will follow.

G．However, this narrow expertise probably won’t help you in any other line of work.

7 . Work from Anywhere Movement

For a lot of us, working from wherever we wanted was a bit of a dream. It would mean we’d be able to visit family and not take holiday days. But suddenly that “dream” of not working in the office became a reality for many. Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together and there is more flexibility.     1    

An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. With a widespread workforce, there’s no need to have an office big enough for everyone. They also save on travel costs, as meetings that once “needed” to be done face-to-face can now be done online.     2     With the work from anywhere movement, employers can hire global talents. They’re not restricted to people living nearby.

    3     In an ever changing and developing working world, offering benefits like this could be what makes a company stand out from another for a specific candidate.

For many employees, working from anywhere supports mental health.     4     Imagine ending a particularly stressful meeting. Rather than going back to your office desk, you step out your door and have a coffee in the sun or walk along a beach. In Addition, working from anywhere allows you to have a better work-life balance. It lets you travel to see family, watch your daughter’s soccer game, and go to the little bakery—all while being paid.     5    

A．But it’s not only about money.

B．However, every coin has two sides.

C．It decreases stress and other concerns.

D．Your time is spent on the things that matter.

E．There are a lot of benefits for companies and workers.

F．Offering remote job positions makes a company more competitive.

G．Offices are increasingly where you go to put the company into company.

8 . This year, hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy, the world’s most remote post office. The ________ is in Antarctica, and one of the key ________ is the ability to count penguins(企鹅).

Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust ________ four postmen to live on the island from November to March. Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office, it ________ as a museum. Although employees each have unique ________ , they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the ________ place and caring for the thousands of tourists. The staff is also ________ environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring.

Applicants are warned there’s not much time for relaxation and rest. Still, the job is highly ________. The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications ________ for the position. They are mainly ________ to Port Lockroy, both for its history and its scientific significance. Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2019-2020 season. It was a real ________ for her. “Even though the job can be hard at times, there’s a real sense of community. You’ve got to ________ , because you can’t get away from each other very easily. I really love that sort of ________,” she said. “And what you can achieve here is ________. The total experience offers both a different ________ towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet. ”

1.

A．centre

B．position

C．aim

D．unit

2.

A．requirements

B．characteristics

C．virtues

D．activities

3.

A．persuades

B．instructs

C．encourages

D．hires

4.

A．exists

B．transforms

C．doubles

D．develops

5.

A．tastes

B．talents

C．roles

D．backgrounds

6.

A．temporary

B．historic

C．grand

D．magical

7.

A．in favor of

B．in need of

C．in possession of

D．in charge of

8.

A．paid

B．sought-after

C．hard-won

D．respectable

9.

A．annually

B．weekly

C．monthly

D．daily

10.

A．invited

B．devoted

C．related

D．drawn

11.

A．joy

B．lesson

C．effort

D．shock

12.

A．get along

B．show off

C．break through

D．give in

13.

A．loneliness

B．eagerness

C．looseness

D．togetherness

14.

A．consistent

B．rewarding

C．potential

D．pure

15.

A．entrance

B．answer

C．attitude

D．introduction

10 . The topic “slash youth”,   referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers, has fueled heated debate on social media. On Douban, a Chinese social networking platform, the topic has attracted about 11,000posts and has been viewed over 400 million times. China’s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online, presenting themselves as multiple and sometimes distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up comedian, and an engineer and musician.

Xing Eryang, a 31-year-old female resident in Beijing, founded the Douban topic in 2021.While staying diligent about her daytime work, she is developing her hobbies, including stand-up comedy and vlogging, into secondary careers during her spare time. And she is amazed to find her “slash life” philosophy followed by so many of her peers.

Weiheng, a 26-year-old woman in Guangzhou, and Tang Yuhan, a 27-year-old man in Xuancheng city, Anhui province, are both participants in the topic, with their stories earning thousands of likes so far. The two are both musicians in their spare time, even though they are thousands of miles apart and have different jobs in media and finance. Their passion for music has grown since college and they didn’t abandon their enthusiasm, even after entering the workplace.

Their reaction showed the gap between the young and former generations. “My parents used to say,   ‘music cannot earn you money’,   so the band thing was regarded as a waste of time. However,   we want to pursue whatever we love and are willing to pay for it.” says Weiheng.

“The ‘slash life’ mania(狂热)shows that, along with China’s economic development, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive, and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment,” says Shi Yanrong, an   associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences. “Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth. They tend to practice a carpe diem(活在当下)philosophy and create their own identities.”

1. What are “slash youth” more likely to do?

A．Create a topic on Douban.

B．Take diverse occupations.

C．Become a stand-up comedian.

D．Share their own stories online.

2. Which of the following amazes Xing Eryang?

A．Other young people’s positive response.

B．Hobbies developed while working.

C．The growing social networking platform.

D．Thousands of likes earned on Douban.

3. What did Weiheng and Tang Yuhan do to pursue their musical career?

A．They sent their stories online to gain more funds.

B．They shared similar interests in both their hobbies and jobs.

C．They never lost passion for music even if they had to quit college.

D．They stuck with their dream despite the older generation’s opinion.

4. According to Shi Yanrong, what is our society’s attitude to the “slash life”?

A．Doubtful.	B．Supportive.
C．Unfavorable.	D．Indifferent.