1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How much did the man weigh two months ago?

A．About 150 pounds.

B．About 160 pounds.

C．About 170 pounds.

2. How did the woman know how to lose weight?

A．From a book.

B．From a friend.

C．From a cook.

3. What does the man plan to do?

A．Change his diet.

B．Learn about an author.

C．Start to exercise regularly.

3 . A few months ago, I was in a cinema queue behind a man whose two sons were asking if they could have Tango Ice Blasts bright blue partly frozen drinks. The father hesitated for a moment. They’d already had too much sugary stuff that day, he said. “But it’s sugar-free,” replied one of the boys. That sealed the deal. The boys walked off happily into the cinema holding their drinks.

In an era when sugar is widely seen as enemy No.1, sugar-free drinks and treats, sweetened with low-calorie additives (添加剂), become well-liked and promise guilt-free sweetness. Some people deliberately choose low-sugar options in the hope of losing weight or managing diabetes; others just enjoy the taste.

But even if you aren’t seeking them out, it’s hard to avoid artificial sweeteners. In 2021, researchers looked at foods for sale in Hong Kong and found that sweeteners were present not just in products where you would expect them, such as sugarless chewing gum, but also in salad dressings, breads, instant noodles and many crisps.

They have become such a common part of our diet that environmental scientists have started looking for traces of them-particularly acesulfame potassium, which passes through the body largely undigested — as a marker for human waste in lakes and rivers.

The rise of sweeteners is, in part, a sign of the spectacular success of sugar taxes, which have been introduced in more than 40 countries since 2010. In the UK, the soft drinks industry tax was announced in 2016 and fully carried out in 2018, as part of a plan to “tackle childhood obesity”. The tax charged manufacturers 24p a litre for any drink with 8g or more of added sugar per 100ml. Almost all the major soft drinks brands in the UK cut the sugar content of their products and replaced the missing sweetness with some kind of artificial alternative. “Original” Coca-Cola and “blue” Pepsi were among the few drinks to keep their recipes the same. Once they became more expensive, compared to the sugar-free alternatives, their sales fell.

1. What made sugar-free drinks and treats popular?

A．The public’s pursuit of health.	B．The taste of low-calorie additives.
C．People’s promise to manage diabetes.	D．Parents’ expectation of guilt-free sweetness.

2. Why is it hard to avoid artificial sweeteners?

A．Because they are present in every food product.

B．Because they can be found in the environment.

C．Because they are widely used in our diet.

D．Because they are part of a plan to deal with obesity.

3. What did drink manufacturers in the UK do with the sugar tax?

A．Major soft drinks brands reduced their products’ sugar content.

B．Coca-Cola and Pepsi refused to change their recipes.

C．Nearly all big soft drinks brands turned to artificial sweeteners.

D．Drink companies lowered the price to raise their sales.

4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A．Sugar, Enemy No.1.	B．The Rise of Artificial Sweeteners.
C．The Secret to Health: Low-calorie Additives.	D．Scientific Facts Behind Health.

5 . Just like a car engine needs petrol, your body needs fuel. It needs food!

The things you eat and drink are turned into energy.

You need energy for everything-playing, walking, running, thinking-even sleeping.

Feeling hungry may mean you are running low on energy. If it is not meal time, you may need a snack to refuel.

But what sort of snack should you eat? This is like choosing the right fuel for a car. Some cars, such as racing cars, need the best fuel to go fast and keep their engines running smoothly.

So, if you want to be at your most lively, choose the best fuel. This means eating healthy snacks.

There is no better way to keep your engine running smoothly!

Healthy Snacks (Eat these often)	Unhealthy Snacks (Eat these only sometimes)
●Nuts       ●Seeds ●Dried       ●Fresh vegetables ●Fresh fruit	●Chips       ●Sweets ●Soft drinks       ●Chocolate bars ●Cookies       ●Fast food

1. What does “It” mean in the underlined sentence “It needs food!”?

A．Your body.

B．Petrol.

C．Fuel.

D．A car engine.

2. Which of the following snacks is unhealthy according to the passage?

A．Bananas.

B．Peanuts.

C．Cookies.

D．Tomatoes.

3. Which snack can you eat often?

A．Chips.

B．Chocolate.

C．Nuts.

D．Biscuits.

4. The writer thinks it is better to ________.

A．eat chips and biscuits	B．eat seeds than vegetables
C．eat healthy snacks at mealtimes	D．eat healthy snacks between meals

5. What can we infer from the text?

A．The best fuel helps racing cars go slowly.

B．Eating healthy food is good for your health.

C．Feeling hungry means you are sick.

D．You can’t eat unhealthy snacks.

6 . Why Cooking Meals at Home Benefits More Than Just Your Wallet

When hunger strikes, the convenience of entering a fast-food restaurant or ordering takeout can be terribly attractive.     1     However, when it becomes a routine, your waistline, your wallet and your health can be badly affected. Here are four reasons to make cooking at home your option.

· It’s cheaper.

You could spend $100 at a fancy restaurant for one dinner, while the same amount of money could buy you groceries for a week. When you shop smart and get creative, you needn’t spend more than $1 on breakfast, $2 on lunch and $4 on dinner to purchase wholesome, healthy foods. Here’s how:     2    

· It may reduce your exposure to certain chemicals.

The most surprising benefit of cooking at home can decrease the amount of harmful chemicals you’re exposed to.     3     Common in takeout and fast-food packaging, those chemicals have been associated with many diseases. Food packaging can also contain other damaging compounds (化合物).

·You can better estimate calories.

    4     That is why people tend to consume extra calories when dining away from home. On the contrary, you have complete control over the food materials when you cook in your own kitchen. Choosing fiber-packed vegetables and meat containing less fat will help keep your calories under control. So will the way you cook your food. Rather than frying, choose roasting.

·    5    

Many chefs use a lot of salt while cooking. While salt can make food tastier, too much of it is linked to serious health issues like heart disease and high blood pressure. At home, you can control the quantity of salt on your plate by seasoning food in other ways, like using lemon juice. The same goes for sugar. You can use smaller quantities of natural sweeteners like honey to add sweetness to your food. Too much added sugar is linked to some diseases as well.

A．You can reduce added salt and sugar.

B．Eating out can make calorie counting tricky.

C．Buy in large quantities and stick to store-brand items.

D．Salt and sugar are both essentials in cooking delicious foods.

E．Relying on food away from home occasionally is totally acceptable.

F．People are always too engaged in their work to cook at home personally.

G．People cooking at home have lower levels of dangerous chemicals in their bodies.

7 . The “diet” in diet drinks maybe a false promise for some soda lovers. True, they deliver the taste of a soda experience, without the calories. Yet, new research shows they can also leave people with increased appetite.

A study published recently in JAMA Network open adds to the evidence that drinks made with sucralose, an artificial sweetener (甜味剂), may increase the appetite among some people. “We found females and overweight people had greater brain reward activity after consuming the artificial sweetener,” says study author Katie Page, a physician at the University of Southern California. Both groups ate more food after consuming drinks with sucralose, compared with after regular sugar-sweetened drinks. In contrast, the study found males and people of healthy weight did not have an increase in either brain reward activity or hunger response, suggesting they’re not affected in the same way.

One theory is that it’s not the artificial sweetener itself that has a direct effect on the body. The idea is that artificial sweeteners may confuse the body by tricking it into thinking sugar is coming. “You are supposed to get sugar after something tastes sweet,” explains Swithers, “Your body has been used to that.” But the sugar never arrives, which may lead to the body’s less efficiency in processing sugar that s consumed later.

Swithers’ lab has also documented that when animals with a history of consuming artificial sweeteners get real sugar, their blood sugar levels rise higher than those of animals not fed artificial sweeteners. “It’s a small effect, but overtime this could contribute to potentially significant consequences,” she says. If this is happening in some people who consume diet soda, it could add to the risk of Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病), because when blood sugar rises, the body has to release more insulin (胰岛素) to absorb the sugar. “So what you’re doing is that you are kind of pushing the system harder,” Swithers says.

1. What can we learn from Katie page’s study?

A．Females enjoying diet drinks consume more food.

B．Artificial sweeteners help males with better appetite.

C．Diet drinks increase hunger response of healthy people.

D．people consuming sucralose have greater brain reward activity.

2. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The effect of sugar.	B．Response to sweetness.
C．Artificial sweetener.	D．The absence of sweetness.

3. What can we infer from Susan Swithers’words in the last paragraph?

A．More insulin release helps sugar level rise.

B．people drinking diet soda hardly absorb sugar.

C．Type 2 diabetes mainly results from artificial sweeteners.

D．Consuming artificial sweeteners might cause health problems.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The potential of artificially-sweetened drinks.

B．The wisdom of choosing healthy sweet drinks.

C．The underlying link between diet drinks and health.

D．The differences among artificially-sweetened drinks.

8 . Alarming levels of dangerous chemicals known as Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances (PFAS) were discovered in food packaging at a number of well-known fast-food restaurants and grocery store chains, a new report found. The report comes more than two years into the Covid-19 pandemic, when the public has relied heavily on takeout and grocery deliveries.

Often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment, PFAS are used in food packaging to prevent grease (油脂) and water from soaking through food wrappers and cups. PFAS can also be found in the ink used to print logos and instructions on food containers.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls exposure to PFAS a “public health concern”, citing that the human-made chemicals can harm the immune system and reduce a person’s resistance to infectious diseases.

Regulatory limits for how much PFAS food packaging should contain can vary greatly. For instance, a new law in California set the limit at less than 100 ppm. “Compared to America, Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success,” said Xenia Trier, an expert at the European Environment Agency. “It does work to set limits and enforce them. PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food. Even though it was not 100%, we still saw considerable transmission. In general, transmission from packaging to food is increased as the temperature of the food rises. It is the same with the time spent in wrapping materials.” Trier told NBS, one of the major American mass-media companies.

In response to the issue, Whole Foods became the first grocery chain to publicly commit to remove PFAS from takeout containers and bakery paper. Many other companies followed suit. Experts say people who want to avoid PFAS in their takeout and food delivery packaging should favor companies that have promised to remove the chemicals. “As soon as you receive your takeout, you’d better take food out of the container immediately, and never reheat food in its original container. Instead, remove your food and heat it in ceramic (陶瓷的) or glass containers.” Trier said.

1. What can we learn about PFAS in food packaging?

A．They have been used for two years.

B．They do little harm to consumers’ health.

C．They are used to break down the chemicals.

D．They can make wrappers resistant to grease and water.

2. What is Xenia Trier’s attitude to setting a lower limit of PFAS?

A．Favorable.	B．Neutral.
C．Ambiguous.	D．Opposed.

3. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4?

A．Considerable migration of grease and water.

B．PFAS transmission from packaging to food.

C．Wrapper exposure to high food temperature.

D．Regulatory limits concerning food packaging.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Food packaging contains dangerous chemicals.

B．Consumers are recommended to have PFAS-free products.

C．PFAS found in food packaging has become a great concern.

D．The government has taken measures to reduce PFAS exposure.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It’s common knowledge that most people love breakfast. Unfortunately,we have a lot of different types of breakfasts available,    1    makes choosing a difficult task for many people. For example,some people eat cereal(麦片粥)for breakfast while others prefer eating hot porridge,eggs and bacon. In other words,this meal is one of the main things that could start your day     2    a good way or ruin it     3    (complete)depending on what you choose to eat. We all know that preparing a meal for our family members should     4    (do)with love and care.That’s why many parents spend some extra time     5    (make)sure their children have everything that’s needed     6    (start)a new day. Many people like variety for breakfast because they don’t feel like eating     7    same thing every single day.That’s why many adults eat different kinds of breakfasts every morning without getting     8     (bore).After all,that makes their     9    (meal)more colorful. In short, it doesn’t really matter what you choose for breakfast as long as your way of life is in order,but having healthy food on your plates     10    (be)important.