牛津译林版 2020 必修三

Unit2   Integrated skills- Extended reading-Project 课中

一、重点词汇解析：

1. flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水，水灾；大量 vt. & vi. 淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满

【原句背诵】

Caught in a flood

【联想拓展】

flood damage 洪涝灾害

in flood 在泛滥

flood prevention 防汛；防洪；防洪工作

fight a flood 抗洪

a flood of 一大批…

flood in/into 涌入，大量地涌到

【经典例句】

①More than 70 people were killed in the floods caused when a dam burst. 大坝决堤引发的洪水灾吞噬了七十多人的生命。

②The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. 大雨使全国许多地方泛滥 成灾。

③Large numbers of immigrants flooded into the area. 大批移民涌入了这个地区。

【翻译句子】

2. curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的；奇特的

【原句背诵】

Mary walked to the door. She was curious to see how much water there was outside.

【联想拓展】

be curious about 好奇；想知道

be curious to do sth 急于做某事；渴望做某事

curiously adv. 好奇地

curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲；好奇

out of curiosity 出于好奇心

intellectual curiosity 求知欲

【误区】注意从形容词curious到名词curiosity的词形变化！

【经典例句】

①Steve was intensely curious about the world I came from. 史蒂夫对我是从哪里来的有强烈的好奇心。

②The pageant promises to be a curious mixture of the ancient and modern. 这次旅行可望是一次古典与现代风格的不寻常的组合。

③They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。

④I was curious to find out what she had said. 我真想弄清楚她说了些什么。

⑤Tom is such a curious boy, always asking questions. 汤姆这个孩子求知欲很强，总是爱提问。

【翻译句子】

3. erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ vi. & vt.（火山）爆发；突然 发生

【原句背诵】 Edward Bulwer-Lytton (1803-1873) was a talented British writer who left his mark on the English language. His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79, when Mount Vesuvius erupted. This terrible natural disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, but it also kept the ancient city as it was for future ages.

【联想拓展】

eruption n. 爆发，喷发；火山灰

eruptive adj. 火山爆发的

【经典例句】

The volcano erupted in 1980, devastating a large area of Washington state. 这座火山1980年喷发，摧毁了华盛顿州的大片地区。

【翻译句子】

4. unearth /ʌnˈɜːθ/ vt. 使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到

【原句背诵】

Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically unearthed. Today it is an international tourist destination.

【联想拓展】

to unearth buried treasures 挖掘地下埋藏的珍宝

to unearth cultural relics 发掘文物

to unearth a secret 发现一个秘密

【经典例句】

①Researchers have unearthed documents from the 1600s. 研究人员已发现了17世纪的文件。

②Fossil hunters have unearthed the bones of an elephant believed to be 500,000 years old. 化石 寻找者们挖掘出了一头被认为有50万年之久的大象遗骨。

【翻译句子】

5. destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 目的地，终点

【原句背诵】

Since 1748, Pompeii has been systematically unearthed. Today it is an international tourist destination.

【联想拓展】

popular holiday destinations like Hawaii 像夏威夷那样深受大众喜爱的度假胜地 to arrive at/reach your destination 到达目的地

【经典例句】

①Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final destination .我们的行李一直被托运到最终目的地。

②Spain is still our most popular holiday destination... 西班牙仍是我们最喜爱的度假去处。     

③Only half of the emergency supplies have reached their destination. 仅有一半的紧急救援物资运抵了目的地。

【翻译句子】

6. import /ˈɪmpɔːt/ n. 进口产品，输入的产品； 输入 /ɪmˈpɔːt/ vt. 进口，引进

export /ˈekspɔːt/ n. 出口产品，输出的产品； 出口，输出 /ɪkˈspɔːt/ vt. 出口，输出

【原句背诵】 Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in the glassy water of the port.

【联想拓展】

import and export 进出口；导入和导出；输入和输出

food imports from abroad 从外国进口的食物

import from 从…输入；从…进口

a ban on the export of live cattle 禁止活牛出口

an import/export licence 进口/出口许可证

export (sth) (to sb) 出口；输出

【经典例句】

①The report calls for a ban on the import of hazardous waste. 这篇报道呼吁禁止危险废弃 物的进口。

②Japan has to import most of its raw materials. 日本大多数原料均依赖进口。

③A lot of our land is used to grow crops for export. 我们很多的土地用来种植出口作物。

【翻译句子】

7. dawn /dɔːn/ n. 黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi. 开始；开始清楚

【原句背诵】 The awful night rolled slowly away, and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII!

【联想拓展】

at dawn 拂晓；天一亮

the dawn of civilization/time/history 文明╱时代╱历史的开端

dawn on 开始被理解；渐渐明白

【同义词】dawn作名词时，意义同daybreak, sunrise等。

【反义词】dusk n. 黄昏，傍晚；暮色 v. 变暗，变黑；使变微暗

【经典例句】

①They start work at dawn . 天一亮他们就开始干活了。

②He works from dawn till dusk (= from morning till night) . 他从早到晚 地工作。

③Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history. 和平使这个国家的 历史翻开了新的一页。

④A new century was dawning. 一个新的世纪开始了。

【翻译句子】

8. beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ adv. 在（或向）较远处，在另一边; prep. 在（或向）更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出…之外

【原句背诵】

At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.

【联想拓展】

beyond one’s reach/ability 超越能力范围

beyond doubt 无容置疑，确实地

beyond description (words)/recognition 难以描述/认出来

be beyond sb 使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）

go beyond v. 超出；胜过

【经典例句】

①The road continues beyond the village up into the hills. 那条路经过村子后 又往上延伸到群山中。

②Our success was far beyond what we thought possible. 我们的成功远远超 出了我们的估计范围。

③The bicycle was beyond repair (= is too badly damaged to repair) . 自行车已 损坏得无法修理。

④The situation is beyond our control. 我们已无法控制这一局面。

⑤The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class. 这个练习超出了 班上大多数学生的能力。

【翻译句子】

9. distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 遥远，久远；距离；差 异；疏远

【原句背诵】

At that moment, they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling roofs.

【联想拓展】

a short/long distance 短╱长距离

the distance of the earth from the sun 太阳到地球的距离

a distance of 200 kilometres 200公里的距离

in the distance 在远处

at a distance 在远处；有相当距离

within walking distance 步行就能到

distant adj. 遥远的，久远的；冷淡的；心不在焉的；远亲的

【经典例句】

①What's the distance between New York City and Boston/from New York City to Boston? 纽约市离波士顿有多远？

②The coldness and distance in her voice took me by surprise. 她话语中透出的冷淡和疏远使我感到意外。

【翻译句子】

10. rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & vt. 救援，营救，抢救

【原句背诵】

Dogs have been very helpful in rescue efforts on land. Due to the effort of well-trained search and rescue dogs, thousands of human lives are saved every year.       

【联想拓展】

rescue sb/sth (from sth/sb) 营救；援救；抢救

come to one’s rescue 营救某人

a rescue attempt/operation 一次营救行动

rescue workers 救援人员

search and rescue 搜索与营救

rescuer n. 救助者

【经典例句】

①Tom rescued a child from drowning. 汤姆救起了一名落水儿童。

② A major air-sea rescue is under way. 一项重要的海空营救行动正在进行中。

【翻译句子】

11. locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ vt. 找出…的准确位置；把… 安置在（或建造于）

【原句背诵】

Because of their small size and sharp sense of smell, dogs can locate survivors much faster than humans can.

【联想拓展】

locate in 在某一点设置；在…定居；坐落于

located adj. 处于，位于；坐落的

be located in/at 坐落于；位于

location n. 地点，位置；定位

【经典例句】

①Rescue planes are trying to locate the missing sailors. 救援飞机正在努 力查明失踪水手的下落。

②The scientists want to locate the position of the gene on a chromosome （染色体）. 科学家们想找到该基因在染色体上的位置。

③The company located its headquarters in Shanghai. 公司把总部设在了 上海。

【翻译句子】

12. retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ vi. & vt. 退休，退职

【原句背诵】

However, it takes much time and effort to train them. Also, dogs may lose their sensing ability if they work too long. In that case, they have to retire.

【联想拓展】

retire from 从……退休

retire into oneself 退隐，沉默；(沉湎于自己的思想而)离群索居

retirement n. 退休，退役

retired adj. 退休的；退役的；幽闭的

retiree n. （美）退休人员；歇业者

【经典例句】

At the age when most people retire, Tom is ready to face a new career. 在大多数人退休的年纪，汤姆准备要迎战一项新事业。

【翻译句子】

二、写作

写作指导: 故事续写

本单元的作文是续写被自然灾害困住的一家人的故事。进行续写时要注意下面几点：

1. 通读全文，把握全文的核心内容；

2. 明确故事中的人物关系；

3. 明确故事中的主要事件；

4. 对故事的发展进行合理推测。

常用表达

1. Mary’s mother continued to comfort her...

2. Hearing the knock on the door，Mary’s father...

3. Some people rushed in the house the moment...

4. They tried their best to get them out of the house...

5. Moved by the firefighters，the whole family...

6. What you did really made a difference to others’ life.

审题

写作要求是续写被自然灾害困住的一家人的故事。写作时应注意下面几点：

1. 确定文体：这是一个故事。写作时注意故事的要素和合理性。

2. 主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主。

3. 主体人称：由于是描述一家人的故事，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。

谋篇

第一段：玛丽一家人惊慌不已，不知道该怎么办。一家人互相安慰。

第二段：突然有人敲门，玛丽的父亲打开门，看到了一群人和一辆大卡车。

第三段：大卡车把玛丽一家带到了安全地带，有人送来了水和食物。玛丽一家非常感动。

核心词汇

连词成句

句式升级

用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80词左右的英语短文。

参考范文

Seeing that Mary was so scared，her father began to tell a story to relieve her. Mary’s mother was also worried，but she tried to hide herself.

After a while，Mary was about to fall asleep when someone knocked at the door wildly. Mary’s father walked to the door and opened it. Outside their house were some firefighters and a truck. Surprised and happy，Mary’s father began to shout at his wife and daughter. They got on the truck in a hurry.

The truck drove Mary and her parents to a shelter nearby. Mary’s mother was too scared to take their bag filled with some food and other supplies. Hearing their story，some kind volunteers gave them some food and water. Mary’s mother was so moved that tears began to roll down her cheeks.