A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism—if they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.
1. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?| A．They were made last week. |
| B．They showed undersea sceneries. |
| C．They were found by a cameraman. |
| D．They recorded a disastrous adventure. |
| A．Frank Hurley. |
| B．Ernest Shackleton. |
| C．Robert Falcon Scott. |
| D．Caroline Alexander. |
| A．Artistic creation. | B．Scientific research. |
| C．Money making. | D．Treasure hunting. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Fear is an emotion like others such as happiness, anger, hurt, sadness. We need emotions to process information we receive and decide how to respond. Being afraid of fast cars, for example, is something that might protect us from harm. Being afraid of the consequence of a choice may prevent us getting into trouble.
Fears in young children commonly center on certain animals like snakes or big dogs. Fears are caused often because of experiences or ideas expressed by others, and at times, the media. Many normal fears during the early years, like men with beards, or large dogs, disappear with age. Those relating to personal failure and ridicule (嘲笑) remain through adulthood and may need special help to overcome.
Children’s fears are often trivial, but that doesn’t mean they should be ignored. They need to be recognized and accepted as real for that child. Only when we help children understand their fears can they grow normally in their ability to deal with them.
Research shows that as a child grows up, the center of his fears changes a lot. Things like divorce, a teacher who “shouted at me”, people with guns, bullies, big boys, or “making fun of me” top the list of childhood fears.
We cannot always prevent these experiences from happening, but it’s essential that children be allowed to freely express their emotions without judgment. Sympathy and a caring listener will help ease the pain of these fears. Read books and stories to your child about children who have experienced similar fears. This helps children talk about their fears and find ways to cope. With all emotions, fears become less of a problem for children as they gain self-confidence and they find that fear is normal and can be dealt with.
1. The underlined word “trivial” in the third paragraph probably means “_______”.| A．small | B．serious |
| C．harmful | D．common |
| A．stop unpleasant experiences happening to children |
| B．let children know about the nature of fear |
| C．create an environment where there is nothing to fear |
| D．develop children’s ability to treat their fear on their own |
| A．some childhood fears may have a lasting influence |
| B．children should avoid the media to reduce their fear |
| C．fears can be judged according to the environment |
| D．children with similar fears can communicate easily |
| A．How to Overcome Children’s Fears | B．Children’s Fears |
| C．The kind of Children’s Fears | D．The Bad Effects of Fears |
【推荐2】She was walking home from work one evening when she got the idea. Rosa didn’t like her job at the factory, but it was better than no job at all. So, while she was trying not to think about work, she saw the pots in an alley. They were cheap plastic pots, but there were dozens of them piled up behind the flower shop. Such a waste, she thought. When the pots were still there three days later, Rosa went in and asked if she could take some. The flower shop lady said she didn’t mind, so Rosa carried home a tower of pots, pretending she was a circus performer on the way.
At home, Rosa set them on the fire escape outside her tiny apartment. And there they sat. Once a gust of wind sent them slipping to the street three floors below, and she had to go to run after and catch them before the gathering storm.
Every day, Rosa went to work and thought about her pots- She was wailing for something, but she had patience.
At last, the newspaper brought good news. A hardware store had a sale on potting soil. Rosa carefully counted her money, then walked six blocks to the store. She bought six bags and carried them home. She bought seeds, too. Rosa slept well that night and dreamed of masses of flowers and fat, glowing fruits,
Sundays were always good days. Rosa didn’t have to work on Sundays. But Rosa couldn’t remember when she had had such a good Sunday. She got up early and ate her breakfast on the fire escape with her pots. Then, she began to put dirt into the pots. She sang a little song until all six of her bags of soil were empty. Then, she laid her precious seed packets out and planned her garden. Tomatoes for the biggest pots. and peppers for the next-biggest ones. Flowers in all the rest.
At the end of the day, Rosa sat in her garden and watched the sunset. Soon, she thought, there will be masses of flowers and fat, glowing fruits.
1. Why did Rosa wail 3 days before she asked about the pots?| A．She didn’t like the pots at first. |
| B．She had been waiting for a discount. |
| C．She had no idea how to make use of them. |
| D．She needed to make sure they were unwanted. |
| A．She was a workaholic. | B．She liked taking walks. |
| C．She was poor. | D．She liked the sunset. |
| A．Hopeful. | B．Proud. |
| C．Anxious. | D．Lonely. |
When Isabella was getting well and could leave her room, she wore her prized possession—a “superhero cape(短斗篷)”Amy had sewn to encourage her—and walked into the hallway. The pink cape was an instant hit with the other young patients, who were doing exercise around the nursing station. Then, all the kids were taking turns wearing the cape, giggling, ”Amy says. “These were some of the same children I had heard crying the night before, and here they were playing and having fun—kids just being kids! ”
From that moment on, Amy began making Comfort Capes for little ones battling with serious illnesses. “I felt God presenting an opportunity, ”she says. “I hoped Comfort Capes can help these kids feel brave, to lift some of the fear away. ”
Since then, Amy has made and donated more than 5, 000 capes in the United States. Amy usually pays for materials herself, although she accepts donations.
The capes she makes for kids in treatment are different from those her own children have. Before Amy starts to sew she learns what image or character the little boy or girl connects with. “ I choose the pattern, color and theme specially for each child,” explains Amy.
When she is not sewing, Amy is raising awareness of childhood cancers and looking into ways to get Comfort Capes to more kids who need them, “ If a cape can help a child, even only for a moment, forget his illness, its worth the time spent sewing, she says.
1. What made Amy feel sad when she was staying with her daughter in the hospital?
| A．Her daughters serious illness. |
| B．The cries of children in pain. |
| C．The tiredness from sewing the cape. |
| D．The illness of children in her daughters room. |
| A．To make them feel warm. |
| B．To find friends for her daughter. |
| C．To make them happy and fearless. |
| D．To raise the awareness of childrens illness. |
| A．indifferent | B．neutral |
| C．negative | D．supportive |
| A．Turning Sick Kids into Superheroes |
| B．How to Treat the Sick Children |
| C．A Strong Mom Who Helps Others |
| D．Amy: a Considerate Woman |
【推荐1】Farah was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother. The exams were over and Farah wanted to invite her friends for a party.
“Farah, aren't you going to invite Hafsa?” her mother asked. Hafsa had been her best friend since childhood.
“Mother, you know I am now a part of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with,” Farah answered.
“Really? And what are the rules?” her mother asked.
“Well, only very pretty girls can be part of our group. And Hafsa is so ... you know ... dark.”
“I cannot believe it,” her mother said angrily.
As Farah left the kitchen, her father called her from the living room. Farah went to her father and paled when she saw the exam report in his hands. “Farah, what has happened to your grades? You have failed in Mathematics,” her father said. Farah had no answer. The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies. “Farah, it says that you can take part in supplementary exams. If your grades don't improve then, I'll cancel your trip to Spain.” Farah went to her room and called Gina, the leader of Purple Girls Club, “Gina, can you help me to complete my notes before the exams?” Gina laughed. “Exams? Who cares about exams?”
One by one, she called her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help. Farah knew Hafsa would help her. Farah also knew Hafsa had been hurt by her, but Hafsa said, “If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams.” Next Monday, as two friends entered the school together, Gina called out. “Farah, you know our rules. You cannot be friends with those who do not belong to our club.”
“Gina, I have a new rule about friendship,” Farah replied.
1. After Farah became a member of Purple Girls Club, she chose a friend according to a person's ____.| A．looks | B．usual activities | C．grades | D．favorite colors |
| A．he didn't allow her to go to Spain | B．she didn't do well in her exams |
| C．she had to leave Purple Girls Club | D．he asked her to improve her grades |
| A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. | B．A perfect friend will never be found. |
| C．Be slow in choosing a friend. | D．Friendship can be developed easily. |
【推荐2】Jo Du was being helped into her beautiful white wedding dress this week when a tooth on the zipper (拉链) broke. It was Sunday in Guelph, Ontario, and no tailor (裁缝) shop was open.
Jo Du didn't want to marry Earl Lee with pins (别针) in the back of her dress. But no one in the wedding party knew how to make the repair.
The best man knocked on a neighbor's door to ask David Hobson if he might have a pair of scissors they could borrow. Mr. Hobson said, “I've got better than tools. I've got a tailor.”
David Hobson had a family of Syrian refugees (难民) living in his home for a few days: a mother, father, and 3 children.
The father of the Syrian family was Ibrahim Halil Dudu. He was a tailor in Syria for 28 years, and as soon as he saw the dress, Ibrahim Dudu got out his sewing (缝) tools and set to work.
“He really sewed her wedding dress back onto her,” Lindsay Coulter, the wedding photographer, told CTV News. “Everyone was so thankful. They said thank you a million times.”
“Every weekend I take photos of people on the happiest days of their lives, and today one man who has seen some of the worst things our world has to offer came to help,”said Lindsay Coulter, who posted photos and wrote on her Facebook page.
“I was so excited and so happy,” Ibrahim Halil Dudu said through a translator.“I like to help Canadian people from my heart.”
Earl Lee called the tailor's skillful repair, an “unbelievable act of kindness”from a“complete stranger who had only stepped foot in this country days ago.”
1. What was a big problem for Jo Du?| A．It was not easy for her to find some pins. |
| B．Her wedding dress had to be repaired soon. |
| C．She didn't know where to buy a new zipper. |
| D．There was something wrong with her scissors. |
| A．He introduced a tailor to her. |
| B．He lent a pair of scissors to her. |
| C．He helped her find the best man. |
| D．He helped organize her wedding. |
| A．Earl Lee. |
| B．David Hobson. |
| C．Ibrahim Dudu. |
| D．Lindsay Coulter. |
| A．She worked as a translator. |
| B．She felt sorry for the tailor. |
| C．She was a refugee from Syria. |
| D．She was a news reporter. |
【推荐3】Yesterday, I went to the bookstore to pick up a present for my mother’s upcoming birthday. I found one of the books I wanted, but not the other one my mother had discussed with me the other day. When I went to pay, I asked the clerk behind the counter if I could order the second book.
A lady was standing in line behind me at the checkout. The clerk said she could order the book, but asked if I would mind letting the lady behind me pay for her purchases first. The lady behind me said no and that it was fine to wait.
It took nearly 15 minutes to put my order through! The lady behind me chatted agreeably with us for the entire time. When it finally came time for me to pay, I placed two $ 10 off cards on the counter. The clerk informed me the offer was only valid for the book I was purchasing in-store and wouldn’t work for the book I’d ordered. This meant that I’d have one $10 card left.
“You can come back and purchase another book.” the clerk smiled. “The offer is valid until the end of the week.”
I thought about this for a millisecond and then turned around to face the lady behind me who’d been so patient, kind, and charming through the very long wait at the checkout. “Here.” I gave her the $10 off card. She was very surprised and said. “Really?”
The gift didn’t cost me anything. I knew I wouldn’t be back before the end of the week and it rewarded someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart. Most definitely a win-win moment.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?| A．The author couldn’t afford anything else but books as a birthday present. |
| B．The book store had no suitable books available as a birthday present. |
| C．Reading was probably appealing to the author and the mother alike. |
| D．The author was a regular customer of the book store. |
| A．Impolite. | B．Considerate. | C．Cold. | D．Easy-going. |
| A．The author was always very generous to strangers. |
| B．The $10 off card would become invalid next week. |
| C．The author believed the lady would smile at her/him. |
| D．The author wanted to thank the lady for her kindness. |
| A．Win-win Moment at the Bookstore | B．A Kind Lady |
| C．Lovely Delay at the Bookstore | D．Patience and Friendship Rewarded |
【推荐1】Brother James Kimpton, an Englishman, has been planting trees for a lifetime and doesn't plan on stopping now. The founder of Reaching the Unreached(RTU)has been serving among the poorest and most disadvantaged communities of India for the last 50 years.
It's difficult to describe Brother Kimpton's work. He digs wells, builds homes, runs schools, dresses wounds, helps the disabled, feeds the hungry, trains the unskilled, and shelters the abandoned(被遗弃者). At 27, he was sent on foreign duty to Sri Lanka. For 12 years, he taught in the slums(贫民窟). In 1964 when the government ordered all foreigners to leave the country, he caught a ship to India and travelled to the city of Madurai. "The minute I got there I knew I'd come home."
Brother Kimpton founded an orphanage(孤儿院)in Madurai, a huge organization modeled after Nebraska's Boys Town. But this was only a beginning. The suffering and helplessness he saw in India led him to start RTU. What began as a single, modest medical clinic has today developed into a network of highly valuable programs aimed at long and meaningful rural development.
There're many wonders at RTU. As an architect, artist, educator, economist, medical worker, James did a lot over 2,000 wells have been dug in this area bringing clean, sate water to the villages; over 6,000 homes have been built and given away to the very poor daycare centers have been set up that now feed and treat close to 2,000 poor children every day; over 2,000 receive free education in the schools he builds and runs…
In his last will. Brother Kimpton has requested to be buried at Anbu llama. Speaking to the audience who gathered to celebrate his 50th years of service in Asia, he said. "I'm an Indian by choice."
He's smiling. but there's something moving in his words.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about James Kimpton?| A．He went to Madurai on a business trip. | B．He founded an orphanage in Sri Lanka. |
| C．He does many kinds of jobs to make a living. | D．He has devoted most of his life to helping others. |
| A．He was warmly welcomed there. | B．He fell in love with it. |
| C．He was familiar with it. | D．He was born there. |
| A．began as a medical school | B．was modeled after Nebraska's Boys Town |
| C．focus on the development of rural areas in India | D．aims at helping the poor around the world |
| A．RTU's achievements | B．James Kimpton's plan |
| C．RTU's development | D．James Kimpton's success |
【推荐2】Beat the Burglar
Don’t invite crime -- take basic, sensible precautions (预防). Your house and possession are valuable and must be properly protected. When you buy a lock, you buy time. The best prevention is delay and noise which could mean discovery.
When you leave it- lock it! First of all, fit security locks to all doors and windows and a safety chain on the front door. Secondly, use them! If you have any ladders or tools, don’t leave them lying about in the garden, lock them away. “Safe”or “secret” places for keys and valuables are not reliable -- nine times out of ten. they are the first place a thief will look. | When you move house… When you move into a new home even if it is fitted with security locks, change them. You don’t know who else may have keys. Never let strangers into your house. An official-looking cap is not enough, ask for proof of identity and look at it carefully -- if you are still not satisfied, don’t let the person in. |
Valuables need special protection Valuables should really be given special protection- preferably by leaving them with your bank. A small security safe works too, but not to the most determined burglar. It is also important to keep an up-to-date list of valuables and their descriptions. In the case of fine art paintings, or jewelry, color photographs can sometimes be of assistance to the police if you are unfortunate enough to have them stolen. Enter the details on the back of the pictures. But don’t keep such documents in your house, keep them at the bank or with your insurance company. | Going on holiday? Don’t talk about your holidays and future plans loudly in public. Do remember to cancel the milk and newspapers and also to draw curtains back. Operate a “Good Neighbor” program to ensure that mail is taken in, the house is checked regularly and that lights are put on. Call at your local police station and tell them you are going away. Make sure that they know how to contact you in case of trouble Don’ t leave cash or valuables in the house -- take them with you or put them in the bank. |
1. Which is the safest way to protect your valuables?
| A．Putting your valuables in your safe. |
| B．Giving a list of your valuables to the police. |
| C．Taking pictures of your valuables. |
| D．Keeping your valuables at the bank. |
| A．shouldn’t make it known that your home is empty |
| B．shouldn’t leave your keys to your neighbors |
| C．should cancel your mail |
| D．should ask the police to check your house regularly |
| A．To inform people of safety standards. |
| B．To educate people on prevention of burglars. |
| C．To introduce the advantages of banks. |
| D．To prove the importance of security locks. |
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| A．TV show | B．newspaper | C．story book | D．radio program |
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【推荐1】Have you ever found yourself waiting at the stop for your bus to arrive and have a stranger ask a commonplace (普通的) question? Or have you stood in line waiting for a coffee and feel the need to just look over to the person next to you and ask about the weather?
This is small talk, and despite the name, it’s actually a big part of daily life.
“Small talk may seem trivial (微不足道的), but it’s a natural way for people to connect. It may seem like a waste of time. But it serves a vital role in our social interactions (交往). Big relationships are built on small talk,” Lindy Pegler, who has a master’s degree in psychology, wrote on Medium.
In fact, we spend a lot of our time making small talk. Often, we find ourselves making small talk with the same people on a regular basis. Coming up with small conversations is the foundation (基础) of these relationships.
The benefits of such conversations can actually contribute to our happiness and benefit our lives as a whole. In a study cited by The New York Times, researchers found that having a healthy number of acquaintances (相识的人) and maintaining these relationships contribute to one’s sense of belonging to a community.
So how does one start making small talk? It can be as simple as complimenting (称赞) one’s shirt, asking about their day or commenting on the traffic. “First and foremost, small talk is an act of politeness,” Pegler noted. “Our small talk at our first meeting is our chance to show who we are,” she added.
Who knows where this can lead? Nowadays, the small connections we make can lead to big results. You might find someone who has a common interest, or maybe even someone who turns out to be a close friend. There is one thing for sure: making small talk can brighten our day – even if it’s just a nice comment or a thoughtful question.
So the next time you find yourself waiting for the bus or checking your watch while you wait in a line, take the opportunity to look up and talk to someone around you. After all, it takes a small connection to lead to a larger one.
1. What does the writer intend to do by asking questions in paragraph one?| A．To show his confusion on the theme | B．To argue over the seriousness of talking |
| C．To attach importance to talking | D．To lead to the topic of the passage |
| A．It is a pointless conversation. | B．It wastes too much time. |
| C．It is connected with your social status. | D．It contributes to good relationships. |
| A．They help people develop communication skills. |
| B．They bring people happiness and a sense of belonging. |
| C．They allow people to improve their manners. |
| D．They help people find out who they are. |
| A．Start with casual topics | B．Start with serious topics |
| C．Make it important and deep. | D．Choose pleasant surroundings. |
【推荐2】The word ‘sorry’ is probably the most over-used word in the United Kingdom: whether people are sorry about the weather or sorry because someone else has bumped（撞上）into them, chances are an average person has made at least one apology in the past hour or two.
The British apologise more frequently than members of other cultures. But why?
The readiness of the British to apologise for something they haven’t done is impressive. In her book Watching the English, social anthropologist Kate Fox describes experiments in which she deliberately bumped into hundreds of people in towns and cities across England. She also encouraged colleagues to do the same abroad, for comparison.
Fox found that around 80% of English victims said ‘sorry’—even though the collisions were clearly Fox’s fault. “Possibly people said it without even realising it, but compared to when tourists from other countries were bumped, the difference was marked,” Fox writes.
British society values that its members show respect without imposing（强加）on someone else’s personal space, and without drawing attention to oneself. As a consequence, British people may sometimes use ‘sorry’ in a way that can seem inappropriate to outsiders, including Americans.
There may be some benefits to saying ‘sorry’, too—such as fostering trust. Interestingly, that is true even when people are apologising not for mistakes they’ve made, but rather for circumstances beyond their control.
In one study, psychologist Wood Brooks arranged for an actor to approach 65 strangers at a train station on a rainy day and ask to borrow their mobile phone. In half the cases, the stranger began by saying: “Sorry about the rain”. When he did this, 47% of strangers gave him their mobile, compared to only 9% when he simply asked to borrow their phone. Further experiments confirmed it was the apology about the weather that mattered, not the politeness of the opening sentence.
“By saying ‘I’m sorry about the rain’, the apologiser acknowledges an unfortunate circumstance, takes the victim’s attitude and expresses empathy for the negative circumstance—even though it is outside of his or her control,” says Wood Brooks.
1. Why did Fox deliberately bump into people?| A．To prove what was written in her book. |
| B．To compare the results of her experiments. |
| C．To see how many people would make an apology. |
| D．To see how many people would demand an apology. |
| A．It makes them believe in you. |
| B．It makes them feel confident. |
| C．It helps them deal with a difficult situation. |
| D．It makes them less worried about the weather. |
| A．shows interest in | B．expresses doubts about |
| C．gives his or her opinion about | D．shares the victim’s feelings about |
| A．Social skills. | B．Changes in languages. |
| C．Traditional customs. | D．Cultural differences in languages. |
【推荐3】Education appears to protect older adults especially women, against memory loss, according to a study by investigators at Georgetown University Medical Center.
The Study tested declarative memory in 704 older adults (58-98 years of age). Declarative memory refers to our ability to remember events facts and words, such as where you put your keys or the name of that new neighbor. The investigators found that their memory performance became progressively worse with aging. However, more years of early-life education countered these Tosses, especially in women.
For example, the declarative memory abilities of an 80-year-old woman with a bachelor’s degree would be as good as those of a 60-year-old woman with a high school education. So, four extra years of education make up for the memory losses from 20 years of aging.
“Simply said, learning brings about learning.” says the study’s senior investigator, Michael Unman. “Since learning new information in declarative memory is easier if it is related to knowledge we already have, more knowledge from more education should result in better memory abilities, even years later,” adds the study’s lead author, Jana Reifegerste.
“Evidence suggests that girls often have better declarative memory than boys, so education may lead to greater knowledge gains in girls,” says Ullman. “Education may thus particularly benefit memory abilities in women, even years later in old age.”
The study tested individuals in a non-Western population. Participants varied in the number of years of education, from none at all to graduate studies. Future research is needed to test whether the findings generalize to other populations, Ullman says.
“These findings may be important, especially considering the rapidly aging population globally,” Reifegerste says. “The results argue for further efforts to increase access to education.”
“Education has also been found to delay the beginning of Alzheimer’s disease,” Ullman says. “We believe that our findings may shed light on why this occurs.”
1. The underlined “counter” in Paragraph 2 probably means_______.| A．cancel | B．change | C．replace | D．reduce |
| A．New information. | B．Declarative memory. |
| C．Former education. | D．Better memory ability. |
| A．slow down the process of aging | B．promote the development of education |
| C．advance the study of Alzheimer’s disease | D．ensure the equal rights of women’s education |
| A．declarative memory abilities fail with aging |
| B．women should try to obtain a bachelor's degree |
| C．learning regularly helps improve old adults’ memory |
| D．early-life education helps prevent memory loss in old age |
