1 .

On September 16th, 2022, some students are showing their car on a US tour to universities and companies from the East Coast to Silicon Valley.

It is a kind of sporty car but it is the special one. It is called ZEM, short for zero emission mobility, as the beginning letter of the name shows it gives out zero carbon. It has two-seater houses with battery box, and most of its parts are 3D-printed from second hand things.

“We are just to make a better and clearer future,” said Jens Lahaije, a manager of the Eindhoven University of Technology student team that made the car.

Compared with common cars, such battery electric cars give out no CO₂, but battery can also make our air around us dirty and dangerous. So, the cost of doing with it isn’t low.

Cleaning the air by getting CO₂ in is a pretty new way for a car. The students made it come true in this kind of car, ZEM. The idea is quite useful: while driving, the air will move through cars and the CO₂ will be got in.

The Eindhoven team thought ZEM uses two machines that get 2 kgs of CO₂ over 32,186 kms of driving, later these machines can be emptied at stations when they take in more electric to let the car work.

As for carbon emissions, the European Union made strict rules years ago, and most European car companies began to move to electric cars, but they didn’t make more wonderful cars than that one, ZEM.

1. According to the passage we learnt ________ made ZEM.

A．a car factory	B．a manager of a company
C．the students from Eindhoven University	D．the teachers from Eindhoven University

2. What will happen to ZEM if people drive it?

A．	B．
C．	D．

3. In the fourth paragraph, the writer wants to tell us ________.

A．ZEM is very cheap	B．people don’t like ZEM
C．ZEM also has a disadvantage	D．some common cars are better than ZEM

4. ZEM will drive ________ when it gets 10 kgs of CO₂ on the road.

A．32,186 kms

B．64,372 kms

C．160,930 kmş

D．321,860 kms

5. Which of the following people is probably interested in the passage?

A．Eric, a young man likes different sports cars.

B．Maria, a woman enjoys dancing in a music hall.

C．Lisa, a beautiful girl likes going shopping at weekends.

D．Jack, a hard-working boy loves reading with his friends.

3 .

How much heat can dancers produce? Can the heat energy be stored or used? The SWG3 Arts Center in Glasgow, Scotland used a system called Bodyheat, which can use body heat of the dancers as a source of energy.

In the Arts center, there are some air collectors taking in the heat produced by dancers. The heat goes through pipes and travels into 12 holes which are 200 meters below the ground. These holes connect to a large underground rock that can store the heat energy like a thermal battery. When the heat energy is needed, the system then moves it to areas that need warming. The heat energy can be turned into usable electricity. People can use it to charge phones or heat water. Besides, some hot air cools in the underground and it then can be sent to cool down the people in the arts center through pipes.

When a person is just standing, he is producing about 100—150 watts of energy. When he starts dancing at a medium pace, he might be producing about 250 watts. So the harder people dance, the more heat energy they create. Data shows that the arts center has reduced the output of CO₂ by 70 metric tons each year since it used Bodyheat. It has also saved a lot of money on energy bills.

During COP26 conference in Glasgow in November, Bodyheat was shown. The system stored the heat from visitors and used it to power lights and heating. Bodyheat is thought to be a really good system. It may help solve the energy problem in the UK by producing more energy, so the UK will probably not depend on buying energy from other countries.

Now, SWG3 plans to turn off their gas boilers and use Bodyheat to provide energy for all their heating. The hope is that by 2025, SWG3 will not let CO₂ go into the air. The managing director of SWG3 said. “Bodyheat is a good way to deal with climate change. If we can make it work here, there’s no reason why we can’t take it to other places across Europe and other areas, not just here in Scotland and the UK.”

1. Bodyheat is a system that ______.

A．gets energy from dancers’ heat	B．helps dancers produce much heat
C．solves the problems of dancers	D．records how much heat dancers use

2. Which is the right order to show how Bodyheat mainly works?
①The heat energy is stored in a rock.
②The heat goes underground through pipes.
③The air collectors take in the heat.
④The heat energy is turned into electricity.

A．③①④②

B．③②①④

C．②③④①

D．②①③④

3. What is TRUE about Bodyheat according to the passage?

A．It has helped save the energy cost greatly in the UK.

B．It was improved during COP26 conference in Glasgow.

C．It has reduced 70% of the CO2 output in the arts center.

D．It’s thought to be helpful in solving the UK’s energy problem.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．Dancing is a Road to the World	B．Bodyheat Changes the Way of Danciny
C．Dancing Helps Save the Planet	D．Bodyheat Has Become a Great Power

4 .

Kakadu is the largest national park in Australia, covering almost 20, 000 square kilometers. The large area includes amazing forests and endless wetlands, which make Kakadu a wonderland to wildlife. More importantly, Kakadu is an Aboriginal living cultural landscape.

Kakadu has been home to Aboriginal people for more than 65, 000 years. The Aborigines are believed to be the first humans in Australia. Before non-Aboriginal people arrived, about 2, 000 Aborigines had lived in the Kakadu area. Later, many indigenous people died of illness or moved off their land. Now there are only about 500 Aboriginal people living there. However, their ancestors recorded the long history through rock art in Kakadu.

Kakadu National Park has one of the world’s largest collections of Aboriginal rock art. Most paintings can be found in caves. They show objects the Aborigines used, animals they hunted and activities they did. The first rock art is thought to be the direct print of hands, and plants such as grass, onto the rock. Later, around 15, 000 years before present, humans were shown on the rock, telling the activities and stories of the Aborigines. The rock art is well-kept and has great cultural value, and that’s why Kakadu appeared on the World Heritage List in 1981.

In order to make sure the rock art is not damaged by natural processes or human activities, the Aborigines work together with Parks Australia to manage Kakadu. But cultural tours are offered in Kakaduand. Visitors are welcome there. Whether visitors choose to enjoy a boat cruise, or a guided walk through the park, they will step back in time and have an adventure tour that they will never forget.

1. In the writer’s opinion. what is more important in Kakadu?

A．Its wildlife.	B．Its large size.
C．Its beautiful sights.	D．Its Aboriginal culture.

2. The underlined word “indigenous” in Paragraph 2 has the closest meaning to _______.

A．old

B．poor

C．local

D．foreign

3. According to the passage, which of the following may be the first rock art?

A．

B．

C．

D．

4. What can we know about Kakadu National Park?

A．Aborigines try their best to protect it alone.

B．It was damaged by human activities after 1981.

C．Parks Australia records visitors’ adventure tour in it.

D．Visitors can learn about its culture in different ways.

6 .

Recently, a group of Chinese scientists took things a step further by using 3D printing technology to create realistic models of human organs. In the past, it was challenging to create a single material that could print all human organs because they are very different from each other. The Chinese research team started by using hydrogel, a soft gel-like material, as the main material.

Scientists use hydrogel and other materials for printing human organs. They have various hardness, such as our bones being the hardest and our brains being the softest. To copy the hardness of human organs, the researchers added metallic elements to the hydrogel and regulate their ratio. In this way, some models can be hard, like the bone, and some can be soft. However, the structure inside the human body is also unbelievably complicated, even in the same organ, different parts require different levels of hardness. To make sure the printing results are correct, the team used a specific technology called light-curing in the 3D printing process. A special light was placed under the printing machine, causing the gel to become strong right after it was printed.

________. They usually cannot be used for organ transplanting directly, because human cells are likely to recognize them as “enemies” and start to fight against them. These days, scientists are working on bio-printing: using 3D printing technology to build up various types of cells and materials layer by layer. After that, the printed product will be more acceptable to grow inside the human body. However, this method is in development, and experts are still on the way. They hope it will be used in the medical field within a few years, according to CNN.

These 3D printed organ models are used in various fields, such as testing medical tools and presenting operations. Compared to live organs and animal models, they are also ethically acceptable since they are man-made and printed. To some degree, they can help researchers develop new treatments more efficiently, due to their lower relative cost, commented the Alliance of Advanced Biomedical Engineering website.

1. In the past, what was the main challenge when printing human organs?

A．The cost of printing organs was too high to afford.

B．It was hard to use one material for different organs.

C．There were too many organs for researchers to print.

D．The printing technology was still in the development.

2. The research team make the printing results right by ________.

A．adding more gel in the process of printing

B．controlling the number of metallic elements

C．using light-curing technology while printing

D．putting a special light over the printing machine

3. Which sentence can be put in the “________” in Paragraph 3?

A．However, the hydrogel materials are not perfect

B．The hydrogel materials are quite expensive to develop

C．Besides, the hydrogel materials have more advantages

D．The hydrogel materials have been applies in many ways

4. From the passage, we know that hydrogel is ________.

A．used as a main material	B．a hard material like metal
C．accepted by human bodies	D．invented by Chinese experts

7 .

The United Nations has 6 official languages. Each of them has their own days with the aim to show the rich history and culture of each language. UNESCO first created Chinese Language Day in 2010 to celebrate Chinese as one of the six official languages of the United Nations.

The first Chinese Language Day was in 2010 on November 12th. But since 2011, it has been on the 20th of April. The date was chosen from Guyu (“Rain of Millet*”) to remember Cangjie. Cangjie is very important in ancient China who was believed to invent Chinese characters 5000 years ago. Legend* says that Cangjie had 4 eyes and he was good at observing*. He often watched the sun and the moon with his upper 2 eyes while watched mountains and rivers with the lower 2 eyes. His long-time observation inspired him to create the earliest written characters according to the shapes of things. When his work was over, it rained millet upon the earth.

This year’s Chinese Language Day was held in New York, under the theme of “Chinese Wisdom for a Green World” to provide Chinese wisdom and solutions for green and long-lasting development. World-famous writer Mr. Liu Cixin gave an online lecture to share his opinions on sustainable development and the protection of mother earth.

Chinese Language Day is an important carrier for Chinese learners, lovers, and users from all over the world to get close to Chinese. Nowadays, more than one sixth of world’s population speak Chinese as their first language— that’s more than any other population in the world! Learning Chinese is more like a key to knowing China and feeling the beauty of Chinese culture.

1. The Chinese Language Day was first created ________.

A．in 2011	B．13 years ago
C．to celebrate Guyu	D．to remember Cangjie

2. According to the legend, how did Cangjie observe to create the characters?

A．	B．
C．	D．

3. From the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．The theme of this year is about how to be green in China.

B．Liu Cixin showed up in New York for the celebration this year.

C．The Chinese Language Day is important for people over the world.

D．More than 16 percent of world’s population are Chinese native speakers.

4. Why does the writer write the passage?

A．To tell a legend about Cangjie	B．To show the history Chinese.
C．To attract foreigners to come to China.	D．To introduce some facts of a special day.

8 .

1. ________ are necessary to make Earl Grey.
① A teaspoon     ②Hot water     ③Tea leaves   ④ Milk     ⑤A teapot

A．①②④

B．②③⑤

C．②③④

D．③④⑤

2. When enjoying Earl Grey, we ________.

A．must drink it in the afternoon	B．should drink it with the a leaves
C．have to add sugar and lemon in it	D．can enjoy sweets at the same time

3. The passage can be found on a (n) ________.

A．newspaper

B．magazine

C．poster

D．website

9 . A heat wave roasted* hundreds of thousands of people across the Pacific Northwest, taking away hundreds of lives. Climate change has made heat waves like this one more frequent and stronger than those from any other point in recorded history.

The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom heat wave kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert from Penn State University. First, your brain sends messages to encourage sweat* production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump* blood to the skin, and at the same time, blood flow is also directed away from your organs like liver, kidneys, and gut. That’s your body trying to make your skin hotter than the air outside and move heat away from you.

If heat stroke* happens, your body might get too hot and send much blood to the skin, as a result, it fails* those important organs in your body. You might require an emergency transplant to survive the organ failure. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal* temperature might start to climb from a normal level of about 98 degrees Fahrenheit to somewhere closer to 104 degrees. At that temperature, the brain becomes affected and you may feel it start as a headache. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. If you are not treated in time, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death. And that’s just part of what we know about how heat wave kills you.

“It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most likely to be harmed,” Kenney said, “That’s because we can’t study it in humans in the laboratory. A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people who have died of heat stroke.”

roast v. 烤；sweat n. 汗液；pump v. （心脏）泵送血液；heat stroke 中暑；fail v. 使……衰竭；internal adj. 体内的

1. Which of the following will happen if a heat wave attacks a person?

A．The skin will produce less sweat.

B．The heart beats will slow down.

C．There will be more blood in the skin.

D．The organs will be more active.

2. What can we do first if heat stroke happens?

A．Prevent organs from failing.	B．Try to cool down the body.
C．Try to treat the headache.	D．Stop sweat from producing.

3. What can we learn from Kenny in the last paragraph?

A．There hasn’t been enough study so far.

B．We should keep studying human deaths.

C．We have already studied on humans.

D．The studies on animal models are useless.

4. Which of the following can be the best title?

A．How heat strokes are developed

B．How we can keep organs work well

C．How we can slow down global warming

D．How heat waves destroy the human body

10 . The jackfruit is a delicious fruit found throughout certain parts of Asia. But there is more to the fruit than just its taste. When considering the fruit’s English name, it is easy to become overwhelmed with questions like: “Who is Jack? And why does he have his own fruit?”

Surprisingly, “jackfruit” isn’t a person’s name at all. The fruit’s name originally comes from the southern Indian word “chakka pazham”, with India thought to be the fruit’s place of origin. Portuguese explorers who journeyed to this region went on to call it “jaca”, which leads us to the current English name of jackfruit, according to NPR. Unfortunately, no one called Jack has been proven to be involved* in this process.

There is another food, however, that was directly named after a person-the sandwich. In the 18th century, playing card games late into the night became fashionable in British high society. John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, started the habit of ordering pieces of cold beef between two pieces of bread in order to get a late-night snack without having to leave the gaming table or use a knife and fork.

This unique snack kept bands clean so card players could continue on without dirtying their cards. The midnight snack quickly became popular with everyday people, and before long everyone was making their own sandwiches. That is how the sandwich was invented and got its name.

Away from the world of food, there are more examples of names inspired by people. Long johns, the warm trousers that keep us warm in winter, are said to have been named after the US boxer John I. Sullivan who took to wearing a similar type of clothes in the match.

There are many other interesting etymologies in the English language like these. So the next time you find an interesting name, why not explore its history too?

1. What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Puzzled.

B．Excited.

C．Worried.

D．Amazed.

2. Where does the jackfruit’s name come from?

A．A place in India.

B．An Indian word.

C．A Portuguese explorer named Jack.

D．The man who discovered the fruit.

3. What do we know about the sandwich, according to the text?

A．It was first popular in the UK’s middle class.

B．It was once eaten as a snack in the daytime.

C．It was named after a popular card game.

D．It was created for the convenience of playing cards.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

A．To introduce things named after people.

B．To raise readers’ interest in etymology.

C．To explain the effects of people’s names on food.

D．To stress the importance of learning history.