1 . Everyone has a family name. But do you know where family names come from? The English writer David McKee tells us in his new book—What is in a family name?
Some family names come from the places of their homes. If a man lives on or next to a hill, his family name may be Hill. In England, people’s name s may be Wood, Lake, because they live next to the wood or lake.
Family name s may come from people’s jobs. If a man is a cook, he may be “Cook”. “Butcher” (屠户) is a man to sell meat. “Farmer” is a man who works on a farm.
Many people get their family names from their fathers’ given names. From the name “Jackson”, we can know that he is the son of Jack. So, when you meet a man with a strange (奇怪的) family name, don’t be surprised.
1. English people often have ________ ways to get their family names.| A．one | B．two | C．four | D．three |
| A．cooks in a restaurant | B．works on a farm | C．lives next to the lake | D．sells meat |
| A．Hill. | B．Butcher. | C．Wood. | D．Lake. |
| A．害怕的 | B．高兴的 | C．惊慌的 | D．惊讶的 |
| A．How do People Get the Baby Name? |
| B．Where do Family Names Come from? |
| C．Who is David McKee? |
| D．How M any Family Names do English People Have? |
2 . Some people don’t like number 13. They don’t think 13 is a lucky or good number. For example, they don’t like to live on the 13th floor.
My friend Mary is one of them. Last week, she asked some friends to her home for her thirty-fifth birthday. All of her friends got to her home. They sat at the table. Then Mary counted, “One, three… oh, my God! There are thirteen people here!” Everybody’s face turned white, “Don’t worry (别担心), dear friends! We have fourteen people here. My wife (妻子) will have a baby next week.”
All of them were happy. “Congratulations (恭喜)!” they said to Mr. and Mrs. Brown. They enjoyed the nice food and had a good time that evening.
1. Which number is not lucky or good?| A．Number 11. | B．Number 12. | C．Number 13. | D．Number 3. |
| A．13. | B．30. | C．33. | D．35. |
| A．Because there were thirteen people. |
| B．Because there were fourteen people. |
| C．Because they didn’t like Mr. Brown. |
| D．Because they didn’t like the baby. |
| A．Mary. | B．Mr. Black. | C．Mr. Brown’s friend. | D．Mrs. Brown. |
| A．In the afternoon. | B．In the evening. |
| C．On June 13th. | D．In the morning. |
3 . How many stars can you see in the night sky? If the answers are “just a few” or “none”, you might be living with light pollution.
Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature and people. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals which sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher Kyba said man-made light is “the biggest change” humans have brought to these animals.
Small animals use darkness to hide from predators (捕食者). But, he said, cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, for example, cats can catch more rats. Then, there will be too many cats and not enough rats to feed them all.
Baby sea turtles are born on beaches in the nighttime. They find the water by the light of the ocean horizon (海平线). Man-made lights lead them away from the ocean. In Florida alone, “Millions… die this way every year,” said the US-based International Dark-Sky Association.
Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in the wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings.
1. The underlined words “these animals” refer to __________.| A．the animals which are friendly to humans | B．the animals which are harmful to humans |
| C．the animals which are sleeping at night | D．the animals which are busy at night |
| A．the man-made light is bad for the balance of nature |
| B．the small animals use man-made light to hide |
| C．the skies near cities are cleaner at night now |
| D．the rats will always be enough to feed the cats |
| A．In the water. | B．On the beaches. |
| C．By the ocean horizon. | D．Away from the ocean. |
| A．die of illness | B．find their way home | C．get lost easily | D．hit into the planes |
| A．a guidebook | B．a magazine |
| C．a cookbook | D．a diary |
Anger is a kind of feeling.
| A．Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry. |
| B．Many things can make you angry. |
| C．Don’t let your anger control you. |
| D．It’s not helpful to talk about your anger with an old person. |
| E．But sometimes you hide your anger. |
| F．Don’t care about your anger. |
| G．When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. |
The first Earth Day was on April 22, 1970. It was in the United States. How did it come into being? A man named Mr. Nelson started it. He wanted people to take care of the earth. People worked on cleaning the land, water and air. Some people picked up trash, other people planted trees and flowers.
The second Earth Day was on April 22, 1990. This time, people all over the world took part in, 2007 organizers in over 150 countries planned over 4,000 big events. But Earth Day is not just about big events. In the week around Earth Day, there are many thousands of smaller local events. People in Australia clean beaches. People in Jordan and Canada plant trees. People in Russia plant gardens. People in Sweden visit farms. People in Japan make soap and postcards out of trash.
These events deal with environmental problems in the neighborhood. The World Wide Fund for Nature makes a list of 5 things that each person could do to save the environment.
Don’t leave the tap (水龙头) running.
Turn off lights when you leave a room.
Turn off your computer every night.
Wash your clothes and yourself, in warm or cold-water, not hot water.
Dishwashers use as little water as possible.
1. The first Earth Day was on April 22, 1970 in the United Kingdom.2. People all over the world took part in the second Earth Day.
3. Earth Day is only about big events.
4. People in Sweden make soap and postcards out of trash.
5. When you take a shower, you had better do it in warm or cold water.
6 . In Chinese culture, gift giving is a way of remembering special days. But there are some taboos (禁忌) on gift giving.
Chinese people usually don’t give a clock to each other. A clock sounds as zhong in Chinese. It means “the end”. So, giving someone a clock means “Your time is up.”
If clocks aren’t OK, maybe buying some fruit is a good idea. But remember not to buy pears. A pear sounds as li in Chinese. That means separation. The umbrella also sounds the same as the word for separation in Chinese. Therefore, pears and umbrellas aren’t good.
If you want to celebrate a happy moment, prepare some flowers. But don’t buy the chrysanthemum (菊花), because it is often used to remember the passing of a loved one.
Four sounds like si in Chinese, which means death (死亡). You shouldn’t give gifts in sets of four. When giving lucky money, the number shouldn’t include a four such as 40 or 400. Chinese people like to give lucky money equal to certain “lucky numbers”. For example,“520”means“I love you”,“1314”means“forever love”, “666”means“hoping everything goes well for you”and“888”means“wishing you wealth”.
At last, it’s better to wrap (包装) your gift with paper in red or other warm colors. Black and white are considered unlucky colors.
1. The underlined word “separation” means ________ in Chinese?| A．分离 | B．团聚 | C．合作 | D．聚会 |
| A．The pear and the clock. | B．The pear and the umbrella. |
| C．The umbrella and the clock. | D．The pear and the chrysanthemum. |
| A．I love you. | B．Forever love. |
| C．Wishing you wealth. | D．Hoping everything goes well for you. |
| A．You’d better wrap your gift with paper in warm colors. |
| B．You can buy your friends the chrysanthemum for her birthday. |
| C．In China, it’s OK to give gifts in sets of four. |
| D．Clock means “the beginning” in Chinese. |
| A．education | B．health | C．culture | D．sports |
7 . People are busy working every day, so they don’t have enough time to do exercises. As a result, many people become too fat. To keep our bodies healthy, we have to do exercises every day.
These are many kinds of exercises. Bending (弯腰) and stretching (伸展) helps us move easily. Before we play ball games or swim, it is better for us to do bending and stretching exercises first. This kind of exercise is sometimes called warm-up exercise. Running is also a good exercise. If we can not run fast, we can jog. Jogging means running slowly. Again, before we run or jog, we must do warm-up exercises. Also, we should not run or jog in busy streets. The air is often dirty. Some people like weightlifting (举重) because it can make their bodies strong, we also need to do some warm-up exercises before weightlifting.
1. ________ makes many people too fat.| A．Eating or drinking too much | B．Having no time to do exercises |
| C．Doing more exercises | D．Reading at home |
| A．run | B．jog | C．work | D．both A and B |
| A．Playing ball games | B．Swimming | C．Bending and stretching | D．Weight lifting |
| A．Because it can make their bodies strong. | B．Because it can make them thin. |
| C．Because it can make them work well. | D．Because they don’t like other exercises. |
| A．Jogging means running quickly | B．Busy streets are not good places for running |
| C．Weight lifting can help us move easily | D．Doing exercises is necessary |
8 . People in different countries have different hobbies.
Japanese like reading. We can see them read everywhere, in the station, on the bus, in the subway and in other public places. Japanese read 40 books on average (平均) every year, while the number in China is only 7.
American people’s hobby is watching TV. When they are free, a family often stay at home and watch TV together. Americans watch TV at least one hour each day. And about 96% of Americans take watching TV as their first hobby.
When you visit England, you may see many people wearing scarves (围巾) with different colors and patterns (图案) in the street and on the bus. They are always talking about a coming soccer game. Watching a soccer game is their common hobby. And different scarves stand for different soccer teams they like.
People in France like music. When they have time, some will stay at home to listen to music. Some choose to go to the theatre to enjoy an opera or a concert.
1. We can always see people ________ in the subway in Japan.| A．sleep | B．read | C．talk | D．eat |
| A．clean the house | B．read newspapers | C．watch TV | D．work in the garden |
| A．keep warm | B．take a bus easily |
| C．make them look more beautiful | D．support (支持) the soccer team they like |
| A．Chinese read 7 books on average every year. |
| B．People in the USA watch TV at least one hour each day. |
| C．France people like going to the movie when they’re free. |
| D．Watching a soccer game is people’s common hobby in England. |
| A．different eating habits | B．people’s hobbies |
| C．people’s favorite music | D．different sports |
9 . As we all know, sugar painting has a very long history. It always plays a necessary role in our childhood which is a traditional Chinese form of folk art, and it used hot, liquid sugar to create figures. This delicious snack was the most popular among the children in the past.
In and around the southwestern part of China, one can often find folk artists producing sugar paintings with liquid sugar along the streets, in the parks and around the schools.
The artists sit before a table on which there is a board in the middle. On the side of the table is another board painted with different kinds of pictures in a circle such as a dragon, bird, dog and so on.
After paying about 5 jiao, or 1 to 2 yuan, the customers, usually kids, can choose one from the pictures for the sugar painting artist to make with sugar.
Before painting, the painter cooks white sugar to get liquid sugar for sugar painting. Then, the liquid sugar falls down from a big spoon as a thin line onto the board and after a short while an “animal” appears. At last the painter puts a wooden stick on the painting and gives it to the customer. Most kids would be excited to see the sweet art shining in gold under the sun.
As a special art for producing pictures of sugar, sugar painting is very different from common painting. First, since the hot liquid sugar could be hard if it cools, the painter has to produce his/her work very quickly. So the painter has to draw a continuous line into a picture of an animal. To learn the whole thing, the painter has to do some practice of common painting in the first place.
1. The underlined word “liquid” in Paragraph 1 means “________” in Chinese.| A．奶油的 | B．陈年的 | C．液体的 | D．固体的 |
| A．Teachers | B．Artists | C．Parents | D．Children |
| A．do practice of common painting | B．cook to get the liquid sugar |
| C．put a stick on the sugar painting | D．draw an animal on the board |
| A．A cultural introduction. | B．A weather report. |
| C．A travel guide. | D．A sugar advertisement. |
| A．A Sweet Art—Sugar Painting | B．How to Make Sugar Paintings |
| C．Customers’ Favorite Paintings | D．An Art in the Southwest of China |
Self-disciplined（自律的）people are not all excellent people. But nearly all excellent people are self-disciplined people. Some of them read every day. Some of them never get late. The real difference between an elite（精英）person and an ordinary person is that an elite person can manage his or her time well. That’s where the success comes from. What people call self-management is in fact self-discipline.
One example is staying healthy. Never underestimate（低估）someone who is in good shape. Anyone who has ever tried to lose weight knows that it’s not easy. It’s even harder to avoid putting weight back on. If someone is in good shape, it means that this person is good at managing themselves and their time. Whether it is natural or acquired（后天的）, it is a great skill. It also shows that this person is able to keep persevering and can balance long term-goals with short-term goals. So if someone is in good shape, he or she is far more than just healthy.
How can you learn self-management? First of all, set a goal and write down your reasons for wanting to achieve it. Create a list of all the things you need to do to achieve this goal and start to work on them one at a time. With self-discipline, small things in life will no longer trouble you. Only through self-discipline can you truly own your future.
1. Nearly all excellent people are good at ________.| A．playing sports | B．self-management | C．loving music | D．learning dancing |
| A．He is a person that dislikes sports. | B．He is a person that likes meat. |
| C．He is an outgoing person. | D．He is a person that has principles. |
| A．坚定不移的 | B．懒惰的 | C．易变的 | D．顽固不化的 |
| A．Everyone has own life goal. | B．Managing ourselves is natural not acquired. |
| C．Self-discipline can help you truly own your future. | D．We can’t achieve our goals in the future. |
| A．How to keep healthy | B．How to learn self-management |
| C．How to read books | D．How to achieve own goals |
