1 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.

1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

2. Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment?

A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.

B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.

C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.

D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.

3. What does the underlined word “notion” mean?

A．Effect.

B．Goal.

C．Opinion.

D．Question

4. What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service?

A．They can help ease depression symptoms.

B．They are the best way to treat depression.

C．They only work for those with serious depression.

D．They can help people completely recover from depression.

3 . When Tony took up running as a hobby he was 42 years old. Now 42 years later he’s a national champion and a world record holder.

He never imagined at the age of 84 this is where he’d be, but then he doesn’t meet many people in their 80s who are out training four times a week.

“I can see it’s a bit unusual, yes. But it’s been my life,” he told the reporter. The retired officer runs at a track near his home in Leeds.

At an event in Italy last month he set a world record in the 80 metres hurdles（跨栏）with a time of under 17 seconds. But he sees no reason to slow down and his ambition（雄心）is still to be competing when he passes a hundred.

“I probably won’t be doing a crouch start（蹲式起跑）, but it’s only 16 years away,” he joked. Like anyone his age, he’s had health problems. He’s had a string of severe heart attacks, but doctors have told him as long as it makes him feel good, he should carry on running.

“I can’t let my heart get in the way of my training. When I am sprinting I have to give it my absolute all. My heart is the last thing on my mind. ” he said.

He trains every other day, dances and plays hockey and he recently cuts down on alcohol （酒精）and chocolate. He said “ I’ve heard alcohol can lead to dementia and I don’t want that. I’ve cut down to one glass of wine every other day. I now have to stay as fit as I can be to keep up my lifestyle.”

Tony’s next birthday is next September. And the first thing he wants to do is become the world’s fastest 85-year-old.

1. What will Tony do after the competition in Italy?

A．He decides to slow down.

B．He decides to retire as an officer.

C．He plans on running until he’s 100.

D．He plans to compete in the 100 metres hurdles.

2. What do the doctors suggest to Tony?

A．Continuing to run if he feels good.

B．Stopping running to treat his heart disease.

C．Trying to run as fast as he can.

D．Cutting down on alcohol and chocolate.

3. Which of the following best describes Tony?

A．Imaginative.

B．Positive.

C．Caring.

D．Helpful.

4. What’s the best title of the text?

A．The Fastest Man in the World.

B．The World’s Fastest 100-year-old.

C．A National Champion and a World Record Holder.

D．Granddad Crowned Fastest 84-year-old in the World.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。

All sports people are under a lot of pressure to win. In the past, athletes only trained to get physically fit. Today, sports psychologists use scientific techniques     1    (help) athletes get spiritually fit too.

British player Johnny Wilkinson described some of the pressure he     2    (feel). He played very well at the 2003 World Cup but after that he couldn’t play well. He found that he had a terrible fear of failure. With the help of sports psychologists, he realized that reality changes     3    (depend) on how we look at it and then everything went better.

In team sports, psychologists help players in different ways, one of     4    is to create a team spirit. “A team     5    (make) up of a certain number of players, just like a monster with many heads. It’s very difficult to get all of players, who have different     6    (personal), to think in the same way,     7    when you see a team that works as a unit, everything happens     8    (easy),” said Professor Dave Collins, a sports psychologist. “When there is a team spirit, the players all take responsibility and also they don’t blame individual players     9    mistakes. In this way, they all feel more confident and can concentrate better, and so the achievement is     10    (great) too. ”

5 . The M3 Challenge is a contest that gives high schoolers the chance to experience working as a team to deal with a practical problem within limited time. The challenge is meant to give high schoolers a sense of the kinds of problems faced by professional mathematicians working in the real world. Students who are gifted at coding (编程) might consider this competition since extra credit awards are available for teams who include outstanding code as part of their solution.

High school juniors and seniors from anywhere in the U. S. are welcome to participate in the M3 Challenge. Teams of students must consist of three to five people and at least one teacher-coach. Another cool thing? The M3 Challenge is. entirely online until the final round, and there are no participation fees !.

At the end of the M3 Challenge, six teams are identified and invited to present their work in New York City. The finalist teams are also eligible to receive cash awards, which are as follows:

◆ M3 Challenge Champions (Summa Cum Laude Team Prize) $ 20,000

◆ M3 Challenge Runner Up (Magna Cum Laude Team Prize) $ 15,000

◆ M3 Challenge Third Place (Cum Laude Team Prize) $ 10,000

◆ M3 Challenge Finalist (Meritorious Team Prize) $ 5,000 (3 teams)

In addition to these top prizes, there are also awards in the amount of $ 1,500 and $ 1,000 for semi-finalist and honorable mention teams respectively. Finally, Challenge finalists, semi-finalists, and honorable mention teams may be invited to submit applications for summer internships in STEM.

1. What's the purpose of the M3 Challenge?

A．To promote coding.

B．To select math professionals.

C．To solve difficult math problems.

D．To enrich high schoolers' knowledge.

2. Which of the following will lead to disqualification?

A．Having only one coach in a team.

B．Coming from a remote U. S. state.

C．Including eight students in a team.

D．Failing to pay the participation fees.

3. How much is the cash prize for honorable mention teams?

A．$ 1,000.

B．$ 1,500.

C．$ 5,000.

D．$ 10,000.

6 . Winter is often a low point for outdoor lovers, as cold weather pushes them indoors. However, winter can be a beautiful time of year for a winter trail（小路）walk.     1    

Generally, winter walking presents dangers.     2     You will need to wear   appropriate clothing and always you have proper footwear for your winter walking.

Above all, you should dress warmly. The best way to dress for cold weather exercise is to wear more layers（层）. When you warm up from the exercise, you can take off layers so you will never become over-heated.       3    Wear clothes that are waterproof and breathable. In addition always have a good hat and a pair of gloves, one of the most effective ways to pre-serve body heat.

Shoes are a very important aspect of winter walking.   Instead of using regular shoes on a winter walk, consider trying a pair of snowshoes, a fun way to enjoy your trail.     4    With snowshoes, you will still need to wear good waterproof shoes. With a good pair of snowshoes, you will be able to explore much more of your trail and the surrounding area during the winter.

    5    Spend some time finding a trail that is open and safe to walk on during the winter. If you can’t find a trail that fits your requirements, you can come up with an alternative plan. Walk around your local neighborhoods to view the holiday lights or go to your local park where you will probably find some sort of walking trail that is accessible during the winter.

A．Nor will you suffer from being too cold.

B．It may even rain while you are out walking.

C．You may find your favorite trails closed during the winter.

D．You will be more steady on the snow and get a better workout.

E．Why not continue to spend time outside, taking winter trail walks?

F．A trail that normally gets lots of traffic may be empty during the winter.

G．The severer the weather is, the more careful you need to be when walking.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At a gymnasium in downtown Beijing, a group of young enthusiasts are training and practicing the     1    (tradition) martial art of shuai jiao, which is native       2    China. The style of close combat fighting, also     3    (know) as Chinese wrestling, dates back thousands of years. It     4    (consider) by some experts as the origin of modern throwing sports such as judo. In recent years it has started to regain popularity with martial arts practitioners in the capital.

Hu Wannian started practicing shuai jiao at the age of 6. In 2016, he founded a wrestling club,     5    helped him promote the martial art at     6     open area in his residential complex in Beijing. At first, the tough conditions stopped many parents from     7    (allow) their children to join Hu's club. So far, the 62-year-old     8    （train) 50 students.

Yang Fan,28,is one of Hu's female     9    （student).“Very few girls practice Chinese-style wrestling," she said."But it has     10    （great) improved my athletic ability."

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

"Pick up the pace!" said Amy's husband. "But I can't!" Amy said, her heart beating quickly inside. "I can't go any faster! Her husband encouraged her. "Yes, you can! You're making progress every day.”

To help Amy stay healthy, her husband had been running with her for over two years. Several years ago, Amy could barely walk down the stairs of her apartment building due to fatness caused by eating disorders. She realized the problem after a failed job interview and began walking to improve her ability to move. At first, she could walk for only 15 minutes at a time. But she pushed herself every day, walking 5 minutes longer than she did the day before until she walked for an hour and eventually two. For three years, Amy kept her walking habit, slowly and painstakingly building her body shape. Then she changed her walking shoes to running shoes about two years ago and became an excellent runner.

In March 2001, an advertisement invited people to nominate（提名）an ordinary person who inspired them to bring the Olympic flame to Salt Lake City as torch bearers（火炬手）or support runners.（Support runners serve as “guardians of the flame" and run with torch bearers along the journey.）Amy's experiences touched her husband, so he nominated her to be a torch bearer. The possibility to be selected was low, but Amy wanted to try.

Running taught Amy the importance of training for a race. She pictured herself running a race and crossing the finish line. For months, she ran through her neighborhood carrying a broken-off broom handle, feeling the weight of the torch. She waved at her neighbors, pretending they were cheering crowds. She also printed a picture of a torch bearer wearing the white uniform, replaced the face with a picture of hers, and put it onto her refrigerator door.

Every day, Amy imagined herself as a torch bearer. She was training for a historic running event. On September 26th, while on her daily run through her neighborhood, an express package arrived.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
       Amy opened it and found a letter and a book on the Olympics.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:

       "One of today's torch bearers can't run her part, " announced the relay organizer.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . 阅读下面材料， 在空白处填写 l 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。

On a quiet morning, about 70 people were practicing the ancient art of tai chi, outside of the library in Salt Lake City, Utah. They are not    1     well-trained   group of exercisers,   but rather a class of participants who are    2    (most) homeless. The class focuses    3     (little) on mastering the exercise and more on    4    (build) a community. People have said the class relieves their stress, encourages them to get into a routine and make new friends.

Bernie   and Marita Hart, a    5    (retire) couple, began to run the free program   three years ago. They started it by approaching   homeless people    6     were pushing grocery carts near the Salt Lake City Public Library and inviting them to try    7     Hart said her   favorite part of the program has been watching the friendships among participants. They love seeing the positive impact the class    8    (have) on people's lives.

When the Harts are out of town, tai chi does not stop. Attendees take turns teaching the classes.

"Homeless people    9    (tell) what to do every place they go, but we want to encourage them   to   be    10    (leader)," Bernie   Hart   said. "They   don't   need   sympathy,   they   need something that works."

10 . Improving as a runner is about more than just running all of the time.    1    In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits.

    2    It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly challenging runs and gradually increasing difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. It is during these difficult runs，when you really push yourself, that your body snakes the most significant gains.    3    Rather, it is helping rebuild and relax the muscles needed for your big runs.

Keep a relaxed but strong upper body to conserve energy efficiently. You want to keep your chin(下巴)up and your shoulders back, with loose, relaxed arm and hand muscles. Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything, the only muscles you want to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心).    4    

Use your light run to work up a light sweat. A higher body temperature ensures your muscles are loose and flexible, and your body is pumping blood effectively throughout. For everything other than easy runs, use the first five to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise.    5    Slowly pick up speed for short 10 second runs, then return to normal warm-up pace. This helps prepare your muscles for speed.

A．Don't feel like an easy day is "cheating".

B．Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rapidly.

C．Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.

D．"Warming up" truly means you want to warm up your body.

E．You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.

F．That's because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy.

G．Remember to relax your face and neck muscles instead of tensing them