1 . The butterfly, which is competitive swimming’s newest stroke (划水), was developed in the mid-1930s, but it wasn’t allowed in the Olympics until 1956. The story of the butterfly is a good illustration of how coaches and swimmers are constantly searching for ways to improve stroke efficiency.
During the 1920s, the Japanese Olympic coaches used underwater photography to research stroke mechanics, and their efforts paid off when Japanese competitors won five of the six men’s swimming gold medals at the 1932 Games in Los Angeles.
It was a wake-up call to the rest of the swimming world, and one of the top US coaches – David Armbruster at the University of Iowa – began doing his own filming.
Armbruster was seeking to make the breaststroke faster. He knew that the action of bringing their arms forward underwater slowed breaststrokes down, so he came up with a method of bringing the arms forward over the water. The revised stroke (he kept the breaststroke kick) brought great improvements in speed.
The following year, Jack Sieg, an Iowa swimmer, developed a technique involving swimming on his side and beating his legs in unison (一致) similar to a fish tail. As Armbruster later explained in the book Weissmuller to Spitz: The History and Background of the Olympic Games: “Sieg tried the same action while swimming face down. Sieg synchronized his leg action with the butterfly arm action using two leg beats to each arm pull.” But the kick was ruled illegal because the legs moved in the vertical (垂直的) plane.
Within a few years, nearly every breaststroker was using this overarm butterfly action without the kick. The pure butterfly wasn’t legalized for some two decades, but at the 1956 Olympics in Melbourne ‘the fly’ became an official event.
1. The best title of the article is _____.| A．Why did the coaches and swimmers improve stroke efficiency? |
| B．How did the butterfly come into being? |
| C．How did the Japanese wake up the swimming world? |
| D．When did ‘the fly’ become an official event? |
| A．wake up the swimming world |
| B．be paid more money |
| C．know how to be a mechanic. |
| D．improve stroke efficiency. |
| A．15 | B．20 | C．30 | D．35 |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
The best advice I received in my childhood was from my dad. He always gives me some advice, but I seldom took it seriously. One day he was encouraged me to participate a speech competition. So I signed up and after the competition, I did my best to be fully prepared. And the moment I stood on the stage, I was such nervous that my mind completely went blankly. The experience of lose a competition was really painful. Then, my dad said, “My son, life is like a battlefield. You have to lose many time to win the final victory.” Thanks to her advice, I never give up when I do anything.
3 . The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.
Running on the beach can be a good thing. It’s certainly different from running on a track or a pavement. For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven(不平坦的) surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement. But this unevenness has an upside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. For example, your feet, ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.
You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope (倾斜) down to the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.
Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot-- not wearing anything on feet. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and don’t run long distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet. If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!
Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you, because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.
1. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters? ________| A．The soft surface makes people fall over easily. |
| B．It’s hard to keep one’s balance on its hard surface. |
| C．People need to run carefully on its smooth surface. |
| D．Running on its uneven surface takes much effort. |
| A．Challenge. | B．Advantage. | C．Reason. | D．Character. |
| A．Positive. | B．Critical. | C．Doubtful. | D．Uncaring. |
| A．a primary school textbook | B．a tourist guide |
| C．a sports magazine | D．a scientific report |
The official medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games
The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact
Each medal
Gaining
1. 运动健儿取得优异成绩的原因；
2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 词数：不少于100词。
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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Tuesday afternoon, an English speech contest, its theme was “My dream of becoming a scientist”, held in our school on the playground. 25 participants on total took part in the contest, including I. We were told that the top three competitors would be awarded. All of us made preparations for it and gave wonderful performance. The competition was very fiercely. Our fluent English and fresh ideas draw applause from the audience from time to time. What I won first prize surprised my classmates. I think the contest is not only a good chance for us students to expressing ourselves, but also an inspiration for us who want to get involved in the science and technology.
1. 时间和地点；
2. 运动会过程；
3. 个人感受。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
提示词：趣味运动会fun sports meeting 两人三足the three-legged race
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8 . Yoga is an age-old practice that stretches the body and calms the mind. By performing a series of poses, called asanas, Yoga practitioners make themselves more flexible and relaxed. These results in lower blood pressure, a decrease in stress, and healthy muscles.
Let's get started from the most basic pose --- Mountain Pose. Standing barefoot on an anti-slip mat, put your feet side by side so that the basis of your big toes are touching.
| A．It can be hard to balance in this way. |
| B．Hold that pose and breathe in and out. |
| C．Then you can try out Cat to Cow Pose. |
| D．Perform these poses every day, if you can. |
| E．But beyond its health benefits, yogurt has a lot of fun. |
| F．If the stress hurts pull back and lie down slowly on the mat. |
| G．Stand comfortably and adjust your feet till they feel good against the mat. |
1. 全民健身的意义; 2. 具体的健身方法; 3. 号召全民健身。
注意∶
1. 词数100左右; 2. 题目已为你写好。
National Fitness
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1.十四运的概况；2.十四运给西安带来的变化；3.你的感受。
要求必须使用句型：1.现在分词作状语；2.it作形式主语；3.虚拟语气。
注意：1.可以适当增加细节，使结构完整。
2.词数100左右。
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