1. When was the first real newspaper started?
| A．In 1609. | B．In 1665. | C．In 1704. |
| A．Germany. | B．England. | C．America. |
| A．Strassburg Relation. | B．The New York Sun. | C．The Boston News-Letter. |
| A．It only cost a dollar. |
| B．It was called The London Gazette. |
| C．It was the first one to have advertisements. |
| 立场 | 理由 |
| 赞成 | ◆电子书（electronic books）方便、便宜； ◆电子书环保。 |
| 反对 | ◆人们的传统阅读习惯很难改变； ◆读纸质书对眼睛危害小。 |
| 你的观点 | …… |
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3 . On January 15th, the Guardian showed off its new, smaller look, shifting from its distinctive “Berliner” format to a tabloid(娱乐小报) shape with a redesigned logo in black type. But the more dramatic makeover is of the financial books of Guardian Media Group (GMG), publisher of the Sunday Observer and the daily Guardian, which may find its new operation in the black next financial year. A newspaper business that two years ago was threatened with existentially worrying losses appears on the edge of breaking even.
The turnaround is partly due to steep cost-cutting, which is a dog-bites-man story in journalism. But the Guardian would manage the achievement while still giving away news free online, and that is a story worth telling.
In January 2016 David Pemsel, the new chief executive of GMG, and Katharine Viner, the new editor-in-chief of the Guardian, informed staff that GMG’s endowment fund, meant to ensure the financial security of the paper in the long run, had lost £100m ($140m) in just half a year, taking it to £740m. Mr Pemsel was advised by industry peers to cut costs and put online news behind a paywall. He and Ms Viner cut costs by 20%, or more than £50m. Alan Rusbridger, Ms Viner’s predecessor(前任), had led the newspaper to global relevance with a large online readership. But he spent without thinking of the consequences. In two years GMG has reduced its employees by 400, to about 1,500.
Yet unlike a growing number of newspapers, the Guardian has not put up a paywall. Instead it has pursued a membership model, asking online readers to contribute whatever they like. About 600,000 now do, with annual payments or one-off amounts. American readers tend to choose the latter option, Ms Viner says. GMG says the total figure amounts to tens of millions of pounds per year. Ms Viner says revenue from readers (including 200,000 print subscribers) is now greater than revenue from advertisers.
The result is steadily declining operating losses: from £69m two years ago to £45m last financial year and, Mr Pemsel says, less than £25m in the year that ends on April 1st. He predicts breaking even next year. Giving up its own printing presses and going tabloid will help, saving several million pounds a year. The Guardian may now physically look more like its peers, but its turnaround story remains distinctive.
1. The phrase “in the black”(Paragraph 1) most probably means ______.| A．making profit | B．taking on a new look |
| C．losing support | D．enjoying great popularity |
| A．He advised GMG to cost costs. |
| B．He got the Guardian into trouble. |
| C．He was the founder of GMG’s endowment fund. |
| D．He was fired due to his failure to bring the Guardian online. |
| A．To pay as they like. | B．To skip the advertisements. |
| C．To join its membership club. | D．To connect to other newspapers. |
| A．The Guardian has been reduced to a tabloid. |
| B．The Guardian succeeds by giving away news free online. |
| C．The Guardian turns around by looking more likes its peers. |
| D．The Guardian has broken even by cutting its operation costs. |
4 . The London Book Fair
Time and Location
The London Book Fair will take place 18 — 20 June, 2023, Olympia London.
Children’s & Young Adult
Our Children’s & Young Adult section traditionally welcomes the leading names in the field to exhibit. These companies enjoy noisy passageways full of visitors and benefit from the opportunity to increase brand awareness. However, any children under 16 are not allowed to be at The London Book Fair.
Authors & Self-Publishing
Author HQ, which consists of a theatre and networking area, is one of our most popular features, attracting great interest from the self-publishing community. Meanwhile, our Author of the Day programme helps bring writers face-to-face with bestselling authors who will share their journey to publication during a special series of talks at the fair.
Technology and Publishing Solutions
All the new ways to treat content are found in the Tech area at LBF, located in the National Gallery of Olympia. Whether it is an app, game, mobile development or enhanced eBook — or a development not yet launched — the Tech area is its home. To keep the creativity flowing, there is a dedicated Buzz Bar in the heart of the Tech area for those all-important networking meetings.
BA Members
BA Members attend the fair for FREE and receive a number of key benefits, making the fair a more accessible, cost-effective and highly relevant event for booksellers. Simply click here to find out more about becoming a BA member and take advantage of this offer.
If you have any further difficulties, please contact our Customer Services team who will be happy to help.
1. Who will be welcomed by the London Book Fair?| A．A mother with a kid. | B．A green hand writer. |
| C．A primary school student. | D．A visitor getting to London in July. |
| A．Apply for BA members. | B．Attend networking meetings. |
| C．Increase brand awareness. | D．Contact Customer Services team. |
| A．A textbook. |
| B．A newspaper. |
| C．A website. |
| D．A fashion magazine. |
5 . From a heart-warming read about an unlikely friendship to a guidebook uncovering the surprising science of walking, here are four books you won’t want to miss this month.
52 Ways to Walk: The Surprising Science of Walking for Wellness and Joy, One Week at a Time by Annabel Streets (Out now)
We’re all familiar with the wonderful physical benefits that come with walking. Maybe you feel relieved from stress after taking a wander outside, or maybe you’ve seen your sleeping routine improve as a result. As impressive as this is, there is so much more to walking that most of us have vet to explore. In Annabel Streets’ informative handbook, she digs into the lesser known benefits of walking, such as why a slow relaxing walk alone strengthens our memories, or why walking in woodlands makes you sleep soundly at night which helps you rediscover the joy found in this simple act.
Milk Street: Cook What You Have: Make A Meal Out of Almost Anything by Christopher Kimball (Out now)
Do you ever have those nights when the contents of your cupboards are empty, and you’re too tired to go shopping? Cook What You Have is here to show you how to make hearty, warming meals from the leftover items and everyday essentials that you already have, with over 225 delicious recipes(食谱)to choose from.
Moon Yoga: Poses, Flows, and Rituals to Help You Move With the Moon by Lisa Hood (Out 5, January)
Go on a spiritual journey with yoga instructor Lisa Hood, and discover how to use the moon’s energy for enhanced wellbeing. This beautifully explanatory and insightful guide is packed with yoga flows and journaling instructions.
The Reading List by Sara Nisha Adams (Out now)
Heart-warming and uplifting, The Reading List is a story of an unlikely friendship between a man grieving(悲痛)the loss of his wife, and an anxious teenager trying to overcome the difficulty in life. Could a wrinkled list of books be the key to helping them find comfort in the next chapter of their lives?
1. What does 52 Ways to Walk mainly talk about?| A．The benefits of walking. | B．The joy of walking. |
| C．The best place to walk. | D．The best time to walk. |
| A．They both have instructors. |
| B．They have both been published |
| C．They are both related to our health. |
| D．They can both help us find the joy of exercise. |
| A．Milk Street | B．The Reading List |
| C．Moon Yoga | D．52 Ways to Walk |
| 观点 | 理由 |
| 纸质报纸有存在的意义 | 可以随时阅读，不受时间限制； 版面大，字大，阅读方便； 内容的可信度相对较高。 |
| 纸质报纸没有存在的意义 | 携带不方便;不环保。 |
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Whether printed newspapers should exist?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7 . BACK ISSUES
JUNE 2020
Full results of the BBC Music Magazine Awards, plus interviews with all winners. Plus Schubert’s Die schöne Müllerin on your CD.
JULY 2020
An exclusive (独家的) interview with cellist Yo-Yo Ma as he returns to bluegrass, plus Ravel’s ballet Daphnis et Chloé on the cover CD.
AUGUST 2020
A 125th anniversary (周年纪念日) celebration of the people who shaped the Proms, plus Prokofiev’s Symphony No. 5 on the cover CD.
UP TO 30% OFF FOR SUBSCRIBERS (订购者)
1. We’re sorry, but issues of BBC Music published more than 12 months ago are no longer being sold.
2. BBC Music Magazine and CD slipcases (硬盒) are perfect for storing your collection. Subscribers can save up to 30% when ordering both together.
To order call 03330 162 118
BACK ISSUE PRICES
| SUBSCRIBERS | NON-SUBSCRIBERS |
| UK — £4.48 per copy | UK — £5.60 per copy |
| Europe — £5.28 per copy | Europe — £6.60 per copy |
| Rest of the world — £6.08 per copy | Rest of the world — £7.60 per copy |
SUBSCRIBERS
| LOCATION | MAGAZINE & CD HOLDER Save 30% | MAGAZINE HOLDER Save 20% | CD HOLDER Save 20% |
| UK | £11.50 | £6.80 | £6.40 |
| Europe | £14.00 | £8.00 | £7.15 |
| Rest of the world | £16.20 | £9.15 | £8.75 |
| LOCATION | MAGAZINE & CD HOLDER | MAGAZINE HOLDER | CD HOLDER |
| UK | £16.50 | £8.50 | £8.00 |
| Europe | £20.02 | £10.00 | £9.00 |
| Rest of the world | £23.25 | £11.50 | £11.00 |
| A．It lists those winning the BBC Music Magazine Awards. |
| B．It is a special issue about an anniversary celebration. |
| C．It reports an interview with only one musician. |
| D．It collects the stories of many musicians. |
| A．Issues published over a year ago are not offered. |
| B．People must order magazines and CDs together. |
| C．Only people in the UK can enjoy the low price. |
| D．All of the issues have 30% off. |
| A．£10.00. | B．£8.00. |
| C．£6.80. | D．£6.60. |
8 . The culture of newspaper reading in the United Kingdom started in the19th century. The number of the newspapers circulated daily peaked during the early 21st century. Here are four well-known ones.
The Sun
The Sun is a popular newspaper, which was established in 1964 and bought by Rupert Murdoch’s News International Company in 1969. It is filled with the jokes about heads of state and major events both inside and outside Britain such as mayor’s trousers not being tied properly, politicians sleeping during conferences and so on. Its lively and popular style just meets the taste of the lower classes. The majority of The Sun’s readers are in the age group of 15-34 years. Now its annual circulation has reached 23,100,000 copies.
Metro
Metro is a free tabloid (小报) newspaper distributed from Monday to Friday, which was established in 1999. Metro is published by NMG group and is distributed throughout the United Kingdom. It has gained popularity over time and also has a digital platform. The features section covers a variety of articles including lifestyle, home, science, and health. This variety of content attracts readers from various walks of life.
Daily Mail
Daily Mail, compared to The Sun, is a little more serious. It was established in 1896. Reading Daily Mail can not only understand major political and economic events, but also read some relaxing and helpful contents. Well-known for female favorite topics, it is extremely popular with middle-class housewives.
The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper that was founded in 1821 in London, UK. The Guardian receives average daily readers of about 1.03 million with 126,879 in daily newspapers circulated. The paper focuses on politics, policy, business, and international relations. Their coverage includes News and Opinion, Sports, Culture, Lifestyle, Podcasts, and more.
1. Who may be the target readers of The Sun according to the text?| A．Elderly people. | B．Middle-class men. | C．Lower classes. | D．Scientists. |
| A．The Sun. | B．Daily Mail. | C．The Guardian. | D．Metro. |
| A．World Cup finals. | B．Jogging methods. |
| C．Sino-France relations. | D．Gossip news. |
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10 . Mass communication is a very broad field which includes advertising, mass promotion, political campaigns, public relations, mass education and even the way you interact with other people. It covers just about everything you do in your daily life. Some characteristics of mass communication are: communication, information overload, group effort and feedback. There are some more that are less often mentioned but are just as important as the ones that have been listed above.
The most basic feature of communication is interaction. Interaction takes the form of communication where you can interpret what someone is trying to say. For example, when a person says “How are you?” and you respond in a loud voice or in a concerned manner, it’s considered interaction.
Another characteristic of mass communication that you’ll come across is a large number of receivers. When communicating with a group of people, it is important to keep in mind that each receiver will bring different characteristics to the table when communicating. Different receivers will take up different topics and bring a different set of characteristics to the table. In some cases, you will need to communicate with many different types of receiver in order for your communication ideas to be fully expressed and taken into full effect. You should therefore consider the characteristics of your receivers when planning your communication strategies.
New media is also impacting communication. Each type of new medium has diverse different ways in which it can deliver messages. You can make use of several types of communication in many cases and reach a wide range of target audiences. For example, you can use the Internet in order to communicate with your audience. As a result, the amount of information also in turn becomes too much for the human mind to process in a timely and effective manner. This overload is not only unsound, but it also tends to make people impatient, which finally takes the form of arguments and other types of exchanges that are based on facts, assumptions or personal experiences. However, although you may have to deal with some constraints, the Internet is still a very powerful tool that should not be ignored.
1. What role does the example given by the author in the second paragraph play?| A．Explain the importance of politeness. |
| B．Explain the concept of interaction. |
| C．Explain the characteristics of communication. |
| D．Explain what body language is. |
| A．Because communicators have many different characteristics on the dinner table. |
| B．So that your ideas can be accurately expressed and play a role. |
| C．In order to better improve your communication strategy. |
| D．Because the receivers have different views on different topics. |
| A．Because there are too many types of communication. |
| B．Because people have different experiences. |
| C．Because the new media is not perfect. |
| D．Because overloaded information is boring. |
| A．Uncaring. | B．Indifferent. |
| C．Objective. | D．Subjective. |
