1 . Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly (有规律的). Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的).

The earthquake which was talked about most in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.

Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.

In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.

One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.

Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for earthquakes.

1. Earthquakes happen ________.

A．in all the places in the world

B．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains

C．regularly in most places in the world

D．only in a few places along the coast

2. When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported?

A．In 1964 in Alaska.

B．In 1556 in China.

C．In 1923 in Japan.

D．In 1976 in China.

3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed.

B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly (出乎意料地).

C．Earthquakes can cause fires.

D．People still don’t know how to tell when an earthquake will come.

4. What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph?

A．How do earthquakes worry people?

B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes?

C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen?

D．How do earthquakes happen?

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing     1     ruins. Nearly everything in the city    2     (destroy). About 75percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were    3     (go). Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow     4     (they) away. Most bridges     5     (fall)or were not safe to cross. The railway     6     (track) were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens     7     (be) dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake     8     (shake)Tangshan again. Even more buildings     9     (fall) down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster     10     last.

4 . Universities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more eco-friendly.

Recycle everything, especially paper!

There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through every term.     1     We know that these things can’t be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.

Buy green.

    2     Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be bought as recycled goods. They’re slightly more expensive than the normal products, but they’re worth buying to make a green campus.

Walk and bike to school.

Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become a more eco-friendly campus,have pretty good public transit (公共交通系统).     3     Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.

    4    

A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. This will protect the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus.

Buy used clothing.

It is usually thought of as something to do to save money.     5     Recycling clothes minimizes the amount of resources to make clothing and puts a dent in the problem of worldwide sweatshops.

A．Carry a water bottle.

B．It is also good for the environment!

C．Buy as many recycled products as possible.

D．Paper made of this kind of wood is much stronger.

E．On top of that, almost all universities are pedestrian (步行者) friendly.

F．It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on.

G．Universities call on all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper.

5 . 根据课文内容填空（每空1～3词）

The awful night     1    , and the dawn greyly broke on THE LACT DAY OF POMPEII! The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with     2    , a huge cloud shooting from the top of the volcano. It took the form of a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! This fire moved and changed in colour with every moment: now it was wildly bright, now of a     3    red, and now again it burnt with     4    .

The cries of women     5     ; the men looked at each other, but were silent. At that moment, they felt the earth shaking     6    ; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of     7    . A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them, cark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noisy crash in     8    —fell that awful shower!

Each turned to fly—each running pressing pushing against the other. If, in the darkness, wife     9    husband, or parent room child, there was no hope of their meeting again. Each     10    and fearfully on. So came the earthquake...and so ended life in Pompeii.

7 . Several years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, and then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. He had not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants (煤炭工厂) were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody was taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we’re looking for.

“Thank you, but no thank you.” says Ralph King, a climate scientist. He told Grey Childs, author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, “but there are other things we need to deal with, like consumption (消费). They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to the glacier. ”This experiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed (解决，处理) without changing human behavior. . It can’t. Technology won’t give us a free ride (搭便车).

Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone in her prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims; we will be climate choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives, the engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. But what then? "Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver (颤抖) down my back”, Grey Childs writes, “Something sounds wrong about it.”

Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itself. I guess one day we will have to run the place, but for the moment, sitting at my desk. looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling. I’m happy not to be in charge.

1. What does Ralph King think of Jason Box’s experiment?

A．It’s a possible solution to climate change.

B．It’s a misleading attempt to fix the climate.

C．It’s a successful experiment on saving the glacier.

D．It arouses people’s attention to the problem of global warming.

2. Which statement would Kelly Smith most probably agree with?

A．The fight against climate change will not succeed.

B．Humans will succeed in controlling climate in the future.

C．Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost.

D．Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.

3. What is Grey Childs’s attitude to human’s controlling the climate?

A．Supportive.	B．Tolerant (容忍的).
C．Sceptical (怀疑的).	D．Unclear.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．Should we fix the climate with technology?	B．Is climate change a threatening problem?
C．Why is the earth climate getting worse?	D．What if all the glaciers disappeared?

8 . If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit, right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of waste banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin and aluminum (铝) cans last up to100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.

Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment, we can’t only measure the severity (严重) of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading span, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s mouse population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an astonishing 500 percent.

It’s not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers spent £500 million on keeping the streets clean. So, it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping, you could face a £20, 000 fine. Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2, 000 were punished out of 825, 000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules.

To take back our beautiful cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need to care more about the world around us.

1. Which of the following is the easiest to decompose in the passage?

A．A glass bottle.

B．A plastic bag.

C．An aluminum can.

D．An orange peel.

2. What can we know from paragraph 2?

A．Annual littering has increased a little in the UK since the 1960s.

B．Shorter-lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment.

C．Cigarette-related littering is a severe environmental problem in the UK.

D．Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million.

3. Which of the following can best describe the UK’s punishment on littering?

A．Every little helps.	B．More haste, less speed.
C．No pain, no gain.	D．A drop in the bucket.

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Littering, a Surprisingly Big Issue

B．Environment Issues, a Big Concern

C．Rubbish Collection, an Urgent Task

D．Long-lasting Material, a Hidden Danger

9 . Apps to Help in a Disaster

Disasters almost always arrive unexpectedly. But there are computer apps to help people prepare for disasters. Some apps warn users when a disaster has taken place.

Siren GPS Mobile

The free Siren GPS Mobile app connects users to emergency (紧急事件) services at the tap of the screen. The app will let emergency workers know where the person in need is.

The app works over cellphone networks. But it also works on Wi-Fi if cellphone networks are down after an emergency.

Users can create a personal health report on the app to share with emergency services. This will provide information about medicines that users take, allergies (过敏反应) they might have and other medical information important to treatment decisions.

Life360

The Life360 app provides a service to keep the loved ones connected. Users can set up a network of people to share their location, chat and get informed when they are near someone in their network. People in the same network can use the app on iPhone and Android devices.

The app helps users communicate when they are in danger. The location sharing function can be suspended (暂停) when desired.

The Life360 app is free, with some services available for a fee.

Red Panic Button

When a person is in danger, the Red Panic Button app might help. This app can send a text message to chosen contacts providing the user’s location. You can also add a voice or video message or photo to your text and email.

This app can also be used to contact emergency services.

Red Panic Button is free, but extra features are available for a fee*

First Aid by American Red Cross

The free First Aid app by the American Red Cross helps guide users in giving first aid to the injured people. The app can also help with information to help plan for droughts, floods, storms and more.

Watch videos and take tests within the app. Users can switch the app from English to Spanish.

1. Which is not the feature of the Siren GPS Mobile app?

A．It connects users to emergency services.

B．It is useless if your cellphone network is down.

C．Rescuers can get your health information through it.

D．Rescue workers can know where the injured person is.

2. What can you do if you have the Life360 app?

A．Watch over your loved ones’ movements.

B．Keep connected with those in your network.

C．Share your health information with doctors directly.

D．Get hospital information immediately when in danger.

3. What may be the best choice if you want to get information about disasters in advance?

A．Siren GPS Mobile.	B．Life360.
C．Red Panic Button.	D．First Aid by American Red Cross.

10 . 下面一篇文章中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was cooking in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened.” Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.