1 . Rushing down the path, the traceur (跑酷者) is on the lookout for his next obstacles such as fire escapes, walls, or fences. As soon as he realizes a massive brick wall stands between him and where he wants to be, he unintentionally grabs on the wall with his hands and lifts himself to stand on top of it. His next move is a jump that lands him back on solid ground; however, noticing that he is unstable, he rolls to avoid injury.
Traceurs are athletes who perform remarkable gymnastics actions in urban environments. Serious traceurs are fascinated not just by the physical challenges of Parkour, but by its philosophy. Those who learn to excel at Parkour claim to develop not just physical fitness, but increased self-confidence and critical thinking skills, as they train themselves to find ways around every obstacle in their paths.
Because of these philosophical foundations, Parkour is often described by traceurs as more of a lifestyle or an art form than a sport. Passionate traceurs are determined to keep Parkour from becoming a competitive attempt. Competition, they argue, devalues the philosophical theory behind Parkour. People who practice Parkour should be more concerned with their relationship to the environment than with a ticking clock, a score, or a cheering crowd. Furthermore, traceurs should work with each other to improve confidence, awareness, and unity. Competition, they argue, only brings about feelings of conflict and disharmony.
While Parkour purists suggest that the philosophy behind Parkour helps to limit injuries, they must remember that not everyone who tries to leap over a mailbox is an experienced traceur trying to get in touch with his or her environment. Adolescents attempting to carry out these acrobatic (杂技的) skills could severely injure themselves. So while newcomers to Parkour might be eager to investigate this art of movement, it would be wise for them to remember the physicality behind the philosophy. After all, philosophy is not much good to a broken leg.
1. Why does the author describe a traceur at the beginning?A.To illustrate what Parkour is like. | B.To teach ways of avoiding injuries. |
C.To explain different Parkour moves. | D.To highlight the popularity of sports. |
A.By strengthening physical fitness. | B.By winning Parkour competitions. |
C.By building faith in conquering barriers. | D.By grasping some philosophical theories. |
A.They are aware of how to treat injuries. |
B.They suggest individual efforts in the sport. |
C.They stress the relationship to the environment. |
D.They are more concerned with remarkable actions. |
A.Face physical challenges boldly. | B.Learn from experienced traceurs. |
C.Start from leaping over a mailbox. | D.Consider the risk of severe harm. |
Bicycles have long been
But recently, cycling-the activity or sport of riding a bicycle for exercise-
“With the pandemic... it seems to be the only way for us
1. What are the speakers doing?
A.Doing some exercise. |
B.Making a training plan. |
C.Attending a sports meeting. |
A.Two weeks. | B.Four weeks. | C.Six weeks. |
A.Cycling. | B.Swimming. | C.Running. |
A.Interesting. | B.Easy. | C.Stressful. |
4 . Playing sports at school makes people “grittier” and harder working, boosts the chances of achieving long-term goals, and having successful careers, say scientists. The Ohio State University team analyzed National Sports and Society Survey data on almost 4, 000 men and women across the US and asked study participants to rate themselves on a scale of 1-5on eight statements. They included “I am diligent. I never give up.” And “I am a hard worker”. None of the statements was directly related to sports. 34% of those who did sports as a youngster scored high on the grit scale, compared to 23% of peers who gave up. One in four of those who never played sports ranked low, compared to just 17% of those who did. Lead author Dr. Emily Nothnagle said practicing drills on the field can improve pupils’ lives for decades, adding “The grit they develop from playing sports can help them for the rest of their lives”.
The findings, published in the journal Leisure Sciences,were supported by more sophisticated (复杂的) statistical analyses that accounted for respondents’ demographic (人口的) characteristics. But it appears only children who keep at it-and play continually—get the benefit, say the researchers. Some may just be born with the grit to help them succeed at sports as a young person and then continue to benefit from that trait as an adult. “Quitting could reflect a lack of perseverance, which is a crucial component of grit,” said a researcher. “It could also make quitting an activity, and not persevering, easier the next time.”
Adults who played sports as kids generally perceived the experience helped improve their work ethic, and that perception was linked to their grit scores as adults even though the researchers said people can gain or lose grit throughout life.
1. What does the underlined word “grittier” mean in the 1st paragraph?A.More hopeful. | B.More pessimistic. |
C.More aggressive. | D.More determined. |
A.The survey included a total of 15 statements. |
B.The survey centered on sports and lifestyle. |
C.People who did sports at a young age tended to score high on the grit scale. |
D.The survey was conducted and analyzed by Dr. Emily alone. |
A.By providing experiments. |
B.By offering some examples. |
C.By showing differences. |
D.By analyzing characteristics. |
A.A biological textbook. | B.A science magazine. |
C.A travel brochure. | D.An economic paper. |
A.Jogging. | B.Cycling. | C.Swimming. |
1. What is Steve’s favorite sport?
A.Running. | B.Swimming. | C.Basketball. |
A.In the gym. | B.In her neighborhood. | C.Near the West Lake. |
A.His colleague. | B.His neighbor. | C.His coach. |
1.倡议目的;
2.具体做法;
3.期待参与。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Boys and girls,
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The Students’ Union
8 . A few years ago, I felt like a true failure. I was doing Weight Watchers for the third time in order to lose weight, but not making
At that time, I spent hours every day working out to my videos and was still
What was more surprising was that I
A.mistakes | B.friends | C.sense | D.progress |
A.strong | B.fat | C.young | D.short |
A.admire | B.observe | C.threaten | D.fight |
A.change | B.record | C.test | D.system |
A.formal | B.difficult | C.unexpected | D.confusing |
A.picnic | B.meal | C.movie | D.walk |
A.teaching | B.studying | C.enjoying | D.creating |
A.disappointed | B.pleased | C.careful | D.bored |
A.got up | B.broke down | C.checked out | D.came back |
A.curious | B.annoyed | C.frightened | D.calm |
A.organized | B.recalled | C.demanded | D.expressed |
A.made | B.signed | C.turned | D.ended |
A.In case | B.Soon after | C.Even though | D.As if |
A.suddenly | B.extremely | C.importantly | D.unusually |
A.goal | B.limit | C.struggle | D.failure |
9 . Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury.
·Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine
·
Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.
·Not wearing the right equipment
•Running through pain
A.Not taking rest days |
B.If you’re just starting out |
C.Comparing yourself to others |
D.Running can be uncomfortable at times |
E.It’s important not to use the same muscles |
F.While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running |
G.Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week |
1. What does the speaker do?
A.A medical doctor. | B.A fitness instructor. | C.A swimming coach. |
A.Focusing on only muscle training. |
B.Doing too many types of workouts. |
C.Keeping the same routine all the time. |
A.Once a week. | B.Twice a week. | C.Three times a week. |