1 . 瑞士数学家雅各布·伯努利在1694年类比椭圆的定义,发现了双纽线.双纽线的图形如图所示,它的形状像个横着的“8”,也像是无穷符号“∞”.定义在平面直角坐标系
中,把到定点
距离之积等于
的点的轨迹称为双纽线
.以
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.
(1)求双纽线
的极坐标方程;
(2)双纽线
与极轴交于点P,点M为C上一点,求
面积的最大值(用
表示).
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a1aa1a5565eef09e163e2b3487beaa6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5abd0f31afe865a63682ccd4a18a0e0d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/26/5dede47c-56c9-4ba0-b918-1a0fc4f70c20.png?resizew=179)
(1)求双纽线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)双纽线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3a51268fce97426487c3338d6ec3d571.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
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4卷引用:江西省重点中学协作体2023届高三第二次联考数学(理)试题
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2 . “太极图”是关于太极思想的图示,其形状如对称的阴阳两鱼互抱在一起,也被称为“阴阳鱼太极图”.在平面直角坐标系
中,“太极图”是一个圆心为坐标原点,半径为
的圆,其中黑、白区域分界线
,
为两个圆心在
轴上的半圆,
在太极图内,以坐标原点为极点,
轴非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/24/cf8fafc0-b3cf-4970-98ad-3f6807fab2f1.png?resizew=196)
(1)求点
的一个极坐标和分界线
的极坐标方程;
(2)过原点的直线
与分界线
,
分别交于
,
两点,求
面积的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b8860d9787671b53b1ab68b3d526f5ca.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3c54373fa62652ad075f41280e44a81b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/24/cf8fafc0-b3cf-4970-98ad-3f6807fab2f1.png?resizew=196)
(1)求点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
(2)过原点的直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1ed4c4e8edbd179f3fc38a6653f18c1.png)
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5卷引用:江西省南昌市2023届高三二模数学(理)试题
江西省南昌市2023届高三二模数学(理)试题江西省南昌市2023届高三二模数学(文)试题四川省南部中学2023届高三下学期高考考前理科数学模拟训练(一)(已下线)专题20坐标系与参数方程(已下线)专题20坐标系与参数方程.
2023·江西·二模
3 . 研究某点轨迹时,数学上常用向量来表示一个点.例如:M是车轮边缘的一点,初始态在原点,车轮半径为r,轮子沿着x轴滚动,M点的轨迹
即为摆线
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/12/69603ab5-65af-44a5-9dbb-1939222d5bc4.png?resizew=340)
(1)若以车轮旋转角度为参数,请写出M轨迹的参数方程
(2)若坐标原点处固定一半径为r的轨道,现在让车轮沿着该轨道转一圈,M初始态在
点,试写出M轨迹的参数方程.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82a79a33a83a7ba57a34b5093d1d1d02.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/12/69603ab5-65af-44a5-9dbb-1939222d5bc4.png?resizew=340)
(1)若以车轮旋转角度为参数,请写出M轨迹的参数方程
(2)若坐标原点处固定一半径为r的轨道,现在让车轮沿着该轨道转一圈,M初始态在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411a2b535a9a2fd094c4f19c2698b60b.png)
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解题方法
4 . 在极坐标系中,已知曲线![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c39c04c99014cff2b47a7fa878b2b649.png)
(1)若
,曲线
与极轴所在直线交于
两点,且
,求
的值;
(2)若
,直线
经过极点且相互垂直,
与
交于
两点,
与
交于
两点,求
的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c39c04c99014cff2b47a7fa878b2b649.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7326ea56be82bd616fec7e6aa3c884c8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ce395dfb7eab4d1d58a19bce2bfdaf7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b550ee821ee1838384835e81fc34b67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/44434b647ec546fe787e2164e0be6cd2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f6bce3d91ca23b86d8c6625f2632e437.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7789a500686c7a73770404ead6af0590.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3e6951e550edf6a8a3c0d30c35178d7f.png)
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10卷引用:江西省新余市第一中学2021届高三全真模拟考试数学(理)试题
江西省新余市第一中学2021届高三全真模拟考试数学(理)试题全国1卷地区联考“顶尖计划”2021届高三第三次考试文科数学试题河南省“顶尖计划”2021届高三第三次考试理科数学试题全国1卷地区联考“顶尖计划”2021届高三毕业班第三次考试理科数学试题河南省“顶尖计划”2021届高三第三次考试文科数学试题皖豫名校联盟体2021届高三4月第三次考试数学(理)试题黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次月考数学(理)试题吉林省吉林市桦甸市第四中学2021-2022学年高三上学期10月月考数学(理)试题河南省焦作市温县第一高级中学2021-2022学年高三上学期10月月考数学(理)试题河南省鹤壁高中2021-2022学年高三上学期一轮复习质量检测(二)数学(文)试题
5 . 在极坐标系
中,射线
的极坐标方程为
,曲线
的极坐标方程为
,且射线
与曲线
有异于点
的两个交点
,
.
(1)求
的取值范围;
(2)求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3e5af20b2f8c1fba4470f9650989e51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3885a9129c24ed14cebd02f17cd1aa13.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3a484392ff7ca307d1e8d150c4954ad0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/740717aeb9f4496d9fe30471a100008a.png)
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6卷引用:江西省九江市2021届高三高考数学(理)二模试题