解题方法
1 . 球面几何在研究球体定位等问题有重要的基础作用.球面上的线是弯曲的,不存在直线,连接球面上任意两点有无数条曲线,它们长短不一,其中这两点在球面上的最短路径的长度称为两点间的球面距离.
纬线,赤道以北叫做北纬.如图1,将地球看作球体,假设地球半径为
,球心为
,北纬
的纬线所形成的圆设为圆
,且
是圆
的直径,球面被经过球心
和点
,
的平面截得的圆设为圆
,求圆
中劣弧
的长度,并判断其是否是
,
两点间的球面距离(只需判断、无需证明).
(2)如图2,点
,
在球心为
的球面上,且
不是球的直径,试问
,
两点间的球面距离所在的圆弧
是否与球心
共面?若是,写出证明过程,并求出当
,
时,
,
两点间球面距离所在的圆弧
与球心
所形成的扇形
的面积;若不是,请说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/235d495d88b8e51f89e2e4da27328025.png)
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3953cec61ac602ce5eb59b7912352179.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/240d929040e21e7991481149b73a79a1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e7c314398e26ffc7164b82946eeb4273.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3953cec61ac602ce5eb59b7912352179.png)
(2)如图2,点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f919bd3dde10dbbc076f7ec5149699.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/16d65cecaf8a3dc2953f4109c75a981e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f919bd3dde10dbbc076f7ec5149699.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c93ef48e154646ef0564de14a990c2e5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c467c10aa2eabce3af68c1213d88043b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/16d65cecaf8a3dc2953f4109c75a981e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f919bd3dde10dbbc076f7ec5149699.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c880639a6164aa127cf38b63aebde50.png)
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2 . 类比于平面三角形中的余弦定理,我们得到三维空间中的三面角余弦定理;如图1,由射线PA、PB、PC构成的三面角
,
,
,
,二面角
的大小为
,则
.
,平面
平面ABCD,
,
,求
的余弦值;
(2)当
、
时,证明以上三面角余弦定理;
(3)如图3,斜三棱柱
中侧面
,
,
的面积分别为
,
,
,各侧面所应得平面与底面所成的三个二面角分别记为
,
,
,请用文字和符号语言描述你能够得到的正弦定理在三维空间中推广的结论,并证明.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/63397cda22cb1fad59cf966dfb588643.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fa26fadeee2becc192fa53d778445d52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eac229a5e782559ffb0f271cbfc01c6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef6ab2d197160f40b72fe0abb3fe527d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a438393ddfc7da1804baf4932442bb35.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b3e14113e0a7ac6b8e1faf51dbcc6dbd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e09725691ee7851f54c0dee86b2bf55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0671b4776e142e17a79af5b3f0378ef7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e7e3c9e7c05de9838c0c5d762720d3ef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f81e24376a13d648c2ed0dc73bc710e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/947c03e48c4be7485f1547817f890c53.png)
(2)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/17cc100e36303b3566d91e4756594cf2.png)
(3)如图3,斜三棱柱
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/42d3a82b8e587ee890467835bc4e854c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab3e0dba5705e1d749cfb21ebbb2ed93.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e168672b47d7e64dc1b404f8882c7dcf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d9a8181f7a7fe7f3fac872ce9534f15.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e097c8d4c948de063796bd19f85b3a9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e0bd63f55069a3bc870915010b39225.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6899bf9cadae2ccdb14cbc87d4f280ee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25f64fa38725c136504f723019a18dc5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e93fa313adc4ac7608ba9449fd755212.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3e8d4017e1a37acb0c8e00508be472b2.png)
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2022-12-25更新
|
529次组卷
|
4卷引用:上海市嘉定区第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考数学试题
上海市嘉定区第一中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考数学试题(已下线)第五篇 向量与几何 专题17 三正弦定理、三余弦定理 微点2 三正弦定理、三余弦定理综合训练(已下线)第二章 立体几何中的计算 专题一 空间角 微点13 三正弦定理与三余弦定理综合训练【培优版】广东省深圳市深圳大学附属中学、龙城高级中学第二次段考2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考数学试题
20-21高一·全国·课后作业
解题方法
3 . 作用于同一点的三个力
,
,
平衡,且
,
的夹角为
,
,
的夹角为
,
,
的夹角为
.求证:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5076289823db419f94e9c0c8f4aafd9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a3fb78c5f885034612c0e030b920143d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1282962a17a48a18edf733204054d67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5076289823db419f94e9c0c8f4aafd9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a3fb78c5f885034612c0e030b920143d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3e8d4017e1a37acb0c8e00508be472b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a3fb78c5f885034612c0e030b920143d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1282962a17a48a18edf733204054d67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25f64fa38725c136504f723019a18dc5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1282962a17a48a18edf733204054d67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5076289823db419f94e9c0c8f4aafd9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e93fa313adc4ac7608ba9449fd755212.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3efc05223fdcb10bb8082911ce472301.png)
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