解题方法
1 . “费马点”是由十七世纪法国数学家费马提出并征解的一个问题,该问题是:“在一个三角形内求作一点,使其与此三角形的三个顶点的距离之和最小”.如图1,三个内角都小于
的
内部有一点
,连接
,求
的最小值.我们称三角形内到三角形三个顶点距离之和最小的点为费马点.要解决这个问题,首先应想办法将这三条端点重合于一点的线段分离,然后再将它们连接成一条折线,并让折线的两个端点为定点,这样依据“两点之间,线段最短”,就可求出这三条线段和的最小值.某数学研究小组先后尝试了翻折、旋转、平移的方法,发现通过旋转可以解决这个问题,具体的做法如图2,将
绕点
顺时针旋转
,得到
,连接
,则
的长即为所求,此时与三个顶点连线恰好三等分费马点
的周角.同时小组成员研究教材发现:已知对任意平面向量
,把
绕其起点沿逆时针方向旋转
角得到向量
.
,把点
绕点
沿顺时针方向旋转
后得到点
,求点
的坐标;
(2)在
中,
,借助研究成果,直接写出
的最小值;
(3)已知点
,求
的费马点
的坐标.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/231b861d6d1f1d0b9f52b041cb40eb62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19bb1063e139610045f3bca5ca0b2766.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c7ed53a398b1d6b7b4abbb43a9abcf1f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9524e3810e06dc781285f1289e75d653.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d5bca00fa20e6e80480b9d06d2e52ee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f850c705372b8a85489505da53239fd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5643311f49a8c6f64b2a2788f79458e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/85c4bdfb0db1e31e8459df1d15f9ab55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f478a74bccc9b8d7745b08c5484f238.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/abcb5d89b04570ceda2c29e11cb27a57.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/89756ef947f1add6a68efa8998430dc4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7de03fc9682ff77d327a5681010ab3b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15615de1a6df206dbd081251f676578e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
(2)在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b11bf8ee11289d13cf5dd0ea9505e699.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c7ed53a398b1d6b7b4abbb43a9abcf1f.png)
(3)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24a65f35281b21fdfaf7c437fbd321eb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
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解题方法
2 . 已知向量
,设
,向量
,若
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3fcd62b075b985b1f045c47a3851415.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dcd9218a657b17654c5d757a6f7dee9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5844be57c2e0e9555bac62f7d63bf4b6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82ba50bd1f158c4d531b0e442fab3e05.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
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3 . 已知
为共线向量,且
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ec0618ae3a4fde6d6220010af229b9a.png)
__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b172cf8d898883d82e973f28c3c3a3e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3e93209d740ce5293801b593beade903.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ec0618ae3a4fde6d6220010af229b9a.png)
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解题方法
4 . 已知
三点共线,则
的值为( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6848fa9cedd25a39ccb213d6a8e05da9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
A.![]() | B.5 | C.![]() | D.3 |
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5 . 已知复数
在复平面内对应的点分别为
,若
,则实数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
__________ ;若
,则实数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5274f9384f8a7dd28ecf13f9ffbc87b4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c82a10b4f0c9323d726804c89dd9548.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/32458db21db3e131308b31f48353fbb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2945cbc4ff0cb87a163b660d7b8d07fc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c57bbef89a37f1a3808c0ceeac0c22.png)
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解题方法
6 . 已知
若
则x=_______________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/194748b2b8bd9f6b7af383577245fd4d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/44550cf9a8d26d7ba494e8111e487c74.png)
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7 . 已知
是三个非零向量,则下列说法正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ae951e0bb5a2a406f1572fc1e4964265.png)
A.若![]() ![]() |
B.若![]() ![]() |
C.若![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
D.若![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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8 . 已知向量
,
.
(1)若
,求
;
(2)若
,
①求
;
②已知
,求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a67711170219688d03144200ae396e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d5de571daa349850dbc7fc98b7b990a.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/076559f08d17fb25e82886e791719e52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6cc9750c313ee972124cb62c4a6fb7ea.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/44726b1d833cfef78c52b027817a69ce.png)
①求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/032f8f657f9163ebc64db95d214f4091.png)
②已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3d394016b9fecac73f38cbc4ff18dee2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e6f90c4754e6b6fc862d72943fb35569.png)
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9 . 设
,
且
的夹角为钝角,实数
的取值范围是___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/90f485e4afe50f7e85efc3dce207cd7e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/99204cc0147faef5556ac86e805ce74e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b172cf8d898883d82e973f28c3c3a3e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
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10 . 已知向量
,
,向量
满足
,且
.
(1)求
的坐标;
(2)若
与
的夹角为钝角,求实数
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81f4dcf415977dea53f52a85b6b82136.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f27481c3e3f0a647379ecd926e616ec2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73a0b19e69be46452425916a0fcb49c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/da1c5bcaa260128e281a12f6ef6aacbc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2afff6080f14570f2a54b79cdfdeee83.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73a0b19e69be46452425916a0fcb49c9.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73a0b19e69be46452425916a0fcb49c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba2b0627ff70b02aa16b007dc41794dc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
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