1 . Exercise helps to keep us in good health. Doctors at the American Heart Association suggest getting at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity every week. Many people exercise for a few minutes every day or every other day. So, getting 150 minutes every week is easy.
But what about those times when you are sick? If you do not feel well, should you keep following your exercise habit? Following are the answers from health experts.
Edward R. Laskowski is a doctor at the Clinic. He and other experts have a general rule about exercising when you are sick. It is usually fine to exercise mildly, he explains, if your symptoms are all “above the neck”. These signs may include a runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing or a minor sore throat.
Geralyn Coopersmith, a physical fitness trainer who has written several books on exercise and nutrition offers similar advice. However, both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest taking a break from exercising if signs of your illness appear “below the neck.” Pay special attention to symptoms such as chest congestion, extreme cough or pain in the stomach.
There are other symptoms(症状) that can tell you to avoid exercise. They include: a higher than normal body temperature, a sense of feeling extremely tired, and widespread muscle pain.
Both Coopersmith and Dr. Laskowski suggest listening to your body. If you feel really bad, take a break and let your body rest. If you don’t feel too bad, these experts both suggest reducing the amount of exercise. For example, if you usually run, take a quick walk instead.
1. Which of the following statements is true?| A．It is a hard thing for people to exercise for 150 minutes every week. |
| B．It is fine to do light exercise when you have a runny nose and chest congestion. |
| C．Edward suggests doing exercise when you have muscle pain all over your body. |
| D．Geralyn holds people can exercise mildly when their symptoms are above the neck. |
| A．stop exercise | B．walk instead of run |
| C．ignore the symptoms | D．cut down the amount of exercise |
| A．Warnings against exercise when you are ill |
| B．Harmful effects of exercise when you are ill |
| C．Suggested time for exercise when you are ill |
| D．Professional tips on exercise when you are ill |
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3 . It seems every major city and town around the world hosts an annual marathon, with thousands of athletes running a gruelling 42.1 kilometres. While many runners' motivation is to beat their personal best and cross the finishing line without collapsing, they're also doing it for a good cause—to generate funds for charity. But like other major events, the marathon also generates a massive carbon footprint. Thousands travel —some by plane—to the location, and waste from food packaging and goody bags gets left behind by spectators and runners. This is becoming a big issue for cities—how to host a worthwhile event, encouraging people to exercise and help charities, while protecting the environment? Several cities have developed formal plans to reduce their environmental impact and promote sustainable （可持续的） ideas. One event in Wales, for example, introduced recycling for old running kit .
It's something that this year's London Marathon tried to tackle by reducing the number of drink stations on the running route, giving out water in paper cups and offering some drinks in eatable seaweed capsules. They also trialled new bottle belts made from recycled plastic so 700 runners could carry water bottles with them during their run. London Marathon event director Hugh Brasner told the BBC: “There are a lot of initiatives （倡议） we are using this year that we think will lead to some huge behavioural changes in the future.”
Meanwhile, some people still think running a marathon could be our best foot forward in helping the planet. Dr Andrea Collins from Cardiff University told the BBC: “Training for a marathon makes you more sustainable in day-to-day activities. I started walking or running to work every day and shunning public transport altogether. Being environmentally friendly while training sticks with you and becomes a way of life. ”
1. Why do many people enter for a marathon?| A．To achieve their own ambitions. |
| B．To generate a massive carbon footprint. |
| C．To improve themselves both physically and mentally. |
| D．To challenge their personal limitations and raise money for charities. |
| A．It may bring a large profit to London. |
| B．It saved a lot of water resources and power. |
| C．It may improve people's behaviour in the future. |
| D．It may make Londoners more friendly when running a marathon. |
| A．Damaging. | B．Avoiding. |
| C．Choosing. | D．Changing. |
| A．Running a marathon can make more money. |
| B．Running a marathon can do great damage to the earth. |
| C．Running a marathon can change people's life completely. |
| D．Running a marathon can contribute to protecting the earth. |
4 . Some people think going to the gym takes time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely boring.Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps(几次几组).In order to see any significant change from any one exercise,it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets, for about three months: Then there' s aerobics(有氧运动).For some, there's nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill(跑步机).
But what if there is a way to reduce the boredom of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality (VR).
“In the past, playing video games was a sedentary(久坐不动的) experience:,"says Jo Stauffer of the VR Heaitn-institute, but VR changes all of that.” Many, VR games are played while standing In order to play properly, the players are forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs.After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it's not surprising, that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter .There are already a number of virtual reality games which, deliberately or not, result in their player “getting a good sweat on” if played for enough time.For example, there's a music game which forces players to shadow box(做空拳攻防练习) in order to hit the notes---that's an upper-body workout.
The benefit of VR has been noticed by one company.They want to take the whole experience into the gym. They are making a resistance machine, designed to be used in combination with a VR headset. Players challenge a virtual competitor in a series of games,which results in a 30-minute full-body workout.However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out, says J.P.Gownder from the consultancy Forrester.
Although it's early days, for those: of us who struggle to overcome the boredom of exercise,a new solution could be coming.And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the same time might be something that many people would want-virtual or not.So don' t give up exercising.
1. What conclusion can we draw from the first paragraph?| A．Most weight-related exercises nearly have no effect. |
| B．Some people think exercising in the gym is difficult and tiring. |
| C．Running on a treadmill wont bring significant change. |
| D．You'd better not go to the gym because of the risk of injury. |
| A．bring more fun to play. |
| B．take people less free time. |
| C．are more likely to bring players health benefits. |
| D．are more popular with people nowadays . |
| A．It has been widely used in the gym. |
| B．There are some disadvantages of it. |
| C．J.P. Gownder highly recommends it. |
| D．When using it, people need to have a partner. |
| A．Virtual exercise in the gym. | B．Keep going to the gym |
| C．The boredom of exercise | D．The popularity of VR games. |
5 . During my first three years of college, I put on weight quickly. Between classwork and a part-time job, I had zero time for
After leaving college, I
Me? Play tennis? No way. I was strongly against his
The first few months were quite
I learned a
| A．games | B．holidays | C．research | D．exercise |
| A．got | B．wanted | C．hated | D．protected |
| A．decided | B．agreed | C．regretted | D．continued |
| A．avoided | B．imagined | C．began | D．minded |
| A．important | B．new | C．simple | D．similar |
| A．busy | B．careless | C．bored | D．lazy |
| A．rule | B．job | C．reply | D．idea |
| A．worried about | B．happy with | C．sure of | D．responsible for |
| A．As usual | B．At first | C．Besides | D．However |
| A．silly | B．relaxed | C．proud | D．satisfied |
| A．controlling | B．throwing | C．missing | D．playing |
| A．interesting | B．painful | C．different | D．easy |
| A．in secret | B．in anger | C．in fear | D．in surprise |
| A．asked | B．learned | C．taught | D．remembered |
| A．lesson | B．skill | C．business | D．task |
6 . If you like dangerous and exciting sports, maybe skydiving (跳伞) is for you. First skydivers jump from an airplane.
It’s difficult to see what skydivers do when you’re standing on the ground. Often, people fly in airplanes to make a tape of the skydivers.
If skydiving doesn’t sound fun to you, there are plenty of other sports.
| A．You can always try surfing. |
| B．Then, skydivers fall quickly toward the ground. |
| C．It is the best choice for you to skydive or try surfing. |
| D．With a video camera, the operator records their performances. |
| E．It is not easy to jump out of the airplane when you are in the plane. |
| F．Judges watch the skydivers and give them points for doing amazing things. |
| G．The parachute helps slow the skydiver so he or she lands on the ground safe. |
7 . Being highly successful in any field is pretty rare. It takes a combination of natural talent, luck, determination, and plenty of outside support for someone to make it big in sports, entertainment, or business. But what if competing is all that matters to you, whether you are likely to succeed or not? This was the goal of Michael Eddie the Eagle Edwards, and that he reached that goal was an amazing achievement.
Born in the U.K. in 1963, Michael was an enthusiastic downhill skier whose dream was to compete for Britain in world-class competitions. He would have liked to represent his country in the 1984 Winter Olympics, but there were a large number of downhill competitors, and Edwards didn't qualify. Seeing his chance elsewhere, he switched to ski jumping. Ski jumping didn't cost nearly as much, and there was almost no competition for a place on the Britain team.
But number of hurdles (障碍)could have meant the end of Edwards' dream. He weighed more than most competitors, which put him at a disadvantage. He had no financial support for his training. Poor eyesight meant that he had to wear glasses under his goggles (护目镜)- not a good thing when they steamed up at high altitudes. But he couldn't let any of this discourage him. He saw himself as a true lover of the sport who simply wanted the chance to compete. Winning wasn't the point. Having the opportunity to try was all he cared about. And nothing could stop him from trying.
In the end, Edwards took 55th place in the 1987 World Championships. He then went on to the Calgary Olympics in 1988, where he finished last in both of his events. Many athletes would have been embarrassed by this result, but he is proud of his achievement to this day. His determination to fight against all the odds made him a global hero, and in 2016, the inspiring film Eddie the Eagle was made about his life.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?| A．To add some background information. |
| B．To uncover the secret of success. |
| C．To expect an answer from readers. |
| D．To introduce the topic. |
| A．It took less skill. |
| B．The equipment was cheaper. |
| C．There was little competition. |
| D．It was easy to win the championship. |
| A．felt he had reached his goal |
| B．was embarrassed by his results |
| C．switched to film making |
| D．was glad it was over |
| A．His determination to win. |
| B．His enthusiasm for the sport. |
| C．His attitude towards the Olympics. |
| D．His ability to overcome physical disabilities. |
8 . Try This at Home!
Are you looking for a new pastime that will create a balance between physical activity and relaxation? Then yoga may be the perfect choice for you. Yoga can be practiced by people of all ages and levels of fitness.
In the 1930s, Indian Sri Tirumali and K. Pattabhi developed one of the most popular forms of yoga practised worldwide today. They worked together using an ancient Sansknt text called Yoga Korunta to create a set routine of yoga movements and breathing exercises.
Ashtanga is different from other forms of yoga. It is a very powerful form of aerobic (有氧的)exercise which creates deep heat in the body.
Furthermore, yoga encourages you to think about what you're doing. Often you will close your eyes while doing certain movements.
| A．It can also be done anywhere at any time. |
| B．The result of their co-operation was ashtanga yoga. |
| C．Whatever kind of yoga you choose, there are many long-term benefits. |
| D．This allows you to concentrate better and it makes you less competitive. |
| E．Every time someone practices ashtanga, he or she does exactly the same movements. |
| F．If you're interested in yoga, but can find a class near you, then it might be an excuse to travel. |
| G．Recently, it has become extremely common for beginners as well as advanced yoga students to go on yoga holidays. |
9 . Older women who walk a little over three kilometers each day might live longer than less active women of the same age, a new study suggests.
Many Americans hoping to stay healthy set a daily goal of 10, 000 steps, or about eight kilometers. They often have this goal because they are wearing electronic devices which set that target, note researchers in the United States. Their findings appeared recently in the publication JAMA Internal Medicine.
But it is not clear how much intensity(强度)or speed matter when counting the health benefits of every step, the researchers write. They add that 10,000 steps per day might not be the right goal for everyone.
For the study, researchers observed 17,000 women, all in their early 70s. They asked the women to wear accelerometers for at least four days. Accelerometers are small devices that measure the number of steps and the intensity of movement. The researchers followed up with the women much later, around 4. 3 years later, on average. Since the beginning of the study, 504 women had died. Compared to women who took no more than 2, 718 steps daily, the women who took at least 4,363 steps per day were 41 percent less likely to die.
“Even a modest amount of steps is associated with lower death rates, "said I-Min Lee, the lead writer of a report on the study. "The rate of stepping did not matter in these older women: it was the number of steps that mattered.
The study had a few limitations. For example, the researchers only measured women’s movements once, at the start of the study period. It is possible that the women’s behaviors changed over time. Still, the results are "good news for older adults who may have difficulty walking at faster paces, "said Keith Diaz, a researcher at Columbia University. He was not involved in the study.
“Any walking is better than nothing, " Diaz said by email. "With even small amounts of walking, your risk of death will be sharply reduced "For those who have difficulty walking, other research shows that any form of aerobic activity provides health benefits," he added. "Swimming, bicycling or any form of activity that is continuous in nature will provide health benefits.
1. What conclusion can we come to from the text?| A．People who walk about 10,000 steps can live longer. |
| B．10,000 steps per day might be the right goal for people. |
| C．The more steps one walks per day, the longer life he may live. |
| D．The number of steps is important for a long life among older women. |
| A．By giving examples. | B．By comparison. |
| C．By listing statistics. | D．By explaining reasons. |
| A．People who walk fast will get more health benefits. |
| B．If people have a habit of walking, the risk of death will be reduced. |
| C．People with walking difficulty can not benefit from activities |
| D．Activities such as swimming and bicycling are not as beneficial as walking. |
| A．A medical journal. | B．A news report. |
| C．A magazine about fashion. | D．A traveler brochure. |
10 . Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently. In their paper published on Monday, researchers from the University of California, Irvine in the United States and the University of Tsukuba in Japan introduced their experiment and conclusion.
Scientists invited 36 volunteers who were in their early 20s to do 10 minutes of light exercise before taking a memory test in which they were shown pictures like broccoli（西兰花）or picnic baskets and asked to recall them later. The same experiment was repeated with the same group of volunteers without exercising. u The memory task was really quite challenging , " said Michael Yassa,co-author of the study and a neuroscientist （神经科学家）at the University of California, Irvine. "We used very tricky similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact picnic basket versus （对抗）that picnic basket. "
Researchers also scanned brains of some, of the participants during the experiment. They found strengthened communication between regions involved in the storage and recollection of memories in brains of those who had exercised. This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise like walking,yoga or Tai Chi might increase memory power.
As all the volunteers in the experiment were relatively young, researchers are still working to look at the effects of light exercise on older people. "Our future goal is to try to develop an exercise prescription（处方） that can be used by older adults who might have disabilities or mobility impairments,but can still adopt very simple exercise rules of life and be able to,perhaps,delay cognitive decline temporarily," said Yassa.
1. What did the researchers find from the experiment mentioned in the text?| A．Regular exercise is of benefit to the memory of all people. |
| B．Just a short period of exercise better young people's memory power. |
| C．Older people can also improve their cognitive power by exercising regularly. |
| D．All the volunteers in the experiment improved their memory through exercise. |
| A．The time to solve the questions was too limited. |
| B．The people in the experiment were disabled. |
| C．The items to be distinguished were extremely similar. |
| D．The questions asked by the scientists were too complicated. |
| A．.To solve a problem. | B．To give practical advice. |
| C．To present a research result. | D．To tell an interesting story. |
| A．Advantages of Exercising Regularly |
| B．Exercise Is Beneficial to Both Young and Old |
| C．Exercise Can Improve Older People's Cognitive Power |
| D．Ten Minutes of Exercise a Day Might Improve Memory |
