1 . 补全语篇

A. originated   B. limited   C. participating   D. awareness   E. caution   F. responsible G. flooded   H. seriously   I. commented   J. significantly   K. requirement

If you logged on to weibo over the weekend, chances are that your web page was     1     with videos of US celebrities dumping ice water on their heads. It seems that everyone is getting in for fun, from popular singers like Taylor Swift and Justin Timberlake, to high-ranking of tech executives including Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg.

Is it some kind of new, cool way to cope with the summer heat? Of course not. It’s a fundraising game called the Ice Bucket Challenge, and it aims to raise     2     for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症，亦称“渐冻人症”).

The challenge’s     3     is straightforward. It involves daring a person to dump a bucket of ice water over his head within 24 hours, or donate money for fighting against ALS. Even if a person completes the challenge, they’re more than welcome to donate money anyhow.

Once a person completes the challenge, they’re supposed to issue the same challenge to several other people, usually three, which is why the challenge has been growing and growing.

Since the beginning of June, the game has spread across social media timelines and late-night talk shows in the US. According to Facebook, more than 15 million people so far have posted,     4    , or liked a post about the challenge. It has raised more than $2.3 million (14 million yuan) to support research for the illness.

As for the origins of the craze, new data from the Facebook data science team heavily supports one theory: that the ice bucket challenge     5     with Pete Frates, a former captain of the Boston College baseball team. Frates, 29, who was diagnosed with ALS in 2012, can no longer speak and uses a wheelchair. After Frates posted his own ice bucket challenge video on July 31, the game took off and has now become one of the biggest activities in the online community.

The challenge went popular on social media, particularly in the United States, with people, celebrities, politicians and athletes posting videos of themselves online and on TV     6     in the event. But before the challenge, public awareness of the disease was relatively     7    .

Of course, ice bucket challenges need to be undertaken with at least basic     8     and common sense. Those who tip the water need to be     9     enough — and strong enough—to ensure that they can safely control the bucket. A giant water-filled tub is certainly heavy enough to     10     injure or even kill a person it drops on.

2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

As I was looking for a new flat, I was temporarily staying at a lovely small hotel. Unfortunately, during that time, I was due to participate in an online conference for an entire week. I was stuck inside from 10:00 am until 5:00 pm, the entire duration of the cleaning hours. I figured that I could go those five days without my room being cleaned and it wouldn’t be a problem. I would just put a “Do Not Disturb” sign on my door.

On the second day as I was heading to get breakfast at the hotel, I bumped (撞见) into the cleaning lady named Anna. I asked her if I could give her my rubbish, and I mentioned that I would be working the entire day so she needn’t worry about cleaning my room. She smiled and said it was okay.

The next day, when I returned from my breakfast, my room had already been cleaned. The same happened on the following day. On Friday, I finished my breakfast quicker than usual and the cleaning lady was just heading out. She smiled and said that she was happy that even though I ate quicker than usual, she was still able to finish in time.

I finally realized that all this time, she had been keeping an eye on when I headed for breakfast so she could clean my room. Given that looking for a flat in a new city and working in one of the smallest hotel rooms in London were already very stressful, I was incredibly moved. I thanked Anna and told her that, fortunately, it was the very last day of the conference, but I was very thankful.

The following week, I finally got the keys for my new flat. Excited and grateful for all the help I had received while moving in, I bought a box of chocolates and made my way to the receptionist.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I said to the receptionist, “Could you please give those to Anna?”

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After a while, Anna arrived, looking slightly puzzled.

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3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

An international team of astronomers used a database combining observations from the best telescopes in the world     1    (detect) the signal from the active supermassive black holes of dying galaxies (星系) in the early universe. The     2    (appear) of these active supermassive black holes is related to changes in the host galaxy. This means a black hole could have far reaching effects     3     the evolution of its host galaxy.

The Milky Way Galaxy     4     we live includes stars of various ages, including stars still forming. But in some other galaxies,     5    (know) as elliptical (椭圆的) galaxies, all of the stars are old and about the same age. This indicates that early in     6    (they) histories elliptical galaxies had a period of rich star formation that suddenly ended. Why this star formation stopped in some galaxies     7     not others is not well understood. One possibility is that a supermassive black hole disrupts(瓦解) the gas in some galaxies,     8    (create) an environment unsuitable for star formation.

To test this theory, astronomers look at distant galaxies. Due to the limited speed of light, it takes time for light to travel across the void of space. The light we saw last night from an object 10 billion light years away     9    (travel) for 10 billion years to reach Earth. Thus the light we see today shows us what the galaxy looked like when the light left that galaxy 10 billion years ago. So looking at distant galaxies is like looking back in time. But the longer distance also means that distant galaxies look     10    (small), making study more difficult.

4 . We cannot argue with reality. We cannot argue with science. Therefore, we simply cannot argue with the fact that there are no straight lines in the universe.

Let’s start with science. The science of a straight line falls under the subject of physics. It might seem like a complicated topic, but the theory behind it is pretty simple. If you start rowing in a boat from one place and keep sailing, the concept of the curved (弯曲的) Earth will take you in a circle and you will end up where you started. The brain forms the concept of a straight line to simplify what you see in nature. Consider it a tool for the mind to recognize reality.

The concept of straight lines was controversial and heavily influenced the politics and society of Europe from the 15th century to the 17th century. Greek thinkers and scholars like Aristotle in the 5th century already proved that the Earth was a globe, but many Europeans at that time did not believe in this idea! However, some Europeans during the Age of Exploration denied this belief. Just as the famous Italian scientist Galileo Galilei was persecuted (迫害) for advocating a heliocentric (日心的) model of the solar system, many thinkers like Giordano Bruno were shamed for believing that the Earth was round.

Well, my friends, let’s move on to life. The concept of nothing going in a straight line can be associated with life as much as it relates to science and architecture. Whenever you do something, it never turns out to play out exactly as planned. I especially know that as a thirteen-year-old! Life is a rough road—every time you go forward, it is followed by two steps back or to the side. Just like how science explains it, life is a curvy path full of unexpected twists, turns, and adventures that nobody can ever predict.

1. What does paragraph 1 function as?

A．An introduction to the topic.	B．A means to attract readers.
C．An explanation of a common sense.	D．A proof of the author’s opinion.

2. What would happen without the concept of straight line?

A．The mind could not recognize realities.	B．Things in nature might look complicated.
C．What you see in nature could seem simple.	D．People in the 16th century might find the Earth flat.

3. Which can best describe the road of proving the Earth round?

A．Plain and smooth.

B．Easy but fruitless.

C．Long and tough.

D．Bothersome but safe.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．A Straight Line: Everything Simple	B．A Straight Line: People’s Good Wish
C．A Straight Line: Difficult To Prove	D．A Straight Line: Simply Nonexistent

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Lizard (蜥蜴) Problems

My problems started when I learned that Mrs. Smith would be my fourth-grade teacher. She had a lizard in her classroom, and lizards were on my list of terrifying things.

Worse, Richard was in my class again. He knows I’m afraid of spiders (蜘蛛), and all year he pretended to put them in my hair. If he found out lizards were on my list, I’d be finished.

On the first day of school I tried not to look at the glass container in the corner, but Mrs. Smith pulled out the lizard and set him against her shoulder like a baby. “This is Ripley”, she said.

Richard whispered, “Bet you’re scared of him.” “I am not!” I said. Mrs. Smith looked toward Richard and me. “What’s wrong?” she asked.

“Amy’s scared of Ripley” Richard announced. “No, I’m not.” My chest tightened. “I love lizards. They’re my favorite animals.”

Mrs. Smith smiled. “I was going to ask for a volunteer to feed Ripley at recess (课间休息), but since you’re a lizard lover, how would you like the job?”

She probably thought I was speechless with joy.

Before recess, Mrs. Smith showed me Ripley’s bag of greens. I can handle that, I told myself.   I’ll just lift the container lid (盖子), drop in the greens, and run.

As Mrs. Smith led the class out the door, I was frozen in a block of ice. I wanted to cry, but my tears were frozen, too. Ripley sat still watching. I knew he was waiting to jump at me the second I lifted the lid. I just stood there for a long time, staring back at Ripley.

Voices in the hall told me recess was over. I closed my eyes, lifted the lid, threw in the greens, and shut the lid. Mrs. Smith said, “You must be enjoying your job, Amy You didn’t come out for recess at all.”

Richard’s eyes got wide. I’d fooled him. But now I’d have to spend every recess with a lizard.

注意:1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

After a few weeks, Richard said “Why does Amy always get to feed Ripley? I want a turn.”

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I meant for Richard to put Ripley down inside the container, but Richard set him on the floor and ran outside.

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10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Why should we hike with partners?

A．To cut expenses.

B．To ensure our safety.

C．To make the trip more enjoyable.

2. What is NOT needed when getting around in the park?

A．A GPS.

B．A map.

C．A guidebook.