1 . Artificial intelligence (AI ) has been increasingly good at fooling people. A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people’s attention. They were fake but very convincing.
Created by the AI program Midjourney, the photos were highly realistic, from the characters’ movements to the surroundings. However, many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI. The Washington Post’s technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips. The main idea is to spot the problems anything that would look strange in a photo.
AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly. It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers. This is because AI isn’t sure what a “hand” exactly is, according to Popular Science. The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures, which can be very confusing for AI.
AI-generated images also usually contain details that are against reality. To spot this, focus on items like accessories. For example, people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses. If there’s text in an image, such as a newspaper or poster, it’s usually garbled (篡改), even though the text may look realistic from a distance.
Another thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. If there’s a crowd in the image, people’s faces in the background are usually blurry - or they don’t have faces at all!
The development of AI-generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation. “I think misinformation is going to hit an all-time high,” Jamie Cohen, a digital culture and AI expert in the US, told New York Post. Generating an AI artwork is to “create reality”, Cohen argued, adding that, being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy(素养) skills. “The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become,” Shane Kittelson, a US researcher, told The Washington Post.
1. Why are Donald Trump’s photos mentioned in the first paragraph?| A．To draw more people’s attention. |
| B．To make people convinced of the news. |
| C．To show the AI-generated images were fake. |
| D．To prove that it’s easy for AI to cheat people. |
| A．It is unable to recognize human hands. |
| B．The data it uses to learn contain errors. |
| C．It doesn’t fully understand human hands. |
| D．It has insufficient data about human hands. |
| A．AI artworks may not be reflective of true creativity. |
| B．It’s high time to address the risks posed by AI works. |
| C．AI artworks will replace traditional art forms in the future. |
| D．Detecting real art demands strong media literacy competence. |
| A．A news report. | B．A diary. |
| C．A research paper. | D．A science fiction. |
2 . Gladys West, the mathematician, was born in 1930 in Virginia and had to help harvest crops on her family’s farm. The hard work started before daybreak and lasted well into the blistering heat of the afternoon. To get out of there, she was going to get an education.
Her parents tried to save some money to send her to college, but unexpected bills kept hitting the fund. Then a teacher announced that the state was going to give a college scholarship to the two top students from her year. Finally, West got the scholarship, allowing her to attend Virginia State College, a historically black university.
West decided to major in mathematics because it was a well-respected subject. It was largely studied by men, but she didn’t take much notice of them as she knew deep in her heart that nothing was getting in her way. After graduating, she became a teacher. A few years later, she returned to the university and earned a master’s degree in mathematics. Then she was offered a job at a naval base in Dahlgren, Virginia. This made her only the second black woman to be hired to work as a programmer at the base.
Despite her intellectual abilities and career success, West felt she was inferior. It was this feeling, deeply rooted and felt, by many African Americans that drove her to work as hard as she could. West determined to commit herself to her work, hoping that by doing it to the best of her ability, she could get recognition for her work.
West did just that. In 1979, she became project manager for the Seasat project, the first satellite that could monitor the oceans. She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit. In 1998, aged 68, she intended to focus on her PhD after retirement. She eventually finished her graduation thesis and gained her PhD in public administration and policy affairs in 2000 at the age of 70.
1. What helps Gladys West to go to the university?| A．Her teacher’s aiding her. |
| B．Her parents’ paying for the expenses. |
| C．Her family background. |
| D．The scholarship from the government. |
| A．West got all her degrees after retirement. |
| B．Men dominated maths field in West’s days. |
| C．Black women scientists ' talent was fully appreciated. |
| D．When she began to work, West felt she was superior to others. |
| A．A basic part. | B．A detailed map. |
| C．A building material. | D．A major obstacle. |
| A．Helpful and serious. |
| B．Honest and hardworking. |
| C．Ambitious and committed. |
| D．Considerate and devoted. |
3 . The Mogao Grottoes were a center of Buddhist life and some of the world’s great cultures for hundreds of years. However, by the late Qing Dynasty they had been abandoned and nearly forgotten and many of the caves had become damaged by the elements. Around 1900, with the discovery of a library of thousands of ancient documents, the caves received new interest from Chinese and foreign researchers. Unfortunately, this resulted in tens of thousands of items from the caves being taken to foreign museums
In the 1940s, many researchers and artists visited the area to study traditional Chinese art. Copies of some of the artwork painted by respected artists such as Zhang Daqian and GuanShanyue helped people all over the country learn about Dunhuang. These artists were also inspired by the artwork they saw in the caves and it began to influence their painting styles. Others staved in the desert for much longer, Chang Shuhong stayed for the rest of his life — struggling to record the cultural treasures and protect them from the weather. As a result of their efforts the Dunhuang Academy was formed to protect and study the Mogao Grottoes.
In 1987, the Mogao Grottoes were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site. While the caves are open to the public, access is now limited in order to protect the artwork. However, the caves can be seen online in digital form so that people around the world can study and enjoy them.
Despite its remoteness, the Mogao Grottoes continue to draw visitors. And just as the sand and desert have survived largely unchanged through the centuries, this small art gallery in the desert has also survived largely unchanged providing an amazing look at a world long ago past.
1. When did the Mogao Grottoes regain the world’s attention?| A．Hundreds of years ago. |
| B．In the late Qing Dynasty. |
| C．In the late eighties of the 20th century. |
| D．Around the beginning of the 20th century. |
| A．To learn about their works. |
| B．To show how hard they worked. |
| C．To compare their different styles. |
| D．To appreciate their contributions. |
| A．they can do researches online |
| B．they can enjoy the digital versions |
| C．they can watch copies in art galleries |
| D．they can study them in foreign museums |
| A．The Mogao Grottoes — Center of Buddhist Life |
| B．The Mogao Grottoes — Art Gallery in the Desert |
| C．Respected artists — Protectors of the Mogao Grottoes |
| D．An Amazing Tourist Attraction — The Mogao Grottoes |
For 19-year-old Stuart’s father, Peter, his family was his strength and pride.“Together we achieve but divided, we fall,” he often told his four sons, and Stuart was the youngest. Besides family, there was something else that Peter, 56, cherished and believed kept his family united and strong. It was his treasured farm that was passed on from generation to generation.
One day, however, his 19-year-old son, Stuart, approached his dad and told him he wanted his share of the fortune so that he could move to the city and start living his life alone. It was a terrible blow to Peter, who never wished to see his family break.
“But, you don’t know much about city life. I am afraid you’d wander like a lost lamb. This is your family, and we will always support you,” Peter disappointedly said as soon as Stuart told him his intention to leave the house.
“Dad, I’m nineteen, and I have heard plenty about the city from my friends. I don’t want to waste my time and energy farming with you. I have a purpose in life, and I don’t want to become a farmer like you.”
Peter tried changing his mind. “Son, I can give you your share of the fortune. But dear, this is too early to decide.” However, Stuart insisted on going out, so Peter had to give him his share.
Three years went by. Neither Peter nor his family heard anything about Stuart. One day, when the family least expected it, they saw a young man walk toward them. As he neared, they saw his old and dirty clothes and a face that had lost its charm. It was Stuart! Peter was shocked. “Daddy, I need your help ... I’m hungry,” Stuart cried.
“Oh, my dear ... Please sit down first,” Peter said and brought some tea and bread for him. Then Peter asked why he was in such a poor situation.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Stuart said he took the money and went to the city.
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Overwhelmed by (被震撼)their love, Stuart was moved to tears.
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China has made solid progress in pushing forward rural vitalization (乡村振兴) as
In 2018, China released a five-year plan
In 2021, agricultural technology progress
6 . Dogs are more faithful than other animals, so they are considered as man’s best friends. Recently a dog named Capitan has shown us why dogs are a symbol of
In 2005, Capitan was
Later, they tried to bring the dog home many times, but each time Capitan would
| A．honesty | B．loyalty | C．hardworking | D．generosity |
| A．cured | B．abandoned | C．sold | D．adopted |
| A．gift | B．assistant | C．tutor | D．reference |
| A．as usual | B．once again | C．soon after | D．long before |
| A．sick | B．lost | C．mature | D．hidden |
| A．Therefore | B．Moreover | C．Meanwhile | D．However |
| A．surprised | B．disappointed | C．horrified | D．embarrassed |
| A．once | B．generally | C．never | D．occasionally |
| A．occupied | B．found | C．protected | D．dug |
| A．rolling | B．sleeping | C．wandering | D．crying |
| A．followed | B．led | C．observed | D．welcomed |
| A．terrible | B．cold | C．dark | D．crowded |
| A．give back | B．run away | C．carry on | D．wake up |
| A．struggled | B．waited | C．worked | D．lived |
| A．eventually | B．immediately | C．secretly | D．probably |
7 . Household chores like cooking, cleaning, washing the dishes, and making the bed are never done; they just get repeated like a broken record. Boring!
Chores are linked to a lower dementia (痴呆) risk. To discover what activities might be linked to a lower rate of dementia, researchers analyzed massive amounts of healthcare data from the UK Biobank. They found that those most engaged in household chores had a 21 percent lower risk of dementia compared to those least engaged in chores.
Finishing your chores can increase motivation. BJ Fogg, author of Tiny Habits: The Small Changes That Change Everything, states that the most important skill is recognizing and celebrating successes. Completing even a small task, like making your bed, can give you a sense of satisfaction.
Chores are good for children’s mental health. Children develop a sense of ownership when they have jobs to do around the house and it makes them feel like they are an important member of the household.
| A．Chores are an opportunity for “me time” |
| B．Chores can lead to creative problem-solving |
| C．Thus, you feel motivated to deal with tasks one after another |
| D．In this way, they can be taught to be independent and confident |
| E．Like many people, you may regard chores as something annoying |
| F．Doing chores with children also improves the parent-child relationship |
| G．This result indicated simple changes could make a difference to health |
8 . This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.
Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as “jazz”, “rock” or “techno (高科技舞曲)”. The tool also created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences.
In one example, Google researchers included these instructions to MusicLM, “It is a soundtrack of a game. It is fast-paced and upbeat, with a catchy electric guitar riff (反复乐节). The music is repetitive and easy to remember, but with unexpected sounds ...” In the resulting recording, the music seemed to keep very close to the description. The team said the more detailed the description was, the better the system could attempt to produce it.
The MusicLM model operates similarly to the machine-learning systems used by ChatGPT. ChatGPT and MusicLM both require powerful computers to operate complex machine-learning models. The San Francisco-based company OpenAI launched ChatGPT late last year. ChatGPT has recently received a lot of attention because of its ability to generate complex writings and other content from just a simple description in natural languages. Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. Many different materials are fed into the systems to permit them to learn complex skills to create realistic works.
However, the MusicLM researchers said there were some risks linked to the new tool. One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. The researchers said this raised a question about appropriateness for music generation for cultures underrepresented in the training data.
1. What can we learn about MusicLM?| A．It is the first AI music tool to be launched. |
| B．It requires detailed descriptions of full sentences. |
| C．It creates music based on simple descriptive words. |
| D．It generates complex writings from a simple description. |
| A．They can take the place of musicians. | B．They have gained commercial success. |
| C．They don't have any practical use in life. | D．They are based on huge amounts of data. |
| A．Creating music with strong biases. | B．Requiring too much training data. |
| C．Being difficult for some people to use. | D．Producing music works with no creativity. |
| A．The future of humans with AI | B．A new AI tool to make music |
| C．Music created by some AI tools | D．AI and its function in culture development |
9 . If you had boarded a passenger plane in 1950, you would have seen five people in the cockpit (驾驶舱): two pilots, a radio operator, a navigator and a flight engineer. Over the years, technical advances have gradually removed the need for the last three, leaving just two pilots. That has been the norm (标准) in commercial aviation for decades.
However, things could be simplified further — one of the two remaining pilots could soon go. Many military aircraft are already manned by a single pilot, and for commercial aviation this would mean stepping into a brave new world.
But how will airlines make this brave innovation come true? One way is to greatly increase automation in the cockpit, devoting more tasks to computers. Another is to shift the same tasks from the cockpit to the ground. “The latter approach seems to be more workable, at least in the short term, because much of what is required already exists,” says Patrick Smith, an airline pilot flying Boeing 767 aircraft. “A trained ground operator could observe a number of flights at once and even fully control the plane remotely if needed.”
It’s true that single-pilot operations could help airlines save money, but there is another reason which makes them quicken their pace for this crucial breakthrough. Boeing predicts a need for 600,000 new pilots in the next two decades, but by some estimates, there will be a deficit (赤字) of at least 34,000 pilots globally by 2025. Reducing the number of pilots on some crews or aircraft could lessen the impact of this.
Perhaps the biggest barrier to a single pilot will be selling the idea to passengers. In 2019, Don Hairis, a professor at Coventry University, conducted a survey on the prospect of flying on an airliner with just one pilot. Just a minority of participants said they’d be willing to take that flight, and the general idea was that removing a pilot increased the possibility of accidents. In the study, Harris concluded that the single-crew airliner would be still probably 20 years away.
1. What is the potential trend in commercial aviation according to the text?| A．It will make air travel eco-friendly. |
| B．It will switch to single-pilot operations. |
| C．It will tighten its flight control for safety concerns. |
| D．It will bring in many military aircraft to the industry. |
| A．Raising the standards in admitting new pilots. | B．Making pilots adaptable to different situations. |
| C．Using computers to automate the flight process. | D．Gaining piloting support from ground operators. |
| A．The shortage of pilots. | B．The need for new airlines. |
| C．The airlines’ brave innovation. | D．The financial problem airlines face. |
| A．The prospect of single-crew airliners is bright. |
| B．It's urgent that airlines reduce airplane accidents. |
| C．Passengers are willing to try new types of airplanes. |
| D．Airlines have a long way to go before the innovation occurs. |
10 . I try to be a good father. Cook my kids good dishes, and take them to photo shoots. But compared with Dick Hoyt, I suck. Eighty-five times he’s pushed his disabled son, Rick, in marathons.
This love story began in Winchester, Mass., 43 years ago, when Rick was strangled (缠住)by the umbilical cord（脐带）during birth, leaving him brain-damaged and unable to control his limbs (四肢). “He’ll be a vegetable（植物人）the rest of his life,” doctors told Dick and his wife, Judy, when Rick was nine months old. “Put him in an institution.” But the Hoyts weren’t buying it. They noticed the way Rick’s eyes followed them around the room.
When Rick was 11, they took him to the engineering department at Tufts University. Equipped with a computer, Rick was finally able to communicate. After a high school classmate was paralyzed（使瘫痪）in an accident, and the school organized a charity run for him, Rick said, “Dad, I want to do that.” How was Dick, a man who never ran more than a mile at a time, going to push his son five miles? Still, he tried. That day changed Rick’s life. “Dad,” he typed, “when we were running, it felt like I wasn’t disabled anymore!”
That sentence changed Dick’s life. He became obsessed with giving Rick that feeling as often as he could. They even decided to try marathons. “No way,” Dick was told by a race official. They weren’t quite a single runner, and they weren’t quite a wheelchair competitor. For a few years, Dick and Rick joined the massive field and ran anyway. In 1983, they ran another marathon so fast that they made the qualifying time for the Boston Marathon the following year.
Now they’ve done 212 triathlons and 85 marathons. “ My dad is the Father of the Century,” Rick typed.
1. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?| A．The Hoyts didn’t believe it was true. | B．The Hoyts couldn’t afford any institution. |
| C．The Hoyts couldn’t deal with the situation. | D．The Hoyts had no money for their son’s treatment. |
| A．Why Rick became paralyzed. | B．How Rick started running. |
| C．Why running changed Rick’s life | D．How Rick communicated with others. |
| A．they ran a marathon very fast | B．they got support from a charity |
| C．they met a sympathetic race official | D．they had become very famous in the process |
| A．A boy with a rare disease | B．The greatest dad in the world |
| C．A tough road to world champion | D．Parents' influence on children's future |
