1. Who does the speaker probably speak to?
| A．Students. | B．Teachers. | C．Parents. |
| A．Paper bags. | B．Plastic bags. | C．Reusable bags. |
| A．Unplugging the devices. |
| B．Using energy-saving devices. |
| C．Standing beside the devices. |
| A．To call for people to take action. |
| B．To correct some wrong ideas. |
| C．To discuss different habits in life. |
If you go out to the fields at night in spring or summer, you can hear frogs singing
The frog is a good and useful creature that benefits human beings. They can catch fast-moving
But now frogs
The cause that is responsible
Something must be done as soon as possible
Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city. Helen was excited because most of her friends lived in the same street.
It was the first morning in their new house. She woke up early that day and went out on her balcony (阳台). She was expecting wonderful, lovely birds and beautiful greenery with fresh air, but instead it was the complete opposite. There was garbage right outside their front gate. There were no trees and instead of the sweet chirping (鸟叫声) of birds, there were annoying g traffic noises. Helen was angry. “What is this? Why can’t someone do anything about it?” she thought. She went inside the living room. She sat at the dining table, thinking about what she could do about the pollution in her locality.
The next day at school, she went into her class and asked loudly, “Who’s fed up with stinking garbage?” This caught many students’ attention. “Who’s fed up with air pollution and the diseases spread by it?” This time many students answered, “Me!” Helen smiled and then said, “We must clean our surroundings. So help me get rid of the garbage. Help me pick it up! That’s the best thing we can do. We will all go to other classes and ask if they want to join us. I am sure as long as we work together, our community will become a better place!”
In the break time, they all went to other classes, and by the end of the school day, Helen had gathered almost 25 students ready to help her. The day before cleaning, the students took out their pocket money and bought garbage bags, masks and gloves.
注意：1. 续写词数应为120左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4 . The city of Venice, Italy, has finally made a long-awaited decision. Starting on August 1, 2021, cruise ships (游轮) will no longer be allowed to enter the city’s waters.
Contrary to popular opinion, these cruise ship visitors contribute relatively little to the local tourism economy. The New York Times reported cruise ship passengers add up to 73% of visitors, but contribute a mere 18% of tourism dollars. The percentage is inverted for people who spend at least one night at a hotel; they represent 14% of visitors, but 48% of the business.
Many people are overjoyed by the news, especially environmental activists. Firstly, the cruise ships would disturb the waterways and erode (侵蚀) the foundations of already weak buildings. A 2019 study published in Nature found the waves created by large ships could “redistribute industrial pollutants already present in the waters.” Others have said these same waves made huge holes in the underwater bottoms of buildings, making them unstable. Furthermore, when canals are deepened in order to allow larger boats, it destroys coastal habitats and makes floods worse. This is part of the reason why, in recent years, Venice has experienced terrible flooding that completely flooded St. Mark’s Square and other landmarks.
The announcement came as a surprise as many did not expect the regional government to act so quickly. In April a similar ban was issued, but it depended on finding an alternative port for the ships—a requirement that local people complained could take years to achieve. The announcement made last week, however, did away with that condition, allowing the city to move forward quickly with the ban.
1. What does the underlined word “inverted” mean in Paragraph 2?| A．Increased slightly. | B．Looked down upon. | C．Adjusted accordingly. | D．Turned upside down. |
| A．Reasons for Venice’s terrible floods. | B．Dangers cruise ships brought about. |
| C．Reaction to the long-awaited decision. | D．Damage waves did to buildings. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Hopeful. | C．Doubtful. | D．Objective. |
| A．Venice Says “No” to Cruise Ships. | B．The Long-awaited Decision to be Made. |
| C．Cruise Ships Erodes Ancient Venice. | D．Venice Tries to Protect Its Waterway. |
5 . Traditionally, profiting from forests often meant capitalizing on timber (木材) —choosing commercial timber. Yet increasingly, there is an understanding that it’s of greater significance to keep trees standing than cut them down for financial profit. Money is not everything. We have to recognize real and lasting value is from natural resources. But money is a fact of life.
Good news is that we can expect entire natural woodland is left undamaged and still provides a revenue (收益) stream. Leaving woodland complete does not necessarily mean that we do not touch it at all. Conservation work may involve building back biodiversity or the removal of foreign plant species.
A healthy woodland system can provide a range of yields (产物). Besides eatable yields—top fruit, berries, and food crops, it produces substances for chemical use. The non-timber forest products provided by natural ecosystems vary significantly depending on where they are. But there are always more ways to explore to acquire revenue.
A project in the UK, for example, shows woodland itself is also a draw for visitors. It engages a community who creates a sustainable area of woodland. The community largely obtains revenue by opening up parts of the natural woodland to the public with an adventure playground and outdoor recreational activities on the site. It also offers courses on nest building, special wildlife events and more. The project is thought to have great uniqueness. It centers round the existing natural land; the yields that woodland provides become by products.
Recreational activities, tours, and classes are just the commencement. A rich and bio-diverse woodland can be an ecosystem that draws in more people looking for a beautiful place to stay. Woodland has great value in ecological and social terms. And when you nurse it, it could also add to the income from your land.
1. What do people increasingly think about forest conservation?| A．It means making full use of timber. | B．It outweighs financial benefit. |
| C．It is extremely difficult to carry out. | D．It is all about rebuilding biodiversity. |
| A．It provides lots of recreational activities. | B．It highlights educational experiences. |
| C．It makes woodland itself the main product. | D．It focuses on nursing the natural land. |
| A．Intention. | B．Beginning. | C．Wish. | D．Exception. |
| A．Forest conservation has been a top priority. |
| B．A project helps create sustainable woodland. |
| C．Non-timber products help gain more benefit. |
| D．Woodland brings profit while staying complete. |
6 . Lithium (锂) is called “white gold” for good reason. The metal’s value has been growing rapidly over the last several years, mainly because it is an essential material of lithium-ion batteries, which play an important part in several key sustainable technologies, e. g. electric cars.
As ocean waves, wind and solar power have grown into major players in the energy industry, lithium has also become key to building a future free of petrol. But getting lithium comes at a huge cost. As with most metals, its mining is damaging. It often works like this: Briny water, containing lithium and other metals, is pumped to the surface from underground. Then it sits in pools to allow the water to evaporate, leaving the rest behind as poisonous matter. Workers use chemical reactions to remove the lithium from that, making it into powder which is then packaged and shipped to the buyers around the world. Any accident that releases mine matter into surrounding communities or the groundwater supply could have damaging long-term impacts.
Indigenous (原住民) communities often bear the result of the damage, and political leaders have paid little attention to their concerns. In Arizona, for example, an expanding lithium mine is threatening the Hualapai Tribe’s historical sites. And for politicians who have promised to work with native peoples to deal with it, mining lithium and other precious metals is putting them into a dilemma: How do you ensure the availability of materials which are essential to the future while protecting indigenous people’ rights?
Mining of the metal is expected to increase greatly in coming years. Over time, that will make electric cars inexpensive and, therefore, more popular.
As environmentally conscious consumers buy electric cars in ever-greater numbers, it’s important to be aware of the dirty process that powers those clean air vehicles.
1. What do we know about Lithium in paragraph 1 and paragraph 2?| A．It’s a kind of battery. | B．It will be widely used in the future. |
| C．Only Lithium can replace fossil fuels. | D．It is the same with wind and solar power. |
| A．It’s easily done. | B．It does harm to the environment. |
| C．It costs much money. | D．The workers benefit a lot from it. |
| A．The shortage of Lithium. |
| B．The prices of electric cars. |
| C．Their people will no longer support them. |
| D．The balance between it and environment protection. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Indifferent. | C．Worried. | D．Optimistic. |
7 . While it throws out about 90 pounds of food per person every year, Japan doesn’t rank at the top of the world’s list of wasteful nations. Still, what’s thrown away represents a serious problem for an island nation with limited landfill space and a goal of greater sustainability. Reinvention can offer an alternative. A Japanese company is taking vegetable peels, cooking oil and other used foodstuffs and making entirely different products.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world, and its key element, cement, is a major polluter of greenhouse emissions. So what if a more sustainable alterative were possible by making cement with food waste, which also would help reduce greenhouse emissions from landfills where that waste would otherwise be thrown away? That’s the idea behind Fabula, a Tokyo-based start-up.
Researchers at Fabula created a recipe to make food concrete by drying leftovers and pressing them into a mold (模具) at a high temperature. The company, founded by researchers at the University of Tokyo, began with items commonly thrown away like cabbage and orange peels but found that almost any food item can be used. It now takes mostly coffee grounds and tea leaves to make its cement. The product’s durability depends on the components.
Fabula is currently producing made-to-order household items, such as coasters and dishes, while awaiting its patent. The goal is to make furniture and larger structures once the technology is able to make the cement more durable. Food production companies that can’t avoid generating waste during their processes have reached out to work with the company. “We hope to become a matching service between companies that have food waste and companies who want to build things out of such materials,” said Takuma Oishi, Fabula’s chief commercial officer.
Since the cement is 100 percent eatable, it could create opportunities during disaster response when temporary structures need to be built quickly. The people inside might even turn to them for food. If the technology advances enough, Oishi suggested, someday we may be able “to eat the homes or furniture when necessary”.
1. Which problem Japan faces is mentioned in paragraph 1?| A．Food waste. |
| B．Garbage littering. |
| C．Energy crisis. |
| D．Environmental pollution. |
| A．Using food remains in recipes. |
| B．Finding a cheaper alternative to landfills. |
| C．Making a novel building material from leftovers. |
| D．Cutting greenhouse gases by recycling home devices. |
| A．The diversity of food sources. |
| B．The prospects of the company. |
| C．The innovation of a traditional cuisine. |
| D．The process of developing food concrete. |
| A．It can fill stomachs. |
| B．It’s solid and lasting. |
| C．It can prevent disasters. |
| D．It’s delicate but cost-free. |
8 . Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their
They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had
So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden
The team has won the Silver Award for their
| A．dream | B．hobby | C．career | D．decision |
| A．doubled | B．aged | C．declined | D．exploded |
| A．management | B．assessment | C．selection | D．destruction |
| A．relied on | B．kept off | C．broke down | D．gave away |
| A．partly | B．secretly | C．rarely | D．specially |
| A．attracted | B．protected | C．monitored | D．trapped |
| A．employ | B．educate | C．force | D．limit |
| A．meant | B．cost | C．changed | D．hurt |
| A．dry | B．medical | C．healthy | D．wild |
| A．pleasing | B．light | C．long | D．disappointing |
| A．project | B．concept | C．schedule | D．assignment |
| A．concerned | B．connected | C．finished | D．occupied |
| A．chemicals | B．time | C．funds | D．energy |
| A．quoted | B．continued | C．replied | D．commented |
| A．donations | B．support | C．patience | D．efforts |
9 . A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow for making better use of plastic waste. A team of Washington State University researchers developed a simple and efficient way to transform polylactic acid (PLA)(聚乳酸), a bio-based plastic used in products such as filament, plastic silverware and food packaging to a high-quality resin.
“We found a way to immediately turn this into something that’s stronger and better, and we hope that will provide people the inspiration to upcycle this stuff instead of just throw it away,” said Yu-Chung Chang, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and a co-corresponding author on the work. “We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.”
Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t break down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.
“It’s biodegradable and compostable, but once you look into it, it turns out that it can take up to 100 years for it to rot away in a landfill,” Chang said. “In reality, it still creates a lot of pollution. We want to make sure that when we do start producing PLA on the milliontons scale, we will know how to deal with it.”
While the researchers focused on PLA for the study, they hope to apply the work to poly-ethylene terephthalate (PET) (涤纶树脂), which is more common than PLA and has a similar chemical structure and presents a bigger waste problem. They have filed a temporary patent and are working to further optimize (优化) the process. The researchers are also looking into other applications for the upcycling method.
1. What can the method help do according to paragraph 1?| A．Solve financial crisis. | B．Change waste into wealth. |
| C．Control plastic production. | D．Determine 3D printing skills. |
| A．Promising. | B．Unrealistic. | C．Imaginable. | D．Reliable. |
| A．Invaluable to recycle. | B．Easy to deal with. |
| C．Hard to break down. | D．Difficult to sort out. |
| A．Applications for an upcylcing method. |
| B．A better method to break down plastic. |
| C．3D printing with newly found materials. |
| D．A new way to turn plastic into valuable products. |
(1)乱停放自行车造成的不良影响；
(2)发出倡议。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：random随意的
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