2 . With the development of our society, cellphones have become a common part in our lives. Have you ever run into a careless cellphone user in the street? Maybe they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族).

Recently a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die. A pretty woman takes a selfie (自拍) in front of a car accident site. And a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.

Although the ending of the film sounds unrealistic, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and the result of it. "Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck," Guangming Daily quoted doctors' words. "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching." Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.

But that's not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. When getting together with family or friends, many people prefer to play their cellphones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight.

1. Why does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2?

A．To suggest phubbers will destroy the world.

B．To call for people to go walking without phones.

C．To tell people the bad effects of phubbing.

D．To advise students to create more cartoons like this.

2. According to the passage, what risks may a phubber have?
① Destructing the world.
② Affecting his social skills.
③ Damaging his neck and eyesight.
④ Getting separated from his friends and family.

A．①②④

B．②③④

C．①③④

D．①②③④

3. What's the author's attitude towards phubbing?

A．Supportive.

B．Confident.

C．Disapproving.

D．Unconcerned.

4. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?

A．Ways to avoid the risks of phubbing.	B．Bad effects of phubbing.
C．Daily life of phubbers.	D．Behaviours of phubbers.

3 . Some colors that people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts call clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression.

Doctors use the words “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters to different colors. The animals were separated into 4 groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in blue light, a third group slept in white light. While a fourth was put in red light. After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the more depressed animals drank the less amount of water.

Randy Nelson, who heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University, says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is these animals didn’t show any sleep disruptions at all but they did have messed up circadian clock genes (生物钟基因)and they did show sign of depression whereas if they were in the pale red light, they did not.” He says there’s a lot of blue in white light, which explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters that see red light or darkness.

Mr Nelson has suggestions for people who work late at night, or those who like to stay up late.

“My recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active life during the day, mostly inactive at night, you need to limit exposure to TVs which are quite bluish in the light they give off and computer screens and things like that. You can get filtered glass, you can get filters (过滤器) on your computer screen and filters on your eReaders to put it more in the reddish light.”

1. How did the researchers carry out the study?

A．By examples.	B．By comparison.
C．By reasoning.	D．By explanation.

2. What can we conclude from the findings of the study?

A．Hamsters appear to be more upset.

B．The animals had messed up circadian clock genes.

C．These animals showed some sleep disruptions.

D．Animals in blue and white light appeared the most depressed.

3. Which one will Mr. Nelson recommend?

A．Stay up late.	B．Be in bluish light.
C．Limit exposure to TVs.	D．Get filters on your electronic equipment.

4. Where can you probably find the above text?

A．In a science magazine.	B．In a fashion brochure.
C．In a research report.	D．In a book review.

5 . Choosing the Right Career

For many students, choosing a career is the most important life decision they must make at school. However, choosing the right career is not that easy.    1     If you take the following steps, you will have a good chance of finding a career that interests you for a long time.

Step One: Reflection

Before you decide upon a career, think about your interests and your talents. Ask yourself: What do I enjoy doing? What am I good at?     2    

Step Two: Planning

    3    Read books describing different kinds of work, the typical qualifications (资格) required, and the typical salaries for various jobs. Also, talk to people already doing the jobs that interest you. And try out careers by taking internships (实习) or part-time jobs

Step Three: Selection

Consider what kind of personality you have and what your value is: What is really important to you?     4     If so, a job as a computer programmer may not be the best option. If you like the security of getting a monthly salary, then starting a business probably is not for you. And remember that you can always change your mind. Most people change jobs several times during their working life.     5    Your first job right after college probably will not be your career 30 years from now. Be flexible and allow yourself to change if you are not satisfied with your chosen career.

A．So how can you find a satisfying one?

B．Then think about jobs that match you.

C．Make an overall survey about your target job.

D．Perhaps you like working face to face with people.

E．So don’t push yourself to make the perfect decision right now

7 . Dear Alcohol,

You’ve been around forever. I can remember all the pain you’ve caused for me.

Do you remember the night you almost took my father’s life? I do. He loves you. Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He’s addicted to you, to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street, crashing into two other cars. He wasn’t the only one hurt by you that night.

Do you remember the night of my first high school party? You were there. My friends were intrigued by you. They treated you as if they were never going to see you again, drinking all of you that they could. I spent two hours that night helping my friends who had fallen completely. “I’m so embarrassed,” they said as I held their hair back so that they could vomit（呕吐）. “I’m sorry,” they said when I called taxis for them, walking them out and paying the driver in advance. “This won’t happen again,” they said as they were sent to the hospital to have their stomachs pumped. Two 15-year-old girls slept in hospital beds that night thanks to you.

Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons? Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car and killed the two people in the other car? He died the next morning too. His sister walked home from her dance lesson, and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn’t realize her brother was in the midst of it all. She never saw him again. And it’s all your fault.

I wish you’d walk out of my life forever. I don’t want anything to do with you. Look at all the pain you’ve caused. Sure, you’ve made people happy too from time to time. But the damage you’ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable. Stop luring（引诱）in the people I love. Stop hurting me, please.

Sincerely,

Anonymous

1. What is author’s purpose in writing to alcohol?

A．To introduce Mr. Alcohol to the readers

B．To describe the harm alcohol did to his family.

C．To show how much alcohol can hurt people.

D．To show the great fun that alcohol can bring to people’s life.

2. What did alcohol do to the author’s father?

A．It made him crash into two other cars and took his life.

B．It made him drink too much and he had to get his stomach pumped.

C．It made him kill two other people when driving.

D．It made him get into a car accident and badly injure himself.

3. What is the tone of the article?

A．Critical.	B．Doubtful.
C．Unconcerned.	D．Humorous.

4. What is the main writing technique of the passage?

A．Making something more noticeable than usual.

B．Representing something in the form of a person.

C．Describing something by listing its harmfulness.

D．Comparing one thing with another to make his point clear.

8 . The other day, my sister and I were sitting in the restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, four-year-old Willow and seven-year-old Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments——over a fork, or who had more water in a glass--never stopped.

Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads, and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation.

After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said, “I don’t want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I am afraid that it’s bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think it’s OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.”

Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli(刺激物), like iPads and smartphone screen, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting(互动)with people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain communication skills.

“Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone,” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will come to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy(亲密) without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you don’t teach your children to be alone, they will only know how to be lonely,” she said.

1. What did Willow and Luca fight about?

A．Little things.	B．iPads.
C．Delicious food.	D．Interesting things.

2. How did the author’s sister feel about offering children iPads?

A．She loved doing it very much	B．She was uncertain about its effects.
C．She felt it was worth a try.	D．She felt surprised at its effect.

3. According to Dr. Small, what should parents do?

A．Provide their children with various technologies.

B．Teach their children communication skills.

C．Limit their children’s screen time.

D．Talk to their children at the dinner table.

4. What is Sherry Turkle worried?

A．Children are afraid of taking risks.

B．Children try to escape from the real world.

C．Children can’t deal with time when they have to be alone.

D．Children can’t live without electronic devices.