吉林省长春市第一O八中学校2023-2024学年七年级下学期5月期中数学试题
吉林
七年级
期中
2024-05-22
112次
整体难度:
容易
考查范围:
图形的变化、方程与不等式、图形的性质
一、单选题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76bc8e50eeccced1d7f3bc52e09a7d03.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4f52ba40a647fb35835786f0d900bace.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7886acfbb0ee6bb3d70ceef1c735cdaa.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/194741f4d2ae7ee44cafca780361446a.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
【知识点】 三角形的外角的定义及性质解读
A.9 | B.14 | C.18 | D.22 |
【知识点】 不等式的性质解读 三角形三边关系的应用解读
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
【知识点】 三角形的稳定性及应用解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
【知识点】 古代问题(二元一次方程组的应用)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1326c3d3085ad38985e25b6ce39044b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4b58fa64e2ded2856cbe96d9f8baaea.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/061813f1ec633c5c4c393c4de7938322.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/10c8c770cacca6715e76ef44bbef0d8f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a57458464618fcf619375a93d3c66d69.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/464c48c3824c75fbb08966d33e21e0fc.png)
A.1.45 | B.1.64 | C.1.92 | D.2.05 |
【知识点】 方程的解解读 解一元一次方程——拓展解读
二、填空题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9d66d262a5e33c087ff9c95ade88c53.png)
【知识点】 求一元一次不等式的解集解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5b69d40b75d582c4b8ffa2369af1d41.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/242b88a92c3f78aab24d2cc6944c53ec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f677175ac1313c715bf876123f7573c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b4948f4794588985b582d247312cc210.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f2ea13010e2399194be2a681310543e.png)
【知识点】 根据三角形中线求面积解读
【知识点】 三角形内角和定理的应用解读
三、解答题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f4711a7246876cbb7bf03a86c43fd1b2.png)
(2)解不等式:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/34b31808f17fc1349fa90d6c5967ba86.png)
已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/432d77fe5ad3032d59a237dd94c8a638.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3e6f8f50d4f7c3b56f1e24af2c41e6a6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e4c75f00b56014614772810c3cee498.png)
解:因为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/432d77fe5ad3032d59a237dd94c8a638.png)
所以
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6cae151a9f28fb238befc31ef5542e4.png)
所以
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/917957604b2be6c96880fe5ab1549878.png)
问:
(1)上述解题过程中,从第 步开始出现错误;
(2)错误的原因 .
(3)请写出正确的解题过程.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c02b54dc6b3e1bb6544f47d4c8743fcf.png)
(1)求这个正多边形的边数.
(2)如果该正多边形与另外一个与其边长相等的正多边形能铺满地面,直接写出这个正多边形的边数.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/13a96e9c2e2a15130d1d56a1d0e16b72.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bdaa19de263700a15fcf213d64a8cd57.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/073bd7b975e8517c6ee611dc45bb4b57.png)
(2)在图②中画出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03902478df1a55bc99703210bccab910.png)
(3)求出图③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
【知识点】 三角形的识别与有关概念解读 画轴对称图形解读 利用网格求三角形面积
(1)求甲,乙两种书的单价分别为多少元:
(2)若学校决定购买以上两种书的总费用不超过3200元,那么该校最多可以购买甲种书多少本?
如图①,在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a8793053fbb2ac5a3122b092a575124.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d97dc3b752832906de41447bb58a341.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d39b8d91afc34e4a9b0fdbb6bafb9087.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e52a8f07834cbbbe4224962672fbbb2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8fabb884dc5f9609de491245463bbe9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c543c3ddc3723fde6bbfca3ea3b921b.png)
解:∵
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c94abb37fcf526644b9eb04a9afaf7bb.png)
∴
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/da224b15dcd3f2271afc0b793a16b1b8.png)
∵
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a8793053fbb2ac5a3122b092a575124.png)
∴
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/da224b15dcd3f2271afc0b793a16b1b8.png)
∵
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d97dc3b752832906de41447bb58a341.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d39b8d91afc34e4a9b0fdbb6bafb9087.png)
∴
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4297f3f84b10e27072196422a26bbadc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/224efa56edbd3f01436b25c3e66adb50.png)
∴
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41e3bb14404178768a6669eacbda5820.png)
∵
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37260ad1dd9cb27a2722201ccf4aeabd.png)
∴
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d56a4e246630bab08ade0d1ceb7a9407.png)
【拓展】如图②,在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1fd465973943bcd766b5275ee204bbf2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d97dc3b752832906de41447bb58a341.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d39b8d91afc34e4a9b0fdbb6bafb9087.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e52a8f07834cbbbe4224962672fbbb2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8fabb884dc5f9609de491245463bbe9a.png)
则
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b7960538cb70fcf641b94864a90190d.png)
【应用】如图③,在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d97dc3b752832906de41447bb58a341.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d39b8d91afc34e4a9b0fdbb6bafb9087.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e52a8f07834cbbbe4224962672fbbb2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8fabb884dc5f9609de491245463bbe9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ccaee8f228ff24e7c89879bb5b999cf2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e142544a6d4e6851096afbd3cbad2fe2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1fc56c77464a17a1e97b568762a3e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f3702b5620dbee356a8e560c78d223ad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6d1f8bd4ee656597b2c6f129e12c369.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2a8bf5e05a07c93a7104839fc21849.png)
【知识点】 与角平分线有关的三角形内角和问题解读
有些关于方程组的问题,欲求的结果不是每一个未知数的值,而是关于未知数的代数式的值,如以下问题:
已知实数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/569c8f36e4589ad720bf20aac44bf9ed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f745164d3db53fe09f358df7bee8e6c3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/af1ddeed7b35acd5bd47b69ff5a57f38.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/70605f2e62ff1bfb683eead041326ee0.png)
本题常规思路是将①②两式联立组成方程组,解得
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d7b25a6435c32342531294d5aa1b542c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fa8f5b103e9a9eb47ba866d6677301a2.png)
【解决问题】
(1)已知二元一次方程组
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d8a16049229f5c076ea2f0f3c6eda125.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/059d6df06a5b85848dc4fa33327f8e07.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b88584cf1df43e28d03592c7998b1653.png)
(2)初二(3)班组织书法比赛,要购买一些学习用品用于发奖,若买20支铅笔、3块橡皮、2本日记本共需33元,买39支铅笔、5块橡皮、3本日记本共需60元,则购买2支铅笔、2块橡皮、2本日记本共需多少元?
(3)对于实数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aa87a2679700dcd377cd05752f32608a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/071a7e733d466949ac935b4b8ee8d183.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f905800b8a9105f13a30f08943537496.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8949a574085954a8e41be7791a723d04.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24b6494d7ba4537b7b964021311cc8f6.png)
【知识点】 二元一次方程组的特殊解法解读 三元一次方程组的应用
(2)当t=5时,求BP的长;
(3)当点P到达点C之前,求△ACP的面积(用含t的代数式表示);
(4)当△ABP是等腰三角形时,直接写出t的值.
【知识点】 几何问题(一元一次方程的应用)解读 等腰三角形的定义
试卷分析
试卷题型(共 24题)
试卷难度
知识点分析
细目表分析 导出
题号 | 难度系数 | 详细知识点 | 备注 |
一、单选题 | |||
1 | 0.94 | 轴对称图形的识别 | |
2 | 0.65 | 加减消元法 | |
3 | 0.94 | 三角形的外角的定义及性质 | |
4 | 0.94 | 多边形内角和问题 | |
5 | 0.85 | 不等式的性质 三角形三边关系的应用 | |
6 | 0.94 | 三角形的稳定性及应用 | |
7 | 0.65 | 古代问题(二元一次方程组的应用) | |
8 | 0.85 | 方程的解 解一元一次方程——拓展 | |
二、填空题 | |||
9 | 0.85 | 代入消元法 | |
10 | 0.85 | 求一元一次不等式的解集 | |
11 | 0.94 | 三角板中角度计算问题 与余角、补角有关的计算 三角形的外角的定义及性质 | |
12 | 0.94 | 正多边形的内角问题 | |
13 | 0.85 | 根据三角形中线求面积 | |
14 | 0.65 | 三角形内角和定理的应用 | |
三、解答题 | |||
15 | 0.85 | 解一元一次方程(一)——合并同类项与移项 求一元一次不等式的解集 在数轴上表示不等式的解集 | 计算题 |
16 | 0.65 | 加减消元法 求一元一次不等式组的整数解 | 计算题 |
17 | 0.85 | 不等式的性质 | 问答题 |
18 | 0.85 | 平面镶嵌 正多边形的内角问题 正多边形的外角问题 | 问答题 |
19 | 0.85 | 三角形的识别与有关概念 画轴对称图形 利用网格求三角形面积 | 作图题 |
20 | 0.65 | 其他问题(二元一次方程组的应用) 用一元一次不等式解决实际问题 | 问答题 |
21 | 0.85 | 直角三角形的两个锐角互余 三角形的外角的定义及性质 三角形内角和定理的应用 | 问答题 |
22 | 0.65 | 与角平分线有关的三角形内角和问题 | 问答题 |
23 | 0.65 | 二元一次方程组的特殊解法 三元一次方程组的应用 | 问答题 |
24 | 0.65 | 几何问题(一元一次方程的应用) 等腰三角形的定义 | 问答题 |