名校
1 . 波斯诗人奥马尔·海亚姆于十一世纪发现了一元三次方程
的几何求解方法.在直角坐标系
中,P,Q两点在x轴上,以
为直径的圆与抛物线C:
交于点
,
.已知
是方程
的一个解,则点P的坐标为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19db0a8b4c9108e50d1d1de215220139.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5b80ba68333c85361226405acf33d56.png)
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2 . 抛物线有一条重要性质:从焦点发出的光线,经过抛物线上的一点反射后,反射光线平行于抛物线的轴.如图所示,从抛物线
的焦点
向
轴上方发出的两条光线
分别经抛物线上的
两点反射,已知两条入射光线与
轴所成角均为
,且
,则两条反射光线
之间的距离为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e6c830bfa9a1b979a1a9665166424bf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/62ff2912fd8d93b6e692936d95b727c5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
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解题方法
3 . 圆锥曲线因其特殊的形状而存在着特殊的光学性质.我们知道,抛物线的光学性质是平行于抛物线对称轴的光线经抛物线反射后汇聚于其焦点;双曲线的光学性质是从双曲线一个焦点发出的光,经过双曲线反射后,反射光线的反向延长线都汇聚到双曲线的另一个焦点上.卡式望远镜就是应用这些性质设计的.下图为卡式望远镜的中心截面示意图,其主要由两块反射镜组成,主镜是中央开孔的凹抛物面镜
,副镜是双曲线左支的旋转面型凸双曲面镜
,主镜对应抛物线的顶点与副镜对应双曲线的中心重合,当平行光线投射到主镜上时,经过主镜反射,将汇聚到主镜的焦点
处,但光线尚未汇聚时,又受到以
为焦点的凸双曲面镜的反射,穿过主镜中心的开孔后汇聚于另一个焦点
处.以
的中点为原点,
为
轴,建立平面直角坐标系.若
米,凹抛物面镜的口径
为
米,凸双曲面镜的口径
为1米,要使副镜的反射光线全部通过凹抛物面镜
的中央孔洞,则孔洞直径最小为___________ 米.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
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![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/7/93e98f43-64f8-4671-8aab-f68559e8286f.png?resizew=181)
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4 . 设抛物线
与
相切,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/380bbacf854e30e2e747fc286d2b9997.png)
______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/344ccbf79da6ad7e3709d6fa72efb756.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c0d45d146c1df586e69bad35394a85bd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/380bbacf854e30e2e747fc286d2b9997.png)
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5 . 一束光线由点
出发沿
轴反方向射向抛物线
上一点
,反射光线所在直线与抛物线交于另一点
,则直线
的斜率为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6e62f59c32ce372b30f8369506a0a53.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a5f1641947153c80b987320885a2b57.png)
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6 . 抛物线有如下光学性质:由其焦点射出的光线经抛物线反射后,沿平行于抛物线对称轴的方向射出.反之,平行于抛物线对称轴的入射光线经抛物线反射后必过抛物线的焦点.已知抛物线
:
(
)焦点为
,准线为
,
为坐标原点,一束平行于
轴的光线
从点
(点
在抛物线
内)射入,经过
上的点
反射后,再经过
上另一点
反射后,沿直线
射出,且经过点
,若直线
与抛物线
的准线交于点
,则直线
的斜率为______ ;若
,且
平分
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df5be1440d099f464ef46dee39de6010.png)
______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9fc58c62444bf42a25289c45425a00f2.png)
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2023-03-13更新
|
399次组卷
|
5卷引用:陕西省榆林市2023届高三下学期二模文科数学试题
7 . 圆锥曲线有着令人惊奇的光学性质,这些性质均与它们的焦点有关.如:从椭圆的一个焦点处出发的光线照射到椭圆上,经过反射后通过椭圆的另一个焦点;从抛物线的焦点处出发的光线照射到抛物线上,经反射后的光线平行于抛物线的轴.某次科技展览中某展品的一个截面由抛物线的一部分
和一个“双孔”的椭圆
构成(小孔在椭圆的右上方).如图,椭圆
为
的焦点,
为下顶点,
也为
的焦点,若由
发出一条光线经过点
反射后穿过一个小孔再经抛物线上的点
反射后平行于
轴射出,由
发出的另一条光线经由椭圆
上的点
反射后穿过另一个小孔再经抛物线上的点
反射后平行于
轴射出,若两条平行光线间隔
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e4d9a60e84e84dc7cb4a18d1f00e6e6e.png)
__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
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![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/25/d114b21c-af4f-46bc-ac5e-ee27d25d7491.png?resizew=178)
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8 . 已知抛物线
,点
在抛物线上且位于x轴两侧,若
(O为坐标原点),则
面积的最小值为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/508ea1406db5c05c8616b2fdbe30bc3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1f5a73eb4a739ca100656f4079b527f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
9 . 已知点
是抛物线
上不同的两点,
为抛物线的焦点,且满足
,弦
的中点
到直线
的距离记为
,若
,则
的最小值为_______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94165c5047e68e952df7a8dc6dc32fda.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b1183df9f26985febdc844cda75ed4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3573b9695b44e979b8e1ae9bcffb469e.png)
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![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
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10 . 根据抛物线的光学性质可知,从抛物线的焦点发出的光线经该抛物线反射后与对称轴平行,一条平行于对称轴的光线经该抛物线反射后会经过抛物线的焦点.如图所示,从
沿直线
发出的光线经抛物线
两次反射后,回到光源接收器
,则该光线经过的路程为___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b4a2b6903a43f3b11cafb03bc23f02a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f617b6bfb31dc4556a0e9f1f547164ea.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/745de5ef1fd897d16e37464172d5e8c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07ee70f162a8e6d8b4da58b6189b0b33.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/1/21/2899348862803968/2901325183606784/STEM/d388bd2d-de83-477e-b253-a8cf61237a3f.png?resizew=161)
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2022-01-24更新
|
784次组卷
|
12卷引用:内蒙古通辽市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试数学(文)试题
内蒙古通辽市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试数学(文)试题贵州省遵义市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试数学(理)试题贵州省遵义市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试数学(文)试题河北省石家庄市行唐县2022届高三上学期期末数学试题重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年高二下学期第一次月考数学试题河北省邯郸市十校联考2022届高三上学期期末数学试题青海省海东市2022届高考一模数学(理)试题青海省海东市2022届高考一模数学(文)试题安徽省宣城中学2023届高三原创模拟金卷(一)数学试题(已下线)专题3.3 抛物线(4类必考点)-2022-2023学年高二数学必考点分类集训系列(人教A版2019选择性必修第一册)(已下线)专题3.18 圆锥曲线的方程全章综合测试卷-提高篇-2022-2023学年高二数学举一反三系列(人教A版2019选择性必修第一册)(已下线)高二上学期期末【常考60题考点专练】(选修一+选修二)-2022-2023学年高二数学考试满分全攻略(人教A版2019选修第一册)