1 . Golf has a length problem. The farther players drive the ball, the longer holes need to be, so that skills like iron play and putting (打球入洞) remain important. But the longer courses are, the more they cost to maintain and the worse their environmental impact. They also become more daunting for recreational golfers, who keep them in business.
In 2004, golf’s regulators introduced limits on the size of clubs (球杆), hoping to slow the trend of ever-longer drives. Nonetheless, the inflation has continued quickly. On November 15th a famous record tumbled (下跌): someone completed the Masters Tournament in fewer than 270 strokes, the mark Tiger Woods set when he won his first major title in 1997. The new low of 268 belongs to Dustin Johnson, who has averaged more than 300 yards a pop throughout his career. He achieved the feat even though the Augusta National course is 8% longer than in 1997.
How have golfers continued to blast the ball farther than ever? The PGA Tour publishes ball-tracking statistics, which suggest that, although better equipment may have helped, players’ recent gains stem largely from their technique — and even bigger improvements now appear inevitable.
The data come from ShotLink, a system that tracks how fast a golfer swings (“clubhead speed”), his ball’s trajectory (“launch angle”) and its rotation speed (“spin rate”). A statistical model using these metrics was built to predict driving distances. Together, the three factors explained 70% of the differences between players’ distances, and almost all of the increase in length over time.
The model’s lessons are intuitive. To thump the ball as far as possible, one should maximise clubhead speed and launch angle while minimising spin. However, most players face a trade-off between these goals. Harder impacts usually mean flatter trajectories.
One golfer, however, has escaped this constraint. Bryson DeChambeau, a physics graduate with oddly designed club, is nicknamed the “Mad Scientist”. He gained 18kg of weight while the PGA Tour was suspended. This has allowed him to swing faster than anyone else. But he has also managed to smash the ball with a high launch angle — an unprecedented combination that might owe something to his unusually stiff wrists and robotic technique. Using both his brains and his brawn, Mr DeChambeau is now hitting 15 yards farther than his closest competitors do.
Mark Broadie, a golf statistician, reckons that other professionals will try to beef up. But golf history is full of players who lost their edge after making small changes to their swings. And time may yet show that the risks of Mr DeChambeau’s bombs-away approach offset some of the rewards. He strayed into the rough (球场长草区) often at the Masters.
Nonetheless, the Mad Scientist’s breakthrough is bad news for course designers. They will probably have to keep fiddling with their fairways on the golf courses for years to come.
1. The author mentions Tiger Woods in Paragraph 2 to show ________.A.golf drives are increasingly farther | B.the number of records is falling |
C.game time is lengthening gradually | D.golf courses are growing longer |
A.finer equipment | B.longer courses | C.larger build | D.better techniques |
A.He has invented the never-failing bombs-away approach. |
B.He is a golf statistician who spends a lot of time in the gym. |
C.He actively urges course designers to update the golf courses. |
D.He has managed to swing the ball fast without flatter trajectories. |
A.Changes to the swing shall be made with great caution. |
B.Longer courses will cause more problems than benefits. |
C.Professionals should follow Mr DeChambeau’s lead. |
D.Other golfers should be brave enough to take risks. |
2 . My teammates cheered.
Long before Camcorders (便携式摄像机) tapes, our coach would have every game
He rarely
In the film room, Coach
During the game, though it looked like I wouldn’t make the block, I
I wasn’t a good football player. The truth is, I was
He was right then, and is right now. Thanks, Coach.
1.A.played | B.lost | C.hated | D.filmed |
A.practice | B.dinner | C.homework | D.activity |
A.analysis | B.criticism | C.goal | D.feature |
A.carried | B.put | C.tried | D.pointed |
A.highlights | B.faults | C.lines | D.jokes |
A.punished | B.ignored | C.trained | D.disappointed |
A.good | B.slow | C.quick | D.qualified |
A.insist on | B.turn down | C.talk about | D.give in |
A.removed | B.backed | C.appreciated | D.shared |
A.record | B.design | C.abandon | D.make |
A.learn | B.witness | C.have | D.ruin |
A.kept | B.mentioned | C.delayed | D.stopped |
A.bent | B.lay | C.knelt | D.calmed |
A.in honor of | B.in place of | C.in front of | D.in search of |
A.second | B.opening | C.winning | D.own |
A.lucky | B.unwilling | C.medium | D.valuable |
A.speed | B.influence | C.knowledge | D.strength |
A.negative | B.right | C.cautious | D.clever |
A.lately | B.formally | C.normally | D.eventually |
A.kindness | B.efforts | C.creativity | D.fortune |
1. When did adventure racing become popular?
A.In the 1970s. | B.In the 1980s. | C.In the early 1990s. |
A.The long distance. | B.The mixture of many events. | C.The terrible racing environment. |
A.One day. | B.Three days. | C.Ten days. |
A.Carrying clothes. | B.Suffering from hunger. | C.Staying awake. |
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. “If I can win today,” she said to herself, “I can dance on the national stage next month.” Three months ago, her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment, she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
“Hi, Mary,” in rushed her friend Jessica “How is your arm? Is it going to influence your performance?”
“I guess it can be tolerated for I am to win the match.” said Mary with a determined look.
“Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched competitor. Come on!”
After Jessica left, Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. “If I don’t try harder, I won’t grasp this chance.” She thought. But her arm began to hurt, making her worried. “Mary, what makes you think you have a chance tonight?” she said to herself. After the pain was gone, she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then, she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary, she smiled politely and said “Hi, I’m Linda. I am the next one!” Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. “This is just my competitor. Because of her, I may lose tonight.” Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scream, “Oh, God, I can’t find my music tape!” Linda searched her bag but in vain. “It may be missing on the way.” With these words, she then rushed out.
注意:1.续写词数应为150词左右;2.续写部分分为两段,请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag.
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Linda finished her dancing successfully and then came Mary’s turn.
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Saturday afternoon came as usual, so did my football class. It couldn’t be more discouraging.
I didn’t like Saturdays! Even though it was a holiday for most children, it was not for me because I needed to go to the football club. Many kids loved sports, but I was not one of them. I would rather stay at home and read.
I didn’t like running at all, so I was a bad player in the team. The coach was fed up with me and my teammates sometimes laughed at me. I had no idea how to play football. Usually, after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of the game and I would just nod.
Last Thursday, the coach told us that we would be competing with some other team in a month and many people would come to watch the game. Our opponents were the last winner and I froze at the thought of the embarrassment I would face if the team lost because of me. So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day in case I had to play.
A month later, when the game day came, my teammates were reluctant (不愿意的) to take me in the team, and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well. But as luck would have it, they were short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team.
Our team was named the Big Blues. There was a great cheer on our arrival in the field. I got very nervous. The game started and within two minutes, I got a blue card. By the time I was allowed back, the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing the ball shooting towards me like a bullet, I froze in wild shock.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Jordi! Wake up!” Father’s voice called from the hallway, and I sat up quickly. The day finally came! The day that I would be a castellar—a tower builder. Mama had breakfast ready. “Are you prepared for your moment of fame?” Papa asked in excitement. My throat was suddenly very dry, and the bread got stuck as I swallowed. Taking a big swig of juice, I put on a smile. “I'm ready” I would do well. I wanted to make him proud.
Here in the eastern part of Spain, casteller groups were very popular. My city hosted the competition this year. Before that, I’d watched my parents compete. But never before had I been part of the tower. It was so high. And it sometimes fell. I was hesitant to be up there. But for the past year, I had been practicing the climb. I was twelve, and I must not be a coward (胆小鬼). So for the first time in a competition, I would help build the tower!
In town, I saw that the center was packed with people and casteller teams from all over the country. Hands sweating, I was waiting for our turn to compete. Mom came and patted me on the shoulder. “Have focus. Have faith.” I nodded to show that I understood and would do my best to follow the suggestions.
Soon, too soon, it was our turn.
My father and three of the strongest men stood in a circle facing each other as they held tightly to each other’s arms. Four more strong men stepped behind, each wrapping his arms around the chest of a man and giving him a bear hug. Then fifty more men and women crowded behind and began pushing on their backs to keep them tightly together.
Our base was solid. Four smaller men climbed onto the backs of the base group and stood on their shoulders. They then grabbed onto each other’s arms and held firmly, creating a strong second tier (层). Another group of men would form the third tier. Then, a group of women, including Mom, started climbing and began to form the fourth tier. Our tower was growing taller and taller.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Then suddenly it was kids’ turn to make the last tier.
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Paragraph 2: “Jordi. Easy!” My mother whispered the words.
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1. Why do people all over the world enjoy sports?
A.Because sports are exciting. |
B.Because sports have a long history. |
C.Because sports enable them to live longer. |
A.When their favorite team wins. |
B.When they win the game. |
C.When they get good news. |
A.Basketball. | B.Jumping. | C.Sailing. |
A.Martial arts. | B.Swimming. | C.Water-skiing |
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Girls ages 13 to 14 please proceed to staging with your coaches at this time.” Looking around the room, eyes wide and pleading. I frantically (慌乱地) explained my situation to nearby coaches. The seconds ticked away in my head; every polite refusal increased my desperation.
Despair weighed me down. I sank to my knees as a stream of competitors, coaches, and officials flowed around me. My dojang (跆拳道馆) had no coach, and the tournament rules prohibited me from competing without one.
Although I wanted to remain strong, doubts began to cloud my mind. I could not help wondering: what was the point of perfecting my skills if I would never even compete? The other members of my team, who had found coaches minutes earlier, attempted to comfort me, but I barely heard their words. They couldn’t understand my despair at being left on the outside, and I never wanted them to understand.
Since my first lesson 12 years ago, the members of my dojang have become family. I have watched them grow up, finding my own happiness in theirs. Together, we have practised our kicks, blocks, and strikes. We have pushed one another to aim higher and become better martial artists. Although my dojang had searched for a reliable coach for years, we had not found one. When we attended competitions in the past, my teammates and I had always gotten lucky and found a sympathetic coach. Now, I knew this practice was unsustainable. It would devastate (使极为忧伤) me to see the other members of my dojang in my situation, unable to compete and losing hope as a result. My dojang needed a coach, and I decided it was up to me to find one.
I first approached the adults in the dojang—both instructors and members’ parents. However, these attempts only reacquainted me with polite refusals. Everyone I asked told me they couldn’t devote multiple weekends per year to competitions. I soon realized that I would have become the coach myself.
At first, the inner workings of tournaments were a mystery to me. To prepare myself for success as a coach, I spent the next year as an official and took coaching classes on the side. I learned everything from motivational strategies to technical, behind-the-scenes components of Taekwondo (跆拳道) competitions. Though I emerged with new knowledge and confidence in my capabilities, others did not share this faith.
Parents threw me disbelieving looks when they learned that their children’s coach was only a child herself.
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Now, as I arrive at a tournament with my students, I close my eyes and remember the past.
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One time, the teachers at a school wanted to teach the students about airplanes. While all airplanes can fly, some are able to fly farther than others. This is because not all airplanes are built the same. For example, a fighter plane looks very different from a plane that people fly in when they want to go on a holiday. The teachers wondered how they could make students understand this.
Then, the science teacher, Mr. Moose, decided that the school should have a paper airplane contest. The students would produce paper airplane designs. They would stand in line on the playground behind the school. The students would take turns throwing their airplanes. The student whose airplane went the farthest would win.
When Mr. Moose announced the paper airplane contest to the students, they were very excited. A student named Paul, who was on the wrestling team, bragged (吹牛) to everyone else that his airplane would win. “I am the strongest,” Paul said. “So I will be able to throw my airplane the farthest.” However, while Paul was saying this, another student, Brian, was thinking how he could win. Brian did not play any sports and was not very strong. But he loved airplanes and really wanted to win the contest.
Brian realized what he had to do. He went to the store and bought a big stack of paper. When he got home, he took the paper into his backyard. He took a piece of paper and folded an airplane. It didn’t go very far, so Brian took another sheet and folded another airplane and threw it. This airplane went a little farther. Brian kept folding different kinds of airplanes and throwing them. Some went very far and some did not. Finally, when Brian had used all the paper, he walked up to the airplane that had flown the farthest and picked it up.
注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4. 续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
The next day was the contest.
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Brian won because he tried out many solutions to the problem of how to make an airplane fly very far.
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1. 课外体育锻炼情况描述;
2. 简单评论;
3. 你的建议。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Physical Exercise After Class
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