1 . By the 1970s, the Olympic Marathon had come a long way from the dusty roads of Athens. Yet women were still not allowed to compete and the struggle to establish a women’s Olympic Marathon was itself something of a long-distance race.

Women had been excluded from long-distance running until 1928, when the typical long race was the 800 meters. The women competitors hadn’t properly prepared for the race and several fell down and became temporarily unconscious due to extreme tiredness. This led Olympic organizers in 1928 to consider the marathon too violent for women.

This is not to say there was no tradition of women’s long-distance running. Women had been prohibited from participating in the ancient Olympics by the cruel law. But women in ancient Greece held their own festival to honor the goddess Hera every five years. Only one athletic event was held — a running race.

When the Olympics were revived in 1896, women were again excluded. However, in 1967, women’s ability in running attracted great attention. Number 261 in the Boston Marathon was given to K V. Switzer. Not until two miles into the race did officials realize that Switzer was a woman. Race officials tried to catch Switzer and remove her from the race but her teammates fended them off with body blocks. And Switzer wasn’t scared by officials’ aggressive actions. She kept running. Although the running was demanding, Switzer didn’t give up and eventually finished the race. Switzers story made the quest for equality in long-distance running for women a political issue. Slowly, the rules did begin to change.

The first women’s marathon officially agreed by the IAAF was the Tokyo International, held in 1979. IAAF president Adriaan Paulen watched the race. He was so impressed by the level of the competition that he announced he would fully support the effort to establish a women’s marathon in the Olympics. Soon the IAAF recommended to the IOC that a women’s marathon be included in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. And the advice was adopted.

1. What was the reason for women’s failing to attend the Olympic Marathon in 1928?

A．They generally weren’t enthusiastic about it.

B．They were thought not strong enough for it.

C．They weren’t supported by the public to attend it.

D．They were too tired to make full preparations for it.

2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 3?

A．separated

B．banned

C．freed

D．protected

3. Which of the following best describe Switzer?

A．Brave and determined.	B．Talented and kind.
C．Honest and easygoing.	D．Optimistic and clever.

4. What’s Adriaan Paulen’s contribution to women’s running?

A．Letting women have the right to compete against men in running.

B．Making a series of rules for women’s running.

C．Having trained many outstanding women runners.

D．Helping women be qualified for the Olympic Marathon.

2 . At the first Olympic marathon in 1896, athletes ran a shorter course than today's 42.2-kilometer event. Even so, only the winner finished within three hours. However, runners have improved, and one expert predicted last year that the two-hour mark would be broken in 2028.

On Oct 12, Eliud Kipchoge came in ahead of schedule – literally. The 34-year-old Olympic champion from Kenya became the first person to run a marathon in less than two hours. Clocking in at 1:59:40, Kipchoge pumped his chest and even sped up after crossing the finish line as he ran happily to his wife. ''No one is limited. This shows the positivity of sport, '' Kipchoge told the BBC after the race in Vienna, Austria. ''Together when we run, we can make it a beautiful world. ''

Apart from Kipchoge's strong willpower and outstanding physical condition, a few tricks of science and technology helped him reach this milestone in human athletic achievement.

Hills and turns slow runners down, so Kipchoge's team picked the course in Vienna for its gentle curves (弯曲度).

The city's cool and dry weather was also important, said Wired. The magazine talked to exercise physiologists, who think the weather helped keep Kipchoge's body running more efficiently throughout the race.

A special pair of shoes also played a big part. According to The New York Times, the shoes Kipchoge wore were designed to give a significant edge (优势) to anyone wearing them in a race.

One other key to this breakthrough was Kipchoge's pacing strategy. He ran with a dream team of pacers, deployed by sports scientists. Five runners formed a V-shape ahead of Kipchoge, reducing drag (阻力), and two runners followed directly behind to push him forward. Kipchoge stayed in the center of the formation. The team rotated (轮换) members every five kilometers, and he stayed under a two-hour pace for almost the entire length of the race. There was also a pace car driving 15 meters in front of everyone, casting a laser (激光) line on the road to keep them on track.

''Few world records today are technology free, '' noted The Telegraph. Hard work and dedication are still the core (核心) of athletic achievement, but science and technology are helping modern athletes maximize their potential.

1. Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs?

A．42.2-kilometer marathon first started in 1896.

B．Eliud Kipchoge is predicted to break the record in 2028.

C．Eliud Kipchoge won the Olympic champion at 1:59:40.

D．Eliud Kipchoge from Kenya set a new marathon record in less than two hour.

2. What factor does not benefit Eliud Kipchoge in the challenge?

A．His strong willpower	B．Physiologists' talk
C．His extraordinary physical condition	D．Special running shoes

3. What's the closest explanation of the underlined word?

A．follow	B．monitor
C．arrange	D．motivate

4. What's the best title for the passage?

A．Running into record books.

B．How to maximize one's athletic potential.

C．Few world record today are technology free.

D．Eliud Kipchoge's outstanding sports achievements.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How did the man first hear about the football match?

A．On the radio.

B．On TV.

C．From the woman.

2. When will the football match be held?

A．On the 4th.

B．On the 21st.

C．On the 28th.

3. What does the woman offer to do for the man?

A．Buy him dinner.

B．Buy him a ticket.

C．Help him study.

4 . Training for a marathon (马拉松) requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.     1    , buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.     2    . As always, you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.     3    , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.     4    . After two weeks, start timing yourself.     5    . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

A．After six days

B．For a good marathon runner

C．Before you begin your training

D．With each day, increase the distance by a half mile

E．If they still feel good, you can begin running in them

F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time