1 . Blind Olympic Athletes Show the Universal Nature

Tune into any sports coverage on TV, and you will see many athletes proudly raise their arms and heads in victory, while a much larger number hang their shoulders and necks in defeat. Studies have revealed why—they are universal behaviours, performed by humans in response to success and failure.

The discovery came from Jessica Tracy from the University of British Columbia and David Matsumoto from San Francisco State University, who wanted to see how people showed feelings of pride and shame.     1     They tried to find a large group of people, and it was critically important that some of these subjects had never seen other people reacting to success or failure before.

The answer was Athens, during the 2004 Olympic Games. Its sister competition—the Paralympics—included many athletes who were born blind.     2     Working with a professional photographer, Tracy and Matsumoto compared the body language of 108 competitors, 41 of whom had lost their sight, and 12 of whom were blind from birth. The photographer repeatedly took pictures of these athletes after their competitions, and the researchers carefully recorded the positions of their heads, arms and bodies.     3     The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their arms and puffed out their chests, while shoulders bent forward and narrowed chests were the marks of losers.

    4     Men and women who have never seen other people behave in these ways still make exactly the same movements. And while it’s possible that parents may have taught their blind children some of these actions, it’s very unlikely that they could have taught them all—particularly the expansion or narrowing of the chest.

These actions were also remarkably consistent between contestants from every part of the world. Tracy and Matsumoto argue that pride and shame deserve a place alongside other primary emotions like happiness, fear and surprise.     5    

A．Analyzing the data, they found that the sighted and sightless athletes behaved in almost exactly the same ways.

B．In fact, the culture was found to have only a very small effect on their body language.

C．In particular, they wanted to know whether these expressions were culturally determined and learned through observation.

D．The athletes’ behaviours give strong evidence that they have had the actions naturally since birth.

E．The result suggested that the athletes were showing their pride based on careful observation.

F．Therefore, they could not have witnessed how other people reacted to winning and losing.

G．They are inborn behaviours and are accompanied by their own distinct sets of actions.

2 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成对该问题的回答。

Shared Services Need More Imagination

Suppose you need to drill a hole in the wall to hang an item but do not own a power drill. You may regard it as expensive to buy a power drill and consider renting one. Sharing is the solution. The sharing industry is an emerging. highly flexible economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee.

The important idea of the sharing industry is that people might only need an item for a relatively short period. The private part of shared services has been moving towards this area since the beginning of the 1980s, and then the public part has taken note of the benefits and continued for best practice. The United States and Australia among others have had shared services in government since the late 1990s.

With the rise of the sharing industry, the best-known shared bikes and shared cars have got a lot of public attention. This kind of transportation is so environmentally-friendly that it is increasingly popular among people in many cities.

Of course shared services don’t need to be limited to machines. The real pay-off in shared services probably lies in renting out smaller, less heavy items. For example, in today’s casual environment, you don’t need a tie unless you’re going to a wedding or a job interview. So some companies, would let you pick up a tie when you needed it and only when you needed it. Another example is an umbrella-sharing service. Since visitors don’t want to be carrying umbrellas all the way, it would be cheaper and easier to simply borrow an umbrella on one street corner and drop it off on another.

Recently organizations that have centralized their IT functions have begun to take a close look at the technology services that their IT departments provide for customers, evaluating where it makes sense to provide technology components. E-mall and scanning (归描) operations were obvious early candidates. Many organizations are now oftering their document-intensive operations is a shared service, There is no doubt that people are calling for the expansion of shared services to more and more treas.

1. What is the sharing industry?
___________________________________________________________
2. Why does shared transportation receive attention from people?
___________________________________________________________
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Shared services are getting increasingly popular for their convenience, but there are still calls for expansion to wider areas because they are currently restricted to machines
___________________________________________________________
4. Please provide another example of shared services and explain your reason. (about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。

Coming from the Bronx, Jennifer Lopez knew from an early age it would be tough to achieve her dream. In an interview in 2002 she remembered, “I had such a will in me. I had such a passion in me. I could overcome my situation. But a lot of people will get beaten down and be held back by that.” Lopez was not beaten down by her situation. She worked hard dancing, singing, and acting in theaters and her hard work paid off with small roles in television and films.

Lopez’s big breakthrough came in 1996 when she played the main role in the movie Selena. For this movie, Lopez got paid $1 million and became the highest paid Latin actress of all time. Since then, she has had starring roles in several successful movies, including Out of Sight with George Clooney.

Then, Lopez turned her attention toward music. In 1999, she released her first album, On the 6. Two songs from the album, “If You Had My Love” and “Waiting for Tonight”, both reached number one on the Billboard music charts. The album sold more than three million copies around the world.

After starring in The Cell (2000), Lopez released her second album, J. Lo, in 2001. The album went straight to the top of the billboard chart. At the same time when her album came out, Lopez’s new movie, The Wedding Planner, opened in theaters. It became the number one movie at the box office. This meant that Lopez was the first entertainer to ever have a number one album and a number one movie at the same time!

But her entertainment career was not the only thing Lopez focused on that year. 2001 was also the year Lopez started her own line of clothing, called J. Lo, and she married Cris Judd, a dancer who performed in her videos. The marriage did not last long, and Lopez and Judd divorced nine months later.

In 2002, Lopez starred in the films Enough and Maid in Manhattan, which became Lopez’s biggest movie yet, earning $19 million.

1. In what movie did Lopez play the main role in 1996?
________________
2. How many copies was the Lopez’s first album sold around the world?
________________
3. What is the passage mainly talking about?
________________
4. Do you think will and passion are important to make a person successful? Give your reasons. (about 40 words)
________________

4 . Back to School

I had always longed to get a degree, but raising a family had come first. Now with my last child in middle school, I thought, why not try to ________ something while I still had the opportunity. When I told my husband Bob my idea, a broad smile lit up his face. “If that’s what you ________, we’ll make it work.”

When we asked the kids for advice, they had mixed ________. Our daughter, already in college, thought it a great idea while John, in high school, was ________ that we might be in college at the same time. James, our youngest, wanted to know who would take him to football practice. I ________ that things would be a little different, but if everyone contributed, it wouldn’t be difficult.

The next day we drove to the community college and after a careful research, I chose to ________ in occupational therapy (康复理疗).

Days passed in excitement, enrolling (注册) in classes, shopping for ________ and attending orientation (入学指导). I felt like a kid again, but as the first day of classes drew near, I became ________. I was simply too old. People would laugh at me. Finally, with encouragement from my family and friends, I stuck with my ________.

As I entered my classroom that first morning, I chose a seat in the back, hoping to ________ attention. For the rest of that day, I did what I saw the other students do, and gradually, my embarrassment disappeared. I found the classes and assignments interesting, and I left that day feeling I might survive. By the end of the first week, I had made a few friends.

Studying and keeping up with my duties at home was ________. No sooner would I begin to study than it was time to drive the kids to their activities. Math and science were never my strong subjects, so I devoted more time to those. When the first semester ________, I had a 4.0 GPA and was placed on the Honor Roll.

By the second year, Bob and the kids were all doing their ________, and I had learned how to comfortably ________ my school and home life. My hard work paid off and I got the bachelor’s degree.

As I drove away on the last day of school, I thought about what a difference returning to school had made in my life. I looked much younger and I had more ________ and enthusiasm for life. I even became a therapist. It’s never too late to try again.

1.

A．remember

B．create

C．achieve

D．improve

2.

A．accept

B．take

C．offer

D．want

3.

A．reaction

B．impressions

C．requests

D．choices

4.

A．happy

B．horrified

C．grateful

D．relieved

5.

A．complained

B．noticed

C．explained

D．argued

6.

A．fill

B．join

C．lead

D．major

7.

A．supplies

B．clothes

C．instruments

D．brochures

8.

A．determined

B．confident

C．anxious

D．confused

9.

A．opinion

B．decision

C．project

D．promise

10.

A．avoid

B．draw

C．receive

D．pay

11.

A．different

B．challenging

C．rewarding

D．simple

12.

A．changed

B．started

C．ended

D．returned

13.

A．dishes

B．deeds

C．homework

D．share

14.

A．balance

B．save

C．continue

D．value

15.

A．time

B．energy

C．money

D．chance

5 . 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。

With the development of the Internet, many hobbies and interests of modern people have gained a new dimension. The Internet allows enthusiasts to unite to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences. Specialized websites provide users with even mote information about their subjects of interest and help discover new boundaries of their passions. This refers to movies arts, modeling, literature, and music as well. One can hardly find a person who would not be listening to music on the way to work, at home, or elsewhere. There are plenty of websites that allow music lovers to stay in touch with the news relating to their hobbies.

One such website is Music.fm, a mix of a social network and an Internet-radio that tracks down the music its users listen to. This website is of great benefit for music enthusiasts and besides, it has a number of advantages compared to other sources providing similar services.

The availability of multiple functions also speaks in favor of Music.fm. One of its significant advantages over many other musical websites is the function of scribbling. This technology is convenient and definitely helpful for music lovers. With its aid, Music.fm. searches for people with similar musical preferences and shows one a list of those whose interests match to some extent. These people are called neighbors and the idea is that they can get familiar with the fans of their favorite kind of music and, most likely, make new friends. The information about upcoming events nearby, as well as recommendations given about new music that a user might like are also gathered and introduced by the means of scribbling.

Music.fm allows users to listen to music for free. However, there is a serious drawback connected to it: It is available only to citizens of the USA, Germany, and Great Britain. At the same time, if you want to use Music.fm for communication, you might find that traditional social networks are more suitable for this purpose.

1. What can Internet help its enthusiasts to do according to the passage?
2. Please paraphrase the underlined sentence in your own words.
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Music.fm. is popular among its lovers because it is not only free but also more suitable for communication.

7 . Year of Giving

Yesterday I started the Year of Giving, my first day of a year-long journey into exploring the act of giving and the meaning of charity. I chose December IS as the starting date, which marked three years since my mother died from heart disease. She was one of the most generous people that I have ever known. She always thought of others first and certainly serves as an inspiration to me.

I had a rattier busy day yesterday, ironic (具有讽刺意义的) for someone who is unemployed right now. In the morning I went to the gym, and unsuccessfully got the phone call from the unemployment office for some job searching. Before I knew it, it was noon. I grabbed a quick lunch and rushed down to a meeting. On my way to Connecticut, I wondered if I would see someone that I would feel forced to give my first $10 to. I was running late and decided to do it afterwards.

After the meeting I had about half an hour to find the first person of my Year of Giving! I decided to check out Dupont Circle. I had met a guy there named Jerry once and thought he would willingly accept my first $10. He wasn’t there, but I did see a man sitting by himself who looked really lonely, so I approached him. Now I had to figure out what I was going to say. I think I said something like “Hi, can I sit down here?” “I would like to know if I could give you $10?” He asked me to repeat what I had said. I did, then he looked at me funny, got up and left

I then started walking south where I spotted a man standing by the bus stop on Connecticut Ave. He appeared to be in his 60s. I don’t know what drew me to him, but I thought I would make my second attempt. I was a bit nervous and asked him which bus came by that stop. Then I explained that I was starting a year-long project to give $10 to someone every day and that I wanted to give my $10 for today to him. The gentleman, I later found out that his name was Ed, responded without hesitation that he could not accept my offer and that there were many people more deserving the money than him. This was exactly one of the that I hoped would happen. People would think of others before themselves!

1. The author set the starting date on December 15 to ________ .

A．help the charity	B．make an exploration
C．remember his mother	D．fulfill the wish of his mum

2. In the author’s first attempt to give away the money, ________ .

A．he was considered silly	B．be hesitated for a long time
C．he was forced to donate the money	D．he had no time to take action

3. In the author’s second attempt, the gentleman refused his offer because ________ .

A．he didn’t need others’ help	B．he thought more for others
C．he didn’t care about money	D．he wanted to get more money

4. We can infer that the author was inspired by ________ .

A．true friendship	B．his own kindness
C．generous donations	D．human’s good nature

9 . Several years ago, a well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly ________ . It was difficult for him to even ________ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of ________ .

Despite the diagnosis (诊断), Cousins was ________ to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be ________ by emotional stress and negative attitudes. The book made Cousins think about the possible ________ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to live have positive treatment value?”

He decided to concentrate on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would bring about positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He ________ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of starting his “laugh therapy” program, his pain began to ________ and he was able to sleep more easily. ________ , he was able to return to work in a few months’ time and actually reached his ________ after a few years.

1.

A．hungry

B．sad

C．tired

D．depressed

2.

A．run

B．pass

C．look

D．move

3.

A．success

B．survival

C．treatment

D．progression

4.

A．determined

B．devoted

C．planned

D．forced

5.

A．killed

B．limited

C．handled

D．damaged

6.

A．reality

B．creativity

C．preference

D．benefit

7.

A．arranged

B．appointed

C．offered

D．afforded

8.

A．escape

B．decrease

C．recover

D．end

9.

A．Eventually

B．Actually

C．Probably

D．Hopefully

10.

A．agreement

B．level

C．recovery

D．plan