1 . A new study by scientists at Utrecht University concludes that about half of global wastewater is treated, rather than the previous estimate of 20%. Despite this promising finding, the authors warn that treatment rates in developing countries are still very low.
Humans and factories produce vast quantities of wastewater per day. If not properly collected and treated, wastewater may severely threaten human health and pollute the environment.
The authors use national statistics to estimate volumes of wastewater production, collection, treatment and reuse. “Globally, about 359 billion cubic metres of wastewater is produced each year, equivalent to 144 million Olympic-sized swimming pools,” says Edward Jones, PhD researcher at Utrecht University. “About 48 percent of that water is currently released untreated. This is much lower than the frequently announced figure of 80%.”
While the results show a more optimistic outlook, the authors stress that many challenges still exist. “We see that particularly in the developing world, where most of the future population growth will likely occur, treatment rates are falling behind,” Jones explains. “In these countries, wastewater production is likely to rise at a faster pace than the current development of collection and treatment basic facilities. This poses serious threats to both human health and the environment.”
The main problem, especially in the developing world, is the lack of financial resources to build basic facilities to collect and treat wastewater. This is particularly the case for advanced treatment technologies, which can be extremely expensive. However, the authors highlight potential opportunities for creative reuse of wastewater streams that could help to finance improved wastewater treatment practices.
“The most obvious reuse of treated wastewater is to increase freshwater water supplies,” Jones states. Treated wastewater reuse is already an important source of irrigation water in many dry countries. However, only 11% of the wastewater produced globally is currently being reused, which shows large opportunities for expansion.
“But freshwater increasing is not the only opportunity,” says Jones. “Wastewater also has large potential as a source of nutrients and energy. Recognition of wastewater as a resource, opposed to as ‘waste’, will be the key to driving improved treatment going forward.”
However, the authors stress the importance of proper monitoring of wastewater treatment factories, accompanied by strong legislation (法律) and regulations, to ensure that the reuse of wastewater is safe. The authors also acknowledge public acceptance as another key barrier towards increasing wastewater reuse.
1. According to the author, the meaning of treating wastewater lies in ________.| A．encouraging new scientific findings |
| B．estimating volumes of wastewater production |
| C．ensuring human health and protecting the environment |
| D．measuring how much wastewater is produced globally per day |
| A．equal | B．harmful | C．useful | D．friendly |
| A．treated wastewater can’t be used as irrigation water |
| B．wastewater production in developing countries is falling |
| C．the treatment of wastewater is more serious than estimated |
| D．public recognition plays an important role in wastewater reuse |
2 . How to Deal with FOMO in Your Life
FOMO, or “fear of missing out,” is becoming increasingly common and can cause significant stress in your life. It applies to anything from a party to a promotion at work and affects just about anyone. It always involves a sense of helplessness that you are missing out on something big.
With social media becoming popular, FOMO has become more obvious. As more research on FOMO is conducted, we are getting a clearer picture of how it affects us.
Moreover, one study found that the fear of missing out was linked to a greater smartphone and social media usage.
Rather than trying to connect more with people on social media, why not arrange to meet up with someone in person? Making plans with a good friend, or doing anything social that gets you out with friends can be a nice change of pace.
| A．It can help you to shake that feeling that you are missing out. |
| B．The idea that you might be missing out on a good time is not new. |
| C．Rather than focusing on what you lack, try noticing what you have. |
| D．The picture is not pretty, as there are many negative effects of FOMO. |
| E．Smartphone usage was related to fears of negative evaluations by others. |
| F．Smartphone and social media have made the FOMO phenomenon worse. |
| G．Understanding where the problem lies can be a great first step in overcoming it. |
3 . An Incredible Journey
Ian William Halliwell was born on the 24th of April 1958, in Wigan UK. Just like most people have dreams, so did Ian.
Ian started playing Golf in 1972 and has been a keen golf player throughout his life. He participated in golf tournaments in many countries, dreaming of trying to get in the Senior Tour. But life has other plans.
In 1996, Ian was diagnosed with a brain tumor on his left side. As a result of the disease, his right-side hearing was lost. The talented player had to put a hold on his passion for a while. However, he knew he would come out stronger. In 1997, after going through two major surgeries, Ian recovered from the deadly illness.
But another disease completely turned his life over. In 2006, he suddenly had a stroke (中风) which was so critical that it ended with him being severely disabled to the extent that the doctors told him that he might not walk ever again, let alone playing Golf.
Upon realizing that he has lost the chance of playing the Senior Tour, he was heartbroken. But it wasn’t powerful enough to destroy the high-spirited individual. Ian took it as a challenge. He not only decided to start writing but also creating stroke awareness and promoting Golf for the disabled.
With the optimistic thinking of “A disability is not an inability,” Ian became a part of the British Inclusive Golf, which works to bring together the disabled and non-disabled players and create golf-related events.
Ian has donated a large number of his life earnings to The Stroke Association. While spending a huge deal of time creating vast funds for the organization, Ian has played a huge role in enlightening others on how his recovery was aided by Golf, promoting the affected ones to make sure of the effective sport.
Ian has authored the book “The Social Golfer,” published in 2008. The book has successfully raised a total of £ 20,000, which the former golf player has donated to The Stroke Foundation. Ian also wrote “Living the Dream,” published in 2012. The book was an extension of the journey of his recovery, intending to inspire the readers.
Ian is a man of bravery. How he fought to recover from the deadly illness, followed by the stroke, is nothing but an incredible journey that is an inspiration to people.
1. What happened to Ian in 2006?| A．He lost his right-side hearing. |
| B．He recovered from a deadly illness. |
| C．He published the book “The Social Golfer”. |
| D．He was disabled and couldn’t walk any more. |
| A．Ian stopped playing golf after getting a brain tumor |
| B．Ian was destroyed mentally and physically by a stroke |
| C．Ian participated in golf tournaments throughout his life |
| D．Ian donated a lot of his money to The Stroke Association |
| A．Determined and devoted. | B．Confident and humorous. |
| C．Generous and enthusiastic. | D．Responsible and independent. |
| A．Hard work pays off. |
| B．Nothing is to be got without pain. |
| C．Man should be the master of his own fate. |
| D．Contribution to the society requires responsibility. |
4 . Places You Should Visit in China in Summer
There are definitely some places in China that add romance to the days and nights. We have listed the best places that are especially brought to life by summer. All our tours can be customized (定制). We will create a trip for your summer vacation according to your requirements.
Yunnan Province — a Colorful Fairyland
Yunnan has a year-round spring-like climate. You will have a cool summer trip here. Start from Kunming to see the wonderful Stone Forest, enjoy a relaxing tour along the lakeshore of Erhai in Dali, visit the Old Town of Lijiang, and take a cable car ride to Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. Finally, immerse yourself in mysterious eastern atmosphere of Shangri-La and Pudacuo National Park.
Recommended Tours：
8-Day Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, and Shangri-La Tour
7-Day Dali, Lijiang, and Shangri-La Tour
6-Day Lijiang to Shangri-La Tour
Inner Mongolia — Vast Grasslands
Inner Mongolia has vast grasslands where you can enjoy horse riding and hiking. During the short summers, grasslands stretch as far as the eye can see. It is also the best time to take a desert hiking tour. The 2021 Summer Naadam Festival is scheduled to take place in Xilamuren Grassland from July 23 to July 30, 2021. Our 5-Day Inner Mongolia Grass & Sand Tour is a great way to attend this grand event.
Recommended Inner Mongolia Tours:
5-Day Inner Mongolia Grass & Sand
4-Day Authentic Mongolian Nomad Experience Tour
Chengdu — Meet Cute Pandas
The lovely giant pandas are the No. 1 reason to come. If you want a deeper panda experience, you can join in a giant panda volunteer program. See our 2-Day Wolong Red Keeper Volunteer Program Tour.
Jiuzhai Valley, with cool weather, is the best time to see its waterfalls and green lakes.
Mount Emei is one of the most well-known summer destinations thanks to its pleasant weather, the inspiring natural scenery and the influence of the Buddhist culture.
Recommended Tours：
7-Day Chengdu, Mount Emei and Jiuzhaigou Scenic Tour
5-Day Chengdu, Leshan and Mount Emei Tour
2-Day Wolong Red Keeper Volunteer Program Tour
1. What can you do in Yunnan?| A．Visit an old town. | B．Ride a horse and hike. |
| C．See waterfalls and green lakes. | D．Enjoy mysterious dragon culture. |
| A．2-Day Wolong Red Keeper Volunteer Program Tour. |
| B．8-Day Kunming, Dali, Lijiang, and Shangri-La Tour. |
| C．4-Day Authentic Mongolian Nomad Experience Tour. |
| D．7-Day Chengdu, Mount Emei and Jiuzhaigou Scenic Tour. |
| A．recommend coolest places in summer |
| B．attract tourists to customize tour service |
| C．introduce characteristics of China’s cities |
| D．report China’s multicultural development |
The use of the internet in academic contexts is on the rise. However, its role in learning
Xu Yuanchong dedicated his career to building
7 . Mary was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s (阿尔茨海默症) in 2013. With Mary’s condition slowly
Sean was
Seeing the great
People thought Mary would be a
| A．worsening | B．satisfying | C．reducing | D．disappearing |
| A．nervous | B．positive | C．creative | D．brave |
| A．relaxed | B．puzzled | C．worried | D．amazed |
| A．recover | B．study | C．understand | D．regret |
| A．challenge | B．confidence | C．improvement | D．difficulty |
| A．traveling | B．talking | C．working | D．training |
| A．make | B．enjoy | C．present | D．change |
| A．fortune | B．shame | C．burden | D．test |
| A．listened | B．complained | C．turned | D．given |
| A．direction | B．support | C．love | D．acceptance |
Difference between 4G And 5G
5G is the newest mobile network that's replacing the current 4G technology by providing a number of improvements in speed, coverage, and reliability.
The reason for needing an upgraded network is to support the growing number of devices that demand internet access.Many of them require so much bandwidth in order to function normally that 4G simply doesn't cut it anymore.
5G connects many more devices to the internet, minimizes delays, and delivers extremely fast speeds.4G uses frequencies below 6 GHz while some 5G networks use higher frequencies (频率) like around 30 GHz or more. These high frequencies support a huge capacity for fast data and can be used in the future for increasing bandwidth demands. They can also be used right next to other wireless signals without causing interference.
5G uses shorter wavelengths than 4G, which means that antennas (天线) can be much smaller while still providing precise directional control.Since one base station can use even more directional antennas,it means that 5G can support much more devices per meter than what's supported by 4G.
However,some of these high frequencies are easily absorbed by humidity,rain,and other objects, meaning that they don’t travel as far.It is for these reasons that a strong 5G connection right where you are could slow down to 4G speeds when you walk a few feet away.One way this is being dealt with is by using strategically placed antennas, either tiny ones in specific rooms or buildings, or large ones positioned throughout a city. As 5G expands, there will also probably be many repeating stations to push the radio as far as possible to provide long-range 5G support.
5G is 20 times faster than 4G. You could download close to 10 movies before 4G could deliver even the first half of one.
5G will help to build future “smart cities” with the help of sensor networks. Such networks will be able to help the police with the traffic, let us know what's happening in our homes, and even make it possible for doctors to perform an operation far away.
1. Why do we need upgraded network?2. Please paraphrase the underlined part in the second paragraph in your own words.
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
These high frequencies of 5G support a huge capacity for fast data and can travel very far.
4. How will 5G help us? (About 40 words)
9 . We have all experienced how easy it is for a smile to light up our day, improve our emotions and make it easier for us to recover from illnesses. But do you also know that smiling improves your chances of success in many aspects of your life?
Studies have shown that people are more likely to think that a smiling person is more confident than others. Smiling will inspire your boss to trust you on-a particular project. Standing in front of a group of people, a confident smile on your face indicates knowledge, competence. trustworthiness, and ability to carry out tasks efficiently. It also opens up the way to higher job earning opportunities.
If you meet a person for the first time and walk into the restaurant, the person is seated by the table, looking sad on the face. What would be your first thought? Either the person regrets the meeting or the person is troubled by other issues. The chances are more likely you wouldn't want to see the person anymore. Smiling makes a great first impression on anyone. Studies have shown that people are more likely to remember a person who has a friendly and sweet smile. This is because no one wants to have to deal with a person who is always worried. It is also a great way to ensure that you get callbacks from job interviews and other potential meetups.
When you smile, neurotransmitters, materials that are anti-stress, are released from your brain. They spread throughout the body,causing a happy feeling to take over the negative emotions Being positive gives you enough enthusiasm to go ahead and make more use of your day and be productive. In recent researches, it has been found that people who were unhappy with their work-life were less productive than others who loved their jobs.An individual who is not happy at what they do is unwilling to put in the efforts needed to go beyond the average. While the other who is positive is more likely to carry on more tasks and is more productive, gains more experience,and gets promoted more easily.
But when you are in an environment that is sad or pessimistic, it isn't easy to remain happy and optimistic. If you are caught up in a situation where something had gone wrong, and you are having a heavy heart, try looking for reasons to be happy,smile, and watch your day begin to change positively.
Do not forget that when you smile, you are not only making your day better but someone else's too. A smile is what it takes to make all the difference.
1. The author raises a question in Paragraph 1 mainly to________.| A．present an idea | B．settle an argument | C．lead in the experiments | D．attract the readers’ attention |
| A．is helpful in gaining knowledge | B．has both positive and negative effects |
| C．has effects on many aspects of your life | D．is a great way to make your more capable |
| A．tell readers the way to succeed | B．explain how to make a difference |
| C．show information about new studies | D．persuade readers to smile more often |
| A．why we should smile | B．how our attitude affects us |
| C．how to get on well with others | D．why we benefit from our optimism |
10 . The Beginning of Canada
Canada is in the North American continent. For people who live outside this country the history of this nation may not be known.
Canada has gone through a long history. North America's first humans migrated from Asia, probably over a land bridge from Siberia to Alaska sometime about 12,000 years ago.Unknown numbers of people moved southward along the western edge of the North American ice cap.The Inuit who live in Canada's Arctic regions today were the last people to reach Canada.
Before Europeans came, about 12 languages were developed by the natives of the land. These languages were found in various cultures and tribes. In these tribes, there was mixture of agriculture and hunting. Also, some groups had a high-level of political, religious, cultural, and trading organization.
The first European explorers-of the Canadian region were Vikings from Iceland, where they came to Labrador and Newfoundland. The natives and Vikings did not get along well, so Vikings eventually ran away from the region. John Cabot, an Italian navigator came upon this land Cabot and his crew were the second group of Europeans to reach what would become Canada around 1000 CE.
The first claiming of the land in Canada was by the French. Between 1534 and 1542, Jacques Cartier made three voyages across the Atlantic，claiming the land for King Francis I of France. By the 1550s, the name of Canada began appearing on maps.
More French settlement activity continued in the name of competing with the Spanish. In1604 the French navigator Samuel de Champlain led a group of settlers to Acadia which proved unsuitable. In 1605, they moved across the Bay of Fundy to Port Royal but found its water systems were too difficult to get through for efficient goods delivery. Finally in 1608, Champlain built a fortress (堡垒) at what is now Quebec City
In the following years, England, the Netherlands, and also Scotland tried to claim parts of Canada as their own through trade and war. Competition for the region was in trade, land, and religion. With many countries competing for Canada at its new home, the British eventually made it a new part of its empire, with the French taking a smaller part in its governing and influence.
1. The underlined word "migrated" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to________.| A．hunt | B．travelled | C．cycled | D．settled |
| A．The Vikings | B．John Cabot | C．Jacques Cartier | D．Samuel de Champlain |
| A．people in Canada share the same culture |
| B．Canada has a history of over 12,000 years |
| C．the French people had a great influence on Canada |
| D．the British had power over Canada through competitions |
