2 . Many poor children in Africa struggle on tuition for an education. However, a new school has been asking their pupils to pay for classes with _________.

Every week, students _________ the Akshar School are required to line up and “pay” for their classes using grocery bags _________ at least 25 pieces of plastic waste they _________ from around their homes and communities.

Parmita and Mazin, the couple _________ for the new school, were _________ to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to _________ the acrid smell of burning plastic. That’s _________ before the school was opened in 2016, local families and communities _________ burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.

Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center. The school __________ the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩) about 40 pieces of garbage into a(n) __________ plastic bottle.

Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center as an additional source of __________.

Now the school owns over 100 students __________ the ages of 4 and 15. Since the school’s __________ curriculum has attracted more and more __________ to enroll, the couple plan on opening another 100 schools over the next five years.

3 . Have you heard of the save soil movement? It was _________ by Sadhguru, and he started a 100-day motorcycle journey starting from London and passing through 27 nations, including Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East.

The efforts of Sadhguru have _________ the worldwide recognition of this movement. Sadhguru traveled to various international _________ on his bike as part of his save soil movement. The world acknowledges his _________ to save soil for the upcoming generation.

The movement aims to _________ the soil crisis in every part of the earth. The world has finally realized, and attention is being paid to the horrible statistics of the land quality and soil. This movement was started to stop the soil from further damage and is now receiving encouraging _________ in every corner of our planet.

The main motive of the campaign was to bring together people from all around the world to protect the soil’s health. Sadhguru has become _________ in just a period of 3 months as his movement Save Soil has become a global phenomenon and is now under the spotlight. Sadhguru’s efforts have created _________ not only in one region but in every part of the world. The _________ recognized movement is __________ all individuals from all states to save the deterioration (恶化) of soil health for the future generation. Without healthy soil, human life is impossible, and with the __________ climate changes, spending life on planet earth can become challenging for future generations. __________, an initiative like saving soil was needed to __________ the health of our upcoming generation.

Sadhguru is also the author of the New York Times bestseller Inner Engineering: A Yogi’s Guide to Joy. He has been a(n) __________ voice and is now using his fame for a better cause. The success of the event will lay out several benefits to the world. From providing a more stable livelihood (生计) to the farmers to offering our upcoming generations healthier food and a safer and cleaner environment, healthy __________ can do it all.

5 . For centuries humans believed the ocean was so vast that it was impossible to do it measurable harm. But we now know human activities can destroy marine (海洋的) habitats, dangerously pollute seawater and make sea environments more acidic. Overharvesting has even directly pushed many ocean species into the especially endangered category. This past March, the smooth handfish (光滑手鱼) officially became the first modern-day marine fish to be declared extinct.

Handfish are a family of 14 unusual bottom-living species. Unlike most other fishes, they do not have a larval phase (幼虫期) and do not move around very much as adults; these features make them sensitive to environmental changes, according to Graham Edgar, a marine ecologist at the University of Tasmania. The smooth handfish was once common enough to be one of the first fish species described by European explorers in Australia. Now none has been reported in over a century. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List guidelines officially define “extinct” as meaning “there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.” Edgar and the members of Australia’s National Handfish Recovery Team were forced to that conclusion earlier this year, and it was placed in the extinct category.

Scientists are unsure exactly what finished off the species, but others in the region are threatened by trawl fishing (拖网捕鱼), pollution and climate change. Edgar says additional marine fish species may already be extinct as well, and many more are endangered. “It might be hard to imagine why a little organism in a place that few humans ever visit might be important,” says Katie Matthews, chief scientist for the non-profit conservation group Oceana. “But biodiversity matters, even if you can’t see it with your own eyes.”

Ideally, this news will be a sad wakeup call: “Some remaining species of handfish are endangered,” Matthews says, “but with smart action we can lessen those threats.”

8 . Wildfires lit by humans have been found to be sending huge amounts of carbon into our oceans via rivers every year.

When trees and other vegetation are incompletely burned, they release black carbon into the air, which can last for centuries on land and even longer in oceans. Now we have the best global picture of how much of the stuff is making its way to the sea: around a third of all the black carbon produced by fires.

Unlike the two-thirds that stays on the land, the carbon ending up in the oceans will stay there much longer, says Matthew Jones at the University of East Anglia in the UK. “Once it reaches the oceans, it has potential for storage over tens of thousands of years. That’s why we care about it. It’s almost locked up for the distant future,” he says.

Jones and his colleagues looked at 409 measurements of black carbon dissolved in the waters of 34 major rivers globally, plus many smaller rivers, including far more data from the tropics. They then modeled how it would travel to the oceans. “It’s quite breathtaking how long-lived this material is and how much ends up in the environment,” says Jones.

The team found that the amount of black carbon being carried by rivers varies generally around the world, with the rivers in the tropics carrying twice what those in cooler regions do.

When compared with emissions from humanity’s fossil fuel use, the actual amount reaching the oceans is relatively small. However, says Jones, understanding how black carbon is being moved around is important for building better climate models and for our understanding of the global carbon cycle.

The amount being produced by fires has been relatively stable for the past two decades, with forest fires being offset by Savannah being turned into farmland, which reduces the amount of vegetation available to burn. But Jones points out that more fires are expected as the world warms, which will deliver more black carbon into the oceans.

10 . Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.

Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today.

The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.

In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100.

The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.

Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.