![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
I.利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
物质 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
燃烧热 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b20d88305737959d7449dbae5c83df33.png)
(2)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
Ⅰ.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cb57da5c92f57a3e2771b230f853aeec.png)
Ⅱ.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0aed03a43a66d9052f9ad72235eac657.png)
①对于反应
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de64fd10243f0e111856307d2f0ea91c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82c23f354d6e5f19894c9fa84f7e5b4e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d040d35b7f2b297a73a603b57f596669.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/05cc4f51adf857a4b1f982222535a5ae.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c106d81d07d29a547be0a3065b45f1e7.png)
②温度对该反应平衡体系中CO、
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/02b115c8cfbfb12868a537c5dca5e7c9.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/3/15/047f1842-1ace-480e-838e-fd18ea0db944.png?resizew=304)
③某温度下,向压强为p的恒容密闭容器中按
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2bbbea9058a321f7b4dd490894b1bd07.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4d1f1e78b8ee320c79a71d3308b8db0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
Ⅱ.利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
(3)合成二甲醚反应:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0420f26bc1ff92511c6c90671832538e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/020de2953d196f1246eb2c47aea3d4cb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/3/15/1903d95d-e92e-47e8-ac67-671e4c3a9bd6.png?resizew=319)
①30~40min内,消耗
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36e533d654a153e681b831fa9ccefb53.png)
②能说明反应已达平衡状态的是
a.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1d8d6f14e93187f41845d7794b1109cb.png)
b.断裂2个H-H键,同时断裂2个H-O键
c.密闭容器内压强不变
d.混合气体的密度不变
(4)向一恒容密闭容器中充入3mol
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/326276f15395fb6697f1502b9a1ae5e6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd7aa0efdb5039dd84465a39cc5b4fe1.png)
相似题推荐
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39208d1c3e640e796d76875beeb9fb04.png)
(1)用生物质热解气(主要成分CO、
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/750859dd7d5b821d909e6a32c11095cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39208d1c3e640e796d76875beeb9fb04.png)
反应1:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2043d8fe115eb681a8ec14d6585d4e66.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e1fe0f6591a14a31cb0309ec61f9b6a9.png)
反应2:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/578929275bf14b33d84a058401ba663c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4f3905a5fbb14ed6eb97f8007dc7afa.png)
反应3:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04ab4077f4ae2e9777317c2b6efbb07e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db4fd6e4c29a159ee0a045fab7c582e0.png)
①反应1的平衡常数表达式为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09b51ee6fe038c30ffb16019af67a9fe.png)
②CO和
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39208d1c3e640e796d76875beeb9fb04.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
(2)烟气中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39208d1c3e640e796d76875beeb9fb04.png)
①吸收时发生反应的化学方程式为
②测得25℃时溶液pH与各组份物质的量分数的变化关系如图所示。b点时溶液
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a316322ef211c0f478232054b070466.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bfbb3eb45e6cf959419ef6b6d370821c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/1/9/3748850d-452b-43a1-9d13-1017cea52e62.png?resizew=381)
(3)电解法脱硫:用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8aed0fad5e08ec91fba4c3822026543d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39208d1c3e640e796d76875beeb9fb04.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/1/9/955d478e-5589-4bcf-b6b1-091396ea5b32.png?resizew=387)
①图中a由极要连接电源的填
②电解装置中使用阴离子交换膜而不使用阳离子交换膜的原因是
(1)甲醇水蒸气重整制氢存在以下副反应:(已知a、b均大于零)
Ⅰ:甲醇分解 :CH3OH(g)⇌ CO(g)+2H2(g) △H= +akJ·mol-1
Ⅱ:水蒸气变换:CO(g)+H2O(g)⇌CO2(g)+ H2(g) △H=
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6616da8f7c03dc5d8f1ed993d3cfa25.png)
催化重整反应:CH3OH(g) +H2O(g)⇌CO2(g)+ 3H2(g) △H=
(2)甲醇分解与水蒸气变换反应Kp与温度关系见下表:
反应 | 398K | 498K | 598K | 698K | 798K | 898K |
甲醇分解 | 0.50 | 185.8 | 9939.5 | 1.8×105 | 1.6×106 | 9.3×106 |
水蒸气变换 | 1577 | 137.5 | 28.14 | 9.339 | 4.180 | 2.276 |
②在较高温度下进行该反应.发现平衡时体系中CO含量偏高的原因是
(3)甲醇水蒸气重整反应的可能机理如图甲所示.结合下表分析CH3OH →CH3O的主要反应为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/5/27/2471548124307456/2471734394028032/STEM/cb72d5ec3c1c4fc9917d1bee5cf059f8.png?resizew=266)
反应 | 活化能Ea/eV |
A.CH3OH→CH3O+H | 1.08 |
B.CH3OH→CH3+OH | 1.90 |
C.CH3OH+OH→CH3O+H2O | 0.09 |
D.CH3O→CH2O+H | 1.39 |
E.CH3O→CH3O+O | 0.98 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/90dff4543ea1f1c113f823f6fe9d9954.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/5/27/2471548124307456/2471734394028032/STEM/e214ee82311f4abca34e015eaf8af7f4.png?resizew=537)
结合图乙分析温度、水醇比与甲醇平衡转化率的关系:
②在图中用阴影画出最优化的反应条件区域(下图为乙和丙组合的平面图,实线为甲醇平衡转化率,虚线为CO物质的量分数):
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/5/27/2471548124307456/2471734394028032/STEM/df7fdcd467364371a80e50cb1c4c75d2.png?resizew=246)
反应Ⅰ:CO2(g)+H2(g)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/317b4f26fd194ac7b8df5432cb211bd2.png?resizew=39)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/885d3af905ba40c78d8fce6898973560.png?resizew=3)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/885d3af905ba40c78d8fce6898973560.png?resizew=3)
反应Ⅱ:CO(g)+2H2(g)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/317b4f26fd194ac7b8df5432cb211bd2.png?resizew=39)
反应Ⅲ:CO2(g)+3H2(g)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/317b4f26fd194ac7b8df5432cb211bd2.png?resizew=39)
回答下列问题:
(1)反应Ⅲ的ΔS
(2)在恒压密闭容器中,充入一定量的H2和CO2(假定仅发生反应Ⅲ),实验测得反应物在不同温度下,反应体系中CO2的平衡转化率与压强的关系曲线如图1所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/0adb9f6c9ca14380a2119bd20c5b85b9.png?resizew=247)
反应过程中,不能判断反应Ⅲ已达到平衡状态的标志是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/ceada31aed03423ab13303d0f618e912.png?resizew=3)
A.断裂3 mol H—H键,同时生成2 mol H—O键
B.CH3OH的浓度不再改变
C.容器中气体的平均摩尔质量不变
D.容器中气体的压强不变
Ⅱ.电化学原理在化学工业中有广泛的应用。请根据下图回答问题:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/72e5db26b332442998a616e217f3a24a.png?resizew=271)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/5e36c9a8dc014272a956065539f4732e.png?resizew=221)
(3)根据图2,若装置B中a
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/ceada31aed03423ab13303d0f618e912.png?resizew=3)
(4)在微电子工业中NF3常用作氮化硅的蚀刻剂,工业上通过电解含N
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/6/21/1720156512681984/1751245606879232/STEM/885d3af905ba40c78d8fce6898973560.png?resizew=3)
(1)在新型RuO2催化剂作用下,使HCl转化为Cl2的反应2HCl(气)+
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3cfa1e7ffae662aefb49a44c52d4954d.png)
t/min | 0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 8.0 |
n(Cl2)/10-3mol | 0 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 7.2 |
(2)一定条件下铁可以和CO2发生反应:Fe(s)+CO2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d30bd52fbc729100498b5300daf60350.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/24/082574a3-34df-4b6b-8bde-687544d44f49.png?resizew=170)
①t1时,正、逆反应速率的大小关系为v正
②0~4min时间段内,CO的平均反应速率v(CO)=
③下列条件的改变能减慢其反应速率的是
a.降低温度
b.减少铁粉的质量
c.保持压强不变,充入He使容器的体积增大
d.保持体积不变,充入He使体系压强增大
④下列描述能说明上述反应已达平衡的是
a.v(CO2)=v(CO)
b.单位时间内生成nmolCO2的同时生成nmolCO
c.容器中气体压强不随时间而变化
d.容器中气体的平均相对分子质量不随时间而变化
【推荐2】(1)3.2g硫完全燃烧生成稳定的氧化物放出297.2kJ,写出硫燃烧热的热化学方程式:
(2)氮的固定一直是科学家研究的重要课题,合成氨则是人工固氮比较成熟的技术,其原理为N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g)△H;已知每破坏1mol有关化学键需要的能量如下表:
H-H | N-H | N-N | N |
435.9kJ | 390.8kJ | 192.8kJ | 945.8kJ |
则△H=
(3)在某一容积为2L的恒容密闭容器中,A、B、C、D四种气体物质发生可逆反应,其物质的量n(mol)随时间t(min)的变化曲线如图所示。回答下列问题:
①该反应的化学方程式为
②在2min时,图像发生改变的原因可能是
A.增大B的物质的量B.降低温度
C.加入催化剂D.减小A的物质的量
③不同条件下的该反应的速率:①v(A)=1.0mol·L-1·s-1,②v(B)=1.0 mol·L-1·s-1,③v(C)=1.2 mol·L-1·s-1,④v(D)=1.2mol·L-1·s-1。其中反应速率最快的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/6/26/2234026306551808/2235607033528320/STEM/e933d1843c0b4c1cae0e6fb6930afde7.png?resizew=33)
(1)从开始反应至达到平衡状态,生成C的平均反应速率为
(2)x=
(3)下列各项可作为该反应达到平衡状态的标志的是
A.压强不再变化 B.v(A)正=2v(B)逆
C 气体密度不再变化 D.A的百分含量保持不变
E.A的消耗速率与C的消耗速率之比为2:1
Ⅱ.某鱼雷采用 Al-Ag2O 动力电池,以溶解有KOH 的流动海水为电解液,电池总反应为:2Al+3Ag2O+2KOH=6Ag+2KAlO2+H2O。试回答下列问题:
(1)Ag2O 为电池的
(2)当有 1mol电子流经外电路时,负极质量减少
(3)溶液中的 OH-向
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/4/21/1670626086264832/1671461944598528/STEM/45d14517507e46e08590907d3fa11caa.png?resizew=35)
①下列描述中能说明上述反应已达平衡的是
a. v(O2)正=2v(SO3)逆
b.容器中气体的密度不随时间而变化
c.容器中气体的平均相对分子质量不随时间而变化
d.容器中气体的分子总数不随时间而变化
②在一个固定容积为5L的密闭容器中充入0.20molSO2和0.10molO2,半分钟后达到平衡,测得容器中含SO30.18mol,则v(O2)=
(2)工业生成尿素的原理是以NH3和CO2为原料合成尿素[CO(NH2)2],反应的化学方程式为2NH3(g)+CO2(g)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/4/21/1670626086264832/1671461944598528/STEM/45d14517507e46e08590907d3fa11caa.png?resizew=35)
T/℃ | 165 | 175 | 185 | 195 |
K | 111.9 | 74.1 | 50.6 | 34.8 |
①ΔH
②在一定温度和压强下,若原料气中的NH3和CO2的物质的量之比(氨碳比)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd65afbe12d116094a4ae38326c7e382.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/4/21/1670626086264832/1671461944598528/STEM/c62244460532413b90d7caf957a0554a.png?resizew=143)
③图中的B点对应的NH3的平衡转化率为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5a122e25cf4eb9f03ffe5ec823bfc31.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a86cb76439df8b93379ca41c8a48b3c.png)
(1)已知上述反应过程中的能量变化如图1所示,则该反应是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/6/c641a899-d2b7-4b2f-acfd-dc9d71ce2c7d.png?resizew=288)
(2)在恒温恒容条件下充入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba8d41defa28f4f06acefb19b1286146.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b51c02c842e13205fa31c74d9d048942.png)
①下列情况表明该反应已达到平衡状态的是
A.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4386ff89c372991b30689f22d32828b9.png)
B.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f9eb98c9b42d32663137bbf2c3928c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a134fed9d02b0c136b703867811c82fe.png)
C.混合气体的平均摩尔质量不随时间变化
D.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/521981899ff2eb449d1f8f58a6217903.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f6287dab91a4428da92c3ce8f5550973.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf1c295fd10f4dcc21955ce39560b5c6.png)
②其他条件相同,下列措施能提高
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
A.降低温度 B.再充入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5a122e25cf4eb9f03ffe5ec823bfc31.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a58453e277815a9e6bb2682460ce85f0.png)
(3)在恒温条件下,向一容积为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c424e9f778fdc2a13a59898ab0ccbbe3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/326bdea6aa6af9c5046ce9b26c38f8e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/99f54f19fd88e44fe8edb979945b4154.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b50b2ffd4027fffbd780308541680dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fb7342545a96338c09070fb8981d6daa.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5547f6339f968a7af10c5c0c781308a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/076cd1d427babafbc2d6dd5f822a8e1d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/02fa8051b33d4bb2b26801da31f6ac0f.png)
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(4)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cecd2fa8749209ba1ef51a3865ec1024.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/6/6a139e23-e093-4796-b2c4-5cf1db9c02ac.png?resizew=139)
①在铂电极附近充入的是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
②石墨电极发生反应的电极反应式为
①CO2(g)+3H2(g)=CH3OH(g)+H2O(g) ΔH1=-49.58kJ/mol
②CO(g)+2H2(g)=CH3OH(g) ΔH2=-90.77kJ/mol
③CO2(g)+H2(g)=CO(g)+H2O(g) ΔH3
(1)反应③的ΔH3=
(2)若反应①在恒容密闭容器中进行,能判断反应已达化学平衡状态的是___________(填字母)。
A.CO2百分含量保持不变 | B.容器中H2浓度与CO2浓度之比为3∶1 |
C.容器中混合气体的密度保持不变 | D.CO2的生成速率与CH3OH的生成速率相等 |
(3)在一定温度和催化剂存在下,向2L密闭容器中充入5molCO2和5molH2发生反应①5min时达到平衡,测得CO2还剩4mol。
①该时间内用氢气表示的反应速率v(H2)为
②达平衡时反应①的平衡常数K为
Ⅱ.用滴定法可以测定食醋中醋酸的含量,用酸式滴定管取10.00mL这种市售食醋,置于已知烧杯中称得其质量为12.50g,再稀释至100mL,滴定时每次取20.00mL于锥形瓶中,选用的标准溶液是0.1125mol/LNaOH溶液滴定至终点,平均每次消耗NaOH溶液20.00mL。
(4)该实验中的指示剂应选择
(5)该食醋中CH3COOH的质量分数为
(6)滴定过程中下列操作会导致测定的CH3COOH的质量分数偏小的是(其它操作均正确)___________
A.碱式滴定管在装液前未用待测NaOH溶液润洗2~3次 |
B.滴定开始前碱式滴定管尖嘴部分无气泡,在滴定终点读数时发现气泡 |
C.达到滴定终点时,俯视溶液凹液面最低点读数 |
D.滴定过程中,部分NaOH溶液滴到锥形瓶外 |
(1)已知:NO氢化反应2NO(g)+2H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d30bd52fbc729100498b5300daf60350.png)
物质 | NO(g) | H2(g) | H2O(g) | N2(g) |
标准生成热(kJ·mol-1) | 90.25 | 0 | -241.8 | 0 |
②一定体积密闭容器中,既能加快反应速率又能提高NO平衡转化率的方法是
③某温度下,等物质的量的NO和H2在恒容密闭容器中发生反应,起始压强为100 kPa。
达平衡时,总压减少20%,NO的转化率为
(2)NO氧化反应:2NO(g)+O2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d30bd52fbc729100498b5300daf60350.png)
Ⅰ.2NO(g)→N2O2(g) ΔH1
Ⅱ.N2O2(g)+O2(g)→2NO2(g) ΔH2,其反应过程能量变化示意图如图1。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/22/2984794883727360/2985080413372416/STEM/37a3c83d-b4c7-4730-ba14-fa6553dcb90c.png?resizew=241)
①决定NO氧化反应速率的步骤是
②在恒容的密闭容器中充入一定量的NO和O2气体,保持其他条件不变,控制反应温度分别为T3和T4(T4>T3),测得c(NO)随t(时间)的变化曲线如图2。转化相同量的NO,在温度
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/22/2984794883727360/2985080413372416/STEM/d40600b1-15e3-4c12-85df-944b5f9ea7e5.png?resizew=214)
键能 | C=O | H-H | C-H | H-0 |
kJ mol-1 | 803 | 436 | 414 | 464 |
(2)二氧化碳甲烷化反应体系中,存在副反应:CO2(g)+ H2(g)= CO(g)+H2O(g) ΔH>0;向1L恒容密闭容器中通入1mol CO2和5 mol H2,测得相同反应时间内,不同催化剂作用下温度对CO2转化率和CH4选择性的影响如图所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/7/18/51bcd125-7c26-41b4-86fd-fa3739406ce3.png?resizew=372)
CH4选择性=
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08721d56803ca9f0a6d3bd76ed77c7dc.png)
①写出一种既能提高二氧化碳甲烷化的反应速率又能提高甲烷产率的措施
②反应温度在260℃~320℃之间时,应选择
③温度高于320℃后,以Ni为催化剂,CO2的转化率随温度升高显著上升的原因是
④若A点表示320℃时的平衡状态,则此时容器中CH4的浓度为
(1)治理汽车尾气中NO和CO的一种方法是:在汽车的排气管道上安装一个催化转化装置,使NO与CO反应,产物都是空气中的主要成分。写出该反应的热化学方程式
已知:①N2(g)+O2(g)=2NO(g) ∆H=+179.5kJ/mol
②2NO(g)+O2(g)=2NO2(g) ∆H=-112.3kJ/mol
③NO2(g)+CO(g)=NO(g)+CO2(g) ∆H=-234kJ/mol
(2)已知植物光合作用发生的反应如下:6CO2(g)+6H2O(l)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
A.增大CO2的浓度 | B.取走一半C6H12O6 | C.加入催化剂 | D.适当升高温度 |
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/13/a8751929-fd13-41b6-a26c-eb6a6041dba9.png?resizew=254)
①在转化过程中起催化作用的物质是
②写出总反应的化学方程式
(4)工业上以NH3和CO2为原料合成尿素[CO(NH2)2),反应的化学方程式如下:2NH3(g)+CO2(g)⇌CO(NH2)2(l)+H2O(l);根据上述反应,填写下列空白
①已知该反应可以自发进行,则∆H
②一定温度和压强下,若原料气中的NH3和CO2的物质的量之比
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ce433013330410e4cfdee223a7d1107.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/13/09946413-5235-443f-a7ec-1f95c4b8de58.png?resizew=225)
③一定温度下,在3L定容密闭容器中充入NH3和CO2,若x=2,当反应后气体压强变为起始时气体压强的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bf31876698721a199c7c53c6b320aa86.png)