![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
(1)利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/75dc61582eedacd235f61d67ff0a0130.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15dbff159dcece1c76fc2263297dc2a1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/674d0da6b827776d31049791fe8ac65a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4250cd269f59494a5c7bc07ace1e713f.png)
已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac4bb5ab7f13c24e73afc40e9e4ab04b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a17eae3a1e02fa9231d5ae0c16c94788.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f191624a39eb94fcdc3eb8a4282584d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd5e0e79f25e3846a917c95371f35284.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41a0c6971b36d0629239b4e185ecad3a.png)
(2)某温度下,在容积为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9e1aca1a7244e11a77545bea6b47a33.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd22b38b2826d9ea0c76f5ffd300c1a5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de64fd10243f0e111856307d2f0ea91c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82135893df28a76971206bb7a42eac51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24bfbb0880fb684f385bcaade919743.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/976c531b501e101a66a0d444bce0f772.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/29/2fd278b3-278b-4f01-be02-93a4c8560431.png?resizew=252)
①若达到b点所用时间为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fb21c93732b200bdddc5217b66090722.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/145b0d8d3fef3d87cef2868e82ac7451.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b8342d57645c9225784ff36e2b9f8349.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5547f6339f968a7af10c5c0c781308a9.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/536dd1782e72b85b1294c27c75939fde.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3855dcc64a8d2d84cce2105dc481531c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef653f5cb330066f4e8a08ce08056613.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0977a7ce78a51923e809d90a341f6b83.png)
(3)工业上,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
主反应:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b66bd0b7bc76f332cfdb0199de41c099.png)
副反应Ⅰ:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46e8ff09cee1b1ab7b166e596456325e.png)
副反应Ⅱ:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/360cae14d0e3eb47c609fe96daceba3d.png)
一定条件下,在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9e1aca1a7244e11a77545bea6b47a33.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd22b38b2826d9ea0c76f5ffd300c1a5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/99f54f19fd88e44fe8edb979945b4154.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4d1f1e78b8ee320c79a71d3308b8db0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/093498ce95f01a4482e99bb7f786b0cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5a122e25cf4eb9f03ffe5ec823bfc31.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03000fa64ecd6194029fc511f94433c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e514bc1761deff47d27c1909c1906ab4.png)
①此时
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8888cbd86a45d358f0fa33726e31727e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19cd5186a83315b0e3833e702a8c6cf4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82135893df28a76971206bb7a42eac51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
②下列方法一定能提高
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4d1f1e78b8ee320c79a71d3308b8db0.png)
A.升高温度 B.选择更高效的催化剂 C.不改变投料比,增大反应物浓度
相似题推荐
【推荐1】煤的洁净技术(包括固硫技术和脱硫技术两类)可有效降低燃煤废气中SO2的含量,已成为我国解决环境问题的主导技术之一。
I.固硫技术:通过加入固硫剂,将硫元素以固体形式留在煤燃烧的残渣中。石灰石是常用的固硫剂,固硫过程中涉及的部分反应如下:
①CaCO3(s)⇌CaO(s)+CO2(g) ∆H1= +178.30kJ/mol
②CaO(s)+SO2(g)+0.5O2(g)⇌CaSO4(s) ∆H2= -501.92 kJ/mol
③CO(g) + 0.5O2(g)⇌CO2(g) ∆H3
④CaSO4(s) + CO(g)⇌CaO(s) + SO2(g) + CO2(g) ∆H4= +218.92kJ/mol
(1)温度升高,反应①的化学平衡常数
(2)∆H3=
(3)在煤燃烧过程中常鼓入稍过量的空气以提高固硫率(燃烧残渣中硫元素的质量占燃煤中硫元素总质量的百分比),结合反应②、③、④分析其原因:
II.电化学脱硫技术是一种温和的净化技术,其基本原理为利用阳极反应产生的羟基自由基(·OH,氧元素为-1价)将燃煤中的含硫物质氧化除去,其装置示意图如图所示。
(4)将煤打成煤浆加入电解槽的目的是
(5)阳极的电极反应式为
(6)用羟基自由基除去煤中二硫化亚铁(FeS2)的反应的离子方程式为(补全并配平):FeS2+·OH =Fe3++SO+ H2O +_______
(7)利用上述装置对某含FeS2的煤样品进行电解脱硫,测得一定时间内随溶液起始pH的改变脱硫率(溶于水中的硫元素质量占煤样中硫元素总质量的百分比)的变化如图所示。pH大于1.5后脱硫率下降的可能原因有:随着pH的升高,反应物的氧化性或还原性降低;
反应I: CO2(g)+3H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
反应II: CO2(g)+H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
(1)反应CO(g)+2H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
(2)在密闭容器中,上述反应混合体系建立平衡后,下列说法正确的是_______。
A.增大压强,CO的浓度一定保持不变 |
B.降低温度,反应II的逆反应速率增大,正反应速率减小 |
C.增大CH3OH的浓度,反应II的平衡向正反应方向移动 |
D.恒温恒容下充入氦气,反应I的平衡向正反应方向移动 |
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/20/2962178875301888/2962424853118976/STEM/c6b33721-73ef-4a80-be08-1e98cf07bb03.png?resizew=560)
CH3OH的选择性=
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e1a4758948649a27c64d2dd1e81fd3cf.png)
①由图可知,合成甲醇的适宜条件为
A.CZT催化剂 B. CZ(Zr-1)T 催化剂 C.230°C D.290 °C
②在230°C以上,升高温度,CO2的平衡转化率增大,但甲醇的产率降低,原因是
(4)恒温恒压密闭容器中,加入2molCO2和4molH2,发生反应I和反应II,反应达平衡时,CO2的转化率为50%,气体体积减小10%,则在达到平衡时, CH3OH的选择性=
(5)利用电催化可将CO2同时转化为多种燃料,装置如图:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/20/2962178875301888/2962424853118976/STEM/2b2048a2-abb4-4563-804d-b840ba7964ea.jpg?resizew=311)
①铜电极上产生HCOOH的电极反应式为
②若铜电极上只生成5.6gCO,则铜极区溶液质量变化了
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/17/44fb7a2f-7b28-4657-8292-4b1ed1eaa804.png?resizew=627)
(1)“一次转化”中H2O(g)过量的目的是
(2)已知部分物质燃烧的热化学方程式如下:
2H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(g)△H=-484kJ•mol-1
2CO(g)+O2(g)=2CO2(g)△H=-566kJ•mol-1
CH4(g)+2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(g)△H=-802kJ•mol-1
“二次转化”时CH4和O2反应生成CO和H2的热化学方程式为
(3)“CO变换”的反应是CO(g)+H2O(g)⇌CO2(g)+H2(g)某温度下,该反应的平衡常数K=1,若要使CO的转化率达到90%,则起始时c(H2O):c(CO)应不低于
(4)“脱碳”后的溶液再生的方法是
(5)“净化”时发生的反应为 [Cu(NH3)2]Ac(aq)+CO(g)+NH3(g)⇌[Cu(NH3)3•CO]Ac(aq),△H<0。充分吸收CO采取的措施是
a 升温 b 降温 c 加压 d 减压
(6)已知N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g)△H<0,平衡时NH3的物质的量分数c(NH3)与氢氮比x(H2与N2的物质的量比)的关系如图:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/17/b91d716a-66b9-484e-8b7a-a6fbe841cc31.png?resizew=180)
①T1
②a点总压为50Mpa,T2时Kp=
③实验测得一定条件下合成氨反应的速率方程为v=kc(N2)c1.5(H2)c-1(NH3)。以下措施既能加快反应速率,又能提高H2平衡转化率的是
a 加压 b 使用催化剂 c 增大氢氮比 d 分离NH3
I.CoO(s)+CO(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
II.CoO(s)+H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
同时存在副反应III.CO2(g)+H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
回答下列问题:
(1)几种化学键的键能如表所示:
化学键 | C≡O | H-H | H-O | C=O |
键能/kJ·mol-1 | a | 436 | 463 | 750 |
则a=
(2)823K时,将0.1molH2和0.2molCO2充入1L密闭容器中,发生反应III,平衡后容器内总压强为50.66kPa,此时H2O(g)的体积分数为0.2,向容器中加入足量CoO(s)和Co(s),继续反应达平衡后容器中H2O(g)的体积分数为0.3。此时容器中H2的物质的量n(H2)=
(3)研究表明,CO2(g)+H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/02f0eb56e10c87aff00f2aed97093cee.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/8/25/3052072523702272/3052938619437056/STEM/137b2544d27a49d3b15a017c917e7dca.png?resizew=155)
I.H2S是煤化工原料气脱硫过程的重要中间体,反应原理为:
i.COS(g)+H2(g) ⇌H2S(g)+CO(g) ∆H=+7kJ·mol
ii.CO(g)+H2O(g) ⇌CO2(g)+H2(g) ∆H=-42kJ·mol
已知断裂1mol气态分子中的化学键所需能量如下表所示。
分子 | COS(g) | H2(g) | CO(g) | H2S(g) |
能量(kJ·mol-1) | 1310 | 442 | x | 669 |
(2)T℃时,向VL容积不变的密闭容器中充入1molCOS(g)、1molH2(g)和1molH2O(g),发生上述两个反应。
①在T℃时测得平衡体系中COS为0.80mol,H2为0.85mol,则T℃时反应ⅰ的平衡常数K=
②上述反应达平衡后,若升高温度,则CO的平衡体积分数
II.H2S在高温下分解制取H2,同时生成硫蒸气。
(3)向2L密闭容器中加入0.2molH2S,反应在不同温度(900~1500℃)下达到平衡时,混合气体中各组分的体积分数如下图所示,则在此温度区间内,H2S分解反应的主要化学方程式为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/17/6af3e76b-303f-4212-8965-29f2d5584d29.png?resizew=241)
III.H2S用作重金属离子的沉淀剂。
(4)25℃时,向浓度均为0.001mol·L-1Sn2+和Ag+的混合溶液中通入H2S,当Sn2+开始沉淀时,溶液中c(Ag+)=
(1)石油危机日渐严重,甲烷的转化和利用在天然气化工行业有非常重要的作用。甲烷重整技术主要是利用甲烷和其他原料来制备合成气(CO和H2混合气体)。现在常见的重整技术有甲烷-水蒸气重整,其反应为:CH4(g) + H2O(g)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/11/29/2344308352892928/2346305600643072/STEM/555c9f2a29064ab5819e33e9a5f86881.png?resizew=30)
如图为反应压强为0.3 MPa,投料比n(H2O)/n(CH4)为1,在三种不同催化剂催化作用下,甲烷-水蒸气重整反应中CH4转化率随温度变化的关系。
下列说法正确的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/11/29/2344308352892928/2346305600643072/STEM/dffd51a3-cf7b-4938-a9ae-6e60249885e4.png?resizew=291)
A.在相同条件下,三种催化剂Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的催化效率由高到低的顺序是Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ
B.b点CH4的转化率高于a点,原因是b、a两点均未达到平衡状态,b点温度高,反应速率较快,故CH4的转化率较大
C.C点一定未达到平衡状态
D.催化剂只改变反应速率不改变平衡移动,所以在850℃时,不同催化剂(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)作用下达平衡时CH4的转化率相同
(2) 乙炔(C2H2)在气焊、气割及有机合成中用途非常广泛,甲烷在1500℃左右气相裂解法生产,裂解反应:2CH4(g)=C2H2(g)+3H2(g)的△H= +376.4kJ/mol。
哈斯特研究得出当甲烷分解时,几种气体平衡时分压(Pa)与温度(℃)的关系如图所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/11/29/2344308352892928/2346305600643072/STEM/1b71e696-7677-4e15-9600-85d2f439ec63.png?resizew=283)
①T1℃时,向1L恒容密闭容器中充入0.3 mol CH4只发生反应2CH4(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e98feedde5546db26eb490641ba3a817.png)
②由图可知,甲烷裂解制乙炔有副产物乙烯生成,为提高甲烷制乙炔的转化率,除改变温度外,还可采取的措施有
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3c0c2a1c1ed1df66ddab70248264eaee.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1c5e550d337b67aa0496629725f4f83.png)
③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f8516dd065dca10386996a3f5c15bd6.png)
回答下列问题:
(1)已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/205eb76bf3541cd885da2e8c10dbc1ee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2edf3ec4c25802a60151619a6cf99822.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24cde03068deb44bd00e929884761b9d.png)
(2)反应进行
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09ef6b3d25dabd6304a6cb6294b61d0c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/13/2957194698178560/2957784824332288/STEM/850840d0-496e-4144-bbd0-73ba3e47a313.png?resizew=334)
①反应所需活化能最低的曲线是
②由曲线d可知,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/869d79dce7398395d520ccc763cb9359.png)
③A点对应的转化率
④在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a2243a8bd05a1a354c437aa55a05bffd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9e7ee1026661a5c3c73aa5ce674959.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bcdbcfa56af123635b4f5bae5908df69.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/69ca0c7ee7ef60c39cf6530731d45d45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7cab232aa0d51de2d8f07e7271e744a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9110e80d125190c4b5bed606e1fc2220.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b0a6c15428939414834c004df67176f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b0a6c15428939414834c004df67176f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7fa4e407156124daed6d1d94dbb26e29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7858e3a5558266d3bdbfa5237895cfcc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3da6b80ddcfd4623619c062b158a8c57.png)
(3)在一定条件下,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9110e80d125190c4b5bed606e1fc2220.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/689cceefc5aed24568b73c0a6910c539.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7fa4e407156124daed6d1d94dbb26e29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87203a8d0af9ef58730df3b8dd90b4e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9110e80d125190c4b5bed606e1fc2220.png)
Step1:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd6416886e49cd6581353bf21a2fc6f7.png)
Step2:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/077ba5cda38b6bb29faf75522988020e.png)
Step3:___________
总反应:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5135a78db5f4fa86877d142b43b020a3.png)
Step3的反应方程式为
(1)CO用于处理大气污染物N2O的反应为CO(g) + N2O(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/29/58d0ccfb-069b-421d-8b3b-edbf3dba866f.png?resizew=548)
总反应:CO(g) + N2O(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
(2)已知:CO(g) + N2O(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
A.升温 | B.恒容时,再充入CO |
C.恒压时,再充入N2O | D.恒压时,再充入N2 |
(3)在总压为100kPa的恒容密闭容器中,充入一定量的CO(g)和N2O(g)发生上述反应,在不同条件下达到平衡时,在T1时N2O的转化率与
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/814cbc4b82021f331f37f3b144cd624f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd41f6e3408c322ba437f719ce354866.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/86553f5e11a1f1ab64a3aed702ceab31.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/29/bfeef3bb-db45-4e43-b467-cd027651063c.png?resizew=296)
①表示N2O的转化率随
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/814cbc4b82021f331f37f3b144cd624f.png)
②T1
③T4时,该反应的平衡常数Kp=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/d02c29b69bea4fc2abdf527acf856b12.png?resizew=74)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/125f269490574b05a36cf61a87b0a312.png?resizew=104)
Ⅰ.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/125f269490574b05a36cf61a87b0a312.png?resizew=104)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94c22d72adef7be244c127b029c8423c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/adc734228d5a4c28b3c7cc4e0d2508de.png?resizew=117)
Ⅱ.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/adc734228d5a4c28b3c7cc4e0d2508de.png?resizew=117)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94c22d72adef7be244c127b029c8423c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/d02c29b69bea4fc2abdf527acf856b12.png?resizew=74)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/fa2280a08aee4d9e8d9cb1e113f487d2.png?resizew=65)
回答下列问题:
(1)已知部分化学键的键能如下表所示:
化学键 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
键能(![]() | 351 | 348 | 615 | 413 | 463 | 745 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac4fe034ddc5dc5c445012d675b82738.png)
(2)在盛有催化剂
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b81fcccb8b1700a22d49b6f9bc997854.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd96f6de9b0161e4c3fad80c6891cab1.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/125f269490574b05a36cf61a87b0a312.png?resizew=104)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0f6c04facad3e728714a97f0bcacfd0.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/125f269490574b05a36cf61a87b0a312.png?resizew=104)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/3770be2466f14f2cae11faef6fae1125.png?resizew=315)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/23/840ab32b-db76-40a9-ac33-c92a89b1b898.png?resizew=612)
①
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/125f269490574b05a36cf61a87b0a312.png?resizew=104)
②随着温度的升高,
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/8d9bcf4217264f9cb1d93f8c6d031cd1.png?resizew=135)
③图中A点对应反应Ⅱ的标准平衡常数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4dae7efe901f282aff3a2cd21bff7ac0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d06ee61e4cb925cb80f41de2564ada0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ed1b04c1feaa699f19d671a511549fa.png)
④实际生产中若充入一定量氨气可提高丙烯腈的平衡产率,原因为
(3)科学家通过DFT计算得出反应Ⅱ的机理如图2所示,其中第二步反应为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/705f57463b4046ff8c2603617b2b5084.png?resizew=84)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94c22d72adef7be244c127b029c8423c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/5/31/2991256621768704/2991499594489856/STEM/d02c29b69bea4fc2abdf527acf856b12.png?resizew=74)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/23/ba3bd544-ac15-452a-8979-d3f64351a6d3.png?resizew=373)
(4)利用电解法由丙烯腈制备己二腈
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aeaa17abe51426afcbf0de5b742a3387.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/23/20da12c9-9a60-40bc-83b4-ac963c4ae6f4.png?resizew=445)
通电过程中,石墨电极2上的电极反应式为
(1)600K时,向恒温刚性容器中充入2molSO2(g)、1molO2(g)和适量催化剂进行上述反应,测得SO2(g)浓度随时间变化如图所示,则从开始到平衡时的平均反应速率v(O2)=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/3/19/2939735945461760/2940381442236416/STEM/7c6064c2-7827-43bb-b9fb-84751212a920.png?resizew=189)
(2)小组同学查阅资料发现,该反应正反应速率的表达式为v正=k正•cm(SO2)•cn(O2)(k正为速率常数,与温度有关),在900K时,测得正反应速率与初始浓度的关系如表所示:
初始浓度/mol·L-1 | 正反应速率/mol·L-1·s-1 | |
c0(SO2) | c0(O2) | v正 |
0.010 | 0.010 | 2.5×10-3 |
0.010 | 0.020 | 5.0×10-3 |
0.030 | 0.020 | 45×10-3 |
②TK时,若测得k正=1×103mol-2·L2·s-1,则T
(3)小组同学进一步发现k正与反应活化能(Ea)的关系为:k正=Ae
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73201e371140d84af0958ee5d975bb9e.png)
①若该反应在1000K时速率常数k正=2.5×104mol-2·L2·s-1,则该反应的活化能Ea=
②欲降低该反应的活化能,可采取的可行措施是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e1657e49d31add99becd9f5da5d82c0.png)
i.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4422feca4e332c9b1e41cdece5315b6f.png)
ii.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4364ab050a6e213e52e57bd4e9cdb88c.png)
iii.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c0c816528e6a2b3c8bc336c1f151ddc4.png)
(1)某温度下,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/750859dd7d5b821d909e6a32c11095cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e1657e49d31add99becd9f5da5d82c0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4189043bc1e40bc21c3e879a30645c06.png)
A.过程(1)为![]() ![]() ![]() |
B.加快![]() ![]() |
C.![]() |
D.氢原子核外只有一个电子,它产生的原子光谱只有一根或明或暗的线 |
(2)在特定温度下,由稳定态单质生成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d76d4dda6aa565a98885393209192172.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b8b7217c39e7642c339fa71418eaed03.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e4e5e3e5e0a86ad04224e9e5d6edd3c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/361f59abc7521c880d24d7eb47015b61.png)
物质 | ||||
标准摩尔生成焓( | 0 |
(3)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03a5c8a45b70251a7fa0506a5b4b8ac9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5a122e25cf4eb9f03ffe5ec823bfc31.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e1657e49d31add99becd9f5da5d82c0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8b111a57ced26b1adb55b7ab2ed9a6cd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e1657e49d31add99becd9f5da5d82c0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e1ab2ee26578e0ca3e385bd502b3578.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd96f6de9b0161e4c3fad80c6891cab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fbb00d558e456638de8ff1788db5a8d4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/358d1067c81a8f997a4d457088a769d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c577583bc8fe5f3c794eb132b2e00196.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/77b701ee51b34b769c8ed14f05f729a1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/22e152e695325fa84fb7463bf53fc1ed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e71c86dcd9a9e9b09bbbb65b9d313435.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d06ee61e4cb925cb80f41de2564ada0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/afa242b56176fd2266fec84f8fec7eb5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d06ee61e4cb925cb80f41de2564ada0.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/28/f7fde427-7b1c-4cb3-bd2d-faca1e61329b.png?resizew=482)
铁催化作用下,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe2066525aa0616cf44d051d57bf713.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2cbcd3a17798901bd8d07b221de6e1c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/927396cb1f18cff1a858277ef7d12249.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/28/a403c199-bf4c-4c4f-99b4-f88ce0636ef3.png?resizew=461)
已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
请回答:
(1)利于提高合成氨平衡产率的条件有
A.低温 B.高温 C.低压 D.高压 E.催化剂
(2)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
1小时 | 2小时 | 3小时 | 4小时 | |
![]() | 5.0% | 12% | 21% | 21% |
![]() | 7.0% | 17% | a | b |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e9a724b59c890095baa5cb73e267c44.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9275bd8ce17fcc4a786510b008414ab0.png)
②研究表明,合成氨的速率与相关物质的浓度关系为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7804da70f6bbab0d62ac8e6d098320f.png)
A.相同条件下反应物的浓度对合成氨速率的影响程度
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
B.增大
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe2066525aa0616cf44d051d57bf713.png)
C.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
D.合成氨反应的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/22e1324e1e9318481b6e7264c8595804.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cec6e5e5c7d0a43c858ced2e5c614b1d.png)
(3)实际工业生产中,Fe作催化剂,需控制温度为773K,压强为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a607cc17f69fe5f0477f498c61c6f2de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
(4)利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe2066525aa0616cf44d051d57bf713.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/648dd310db125ced9abb4264f76e0313.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e024c192ed098771e6eb6b48dc79404f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c523e50f790218235eae777f95a8a724.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe2066525aa0616cf44d051d57bf713.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e762a80c1216318892c2155bef79681.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/06ed302b7192a61e542befaade5ded5e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/28/7c1bea9d-083c-4049-b31c-c50e28a00a97.png?resizew=250)
①在有氧条件下,5min内,温度从420K升高到580K,此时段内NO的平均反应速率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93d1eec97ff215c723412edc82d3dd83.png)
②在有氧条件下,温度580K之后NO生成
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)