With her eyes feeling increasingly tired and unclear, 16-year-old Sun Run went to the hospital with her parents in January. She was shocked when she found out that her eyesight was from 5. 0 to 4. 6 in only a term. “A few of my friends have had the same experience lately,” Sun said.
In fact, poor eyesight among Chinese primary and high school students rose from 59. 2 percent to 70. 6 percent in the first six months of 2020 because of online classes.
To protect students’ eyesight, the Chinese government has worked out new requirements for school supplies (供应) and equipment (设备) that will work on March 1, 2022.
According to the requirements, the size of text in students’ textbooks should be no smaller than nine-point. Teachers should also avoid using multimedia (多媒体) equipment like screens that are too bright. There are also requirements for desk and classroom lights. For example, these lights should give off as little blue light as possible. Blue light is bad for our eyes, but many of the electronic instruments we use every day, including our phones and computer screens, give off blue light.
Chinese government has also taken other steps to protect students’ eyesight in China. In May 2021, the National Health Commission required schools to make sure that students have at least two hours of outdoor activity a day.
1. Sun Run’s eyesight increased by 0.4 in only a term.2. We can infer that the rise of students with poor eyesight over the first half of 2020 is caused by long time’s looking at screens.
3. There are 3 requirements for school supplies and equipment mentioned in the passage to protect students’ eyesight.
4. Teachers should stop using screens or other multimedia equipment to protect students’ eyesight.
5. The purpose of the passage is to tell students how to use electronic instruments correctly.
2 . Do you think you are fat? Do you want to be healthy? let’s do exercise together. we have three groups for you to join.
| Easy Level (水平)： Anyone can join this group to do exercise. We run or ride bikes in the park three times a week, usually on Monday, Wednesday and Thursday afternoon, starting at five p.m and lasting (持续) for 30 minutes. |
| Medium Level: You can join this group if you’re not too young or too old. We exercise three times a week, but we do more sports than the first group. We can play basketball, football or go swimming. We will exercise for two hours a time. |
| High Level： If you want to join this group, you’d better ask your doctor first, because we do sports every day from Tuesday to Saturday, one and a half hours each time (每次), and there are many strength exercises. |
| A．Basketball. | B．Swimming. | C．Running. | D．Football. |
| A．The second or the third group. | B．The second group. |
| C．The first group or the second group. | D．The first group. |
| A．doctor | B．parent | C．friend | D．teacher |
| A．1.5 | B．4.5 | C．7.5 | D．10.5 |
| A．teach people how to do sports. | B．ask people to join the group. |
| C．tell people to live a healthy life. | D．help people learn more about sports. |
3 . Rick: I live in Chengdu and I go to No. 3 Middle School. I go to school by bike every day, because the roads (路) in Chengdu are nice and it is easy for me to ride a bike. But sometimes when it rains (下雨), I take a bus to school.
Joe: My name is Joe Smith. I’m from Miami, the USA. I take the school bus to school and it’s easy for students. After school, I still take the school bus home. What about you?
Carol: My name is Carol. I live in a village in Yunnan. Truly speaking, I don’t really like going to school, because my school is far from my home. And there are two rivers between my home and school. I need to take a boat to school.
Julie: Hi, I am Julie. I live in Beijing. My parents are teachers in a middle school and I’m a student in their school. Every morning, my father drives my mother and me to school. And after school, my father drives us home.
1. How does Julie go to school?| A．By bike. | B．By car. | C．By bus. | D．By subway. |
| A．America. | B．Sichuan. | C．Yunnan. | D．Beijing. |
| A．Because she has no car. |
| B．Because it always rains in Yunnan. |
| C．Because her school is far from her home. |
| D．Because there is no nice road in their village. |
| A．Joe’s last name is Brown |
| B．Rick goes to No. 1 Middle School |
| C．Julie’s parents work in the same school |
| D．there is a river between Carol’s home and school |
| A．Where they live. | B．How they go to school. |
| C．Where their parents work. | D．When they go to school. |
We’ve all felt confused before. The feeling of not knowing what the answers or solutions are can make us feel useless, stupid, and cause us to worry.
People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn’t right.
But confusion might actually be a good thing. When we jump to an answer, we don’t have time to explore (探索) the thing we’re confused about. Instead of paying no attention to your confusion, accepting it and taking the opportunity to think about what’s confusing can benefit our learning. In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding. A 2004 study explored six moods that people feel while learning, including upset, bored, and confused. They found that students who spent more of the lesson confused learned the most. In another study, scientists tried to confuse students by giving them contradicting (矛盾的) information. Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test. Not knowing the answer to a problem gives us space to look at different ways to solve it. The feeling of confusion also encourages us to look more deeply into the problem. In the end, this helps us understand the topic on a deeper level.
Confusion is also important for learning your identity (身份). People find out their identity in two steps. The first step is exploration, where you try out different groups and values and see what fits. The next step is commitment, when you decide firmly (坚定地) about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity. Exploring your identity can feel very confusing. But a study found, that people who do the most exploring about who they are have better outcomes such as higher self- confidence and self-esteem (自尊) later in life.
So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion.
1. Why does a person try to hide his confusion?| A．Because he wants others to make good judgement on him. |
| B．Because he has good ability to guess and create an answer. |
| C．Because hiding his confusion helps him work out a solution. |
| D．Because telling others his confusion will make them confused. |
| A．Good understanding leads to less confusion. |
| B．Confusion can have helpful effect on learning. |
| C．Digging deeply into a problem may cause confusion. |
| D．Confusion prevents the development of self-confidence. |
| A．promise | B．imagination | C．challenge | D．argument |
| A．To call on readers to study confusion on a deeper level. |
| B．To tell readers about the research results on confusion. |
| C．To explain to readers it’s normal to feel confused. |
| D．To encourage readers to clear up their confusion. |
5 . Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 480 varieties of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest.
Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing a significant amount of the world’s oxygen. Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy (树冠层) of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds.
Amazingly, the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants’ way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. To survive in the forest, animals must climb, jump or fly across the gaps. The ground floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life.
They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can generate 75% of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal-and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain-your umbrella may protect you in a shower, but it won’t keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours, streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity (湿气) of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain.
1. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?| A．They produce oxygen. | B．They cover a vast area. |
| C．They are well managed. | D．They are rich in wildlife. |
| A．Heavy rains. | B．Big trees. | C．Small plants. | D．Forest animals. |
| A．For more sunlight. | B．For more growing space. |
| C．For self-protection. | D．For the detection of insects. |
| A．Life-Giving Rainforests | B．The Law of the Jungle |
| C．Animals in the Amazon | D．Weather in Rainforests |
6 . A young man went to the boss of a logging crew (伐木队) and asked for a job.
“That depends,” replied the boss. “Let’s see you fell this tree.”
The young man stepped forward and skillfully felled a big tree.
The boss was amazed and said, “You can start the job on Monday.”
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday went by, and Thursday afternoon the boss went to the young man and said, “You can get the pay on your way out today.”
The young man was very surprised. He replied, “I thought you would pay on Friday. ”
“Usually we do,” the boss said. “But we’re letting you go today because you’ve fallen behind. Our daily felling reports show that you’ve dropped from first place on Monday to last place today.”
“But I’m quite hardworking,” the young man argued, “I am the first to arrive, and the last to leave, and even work during my coffee breaks!”
The boss thought for a minute and then asked, “Have you sharpened your axe (斧子)?” The young man replied, “No, sir, I’ve been working too hard to take time for that!”
Our lives are like this. We sometimes get so busy that we don’t take time to “sharpen the axe”.
There’s nothing wrong with working hard. But we all need time to relax, to think, to learn and grow. If we don’t take time to relax, we will feel bored and lose our effectiveness.
1. How did the young man get the job?| A．He answered the boss’ questions. | B．He showed his ability to fell a tree. |
| C．He gave the boss a sharp axe. | D．He made a promise to work hard. |
| A．the boss was happy with him | B．he wanted to buy a new axe |
| C．the boss was asking him to leave | D．he wanted to take the next day off |
| A．Where there is a will, there is a way. |
| B．Health is the best treasure a man can have. |
| C．There’s nothing wrong with working hard. |
| D．Taking time to “sharpen the axe” can make us more effective. |
There are different kinds of steamed buns in Chinese food. One of them is xiaolongbao.
The name “xiaolongbao” refers to the buns which are cooked in a small bamboo basket. Usually, xiaolongbao are filled with pork that is cut into pieces. But pork isn’t always the only ingredient (原料). Vegetables, seafood, and other kinds of meat can also be put into xiaolongbao. People think up a bright idea to keep the soup inside the buns. Actually, the soup comes from the beef juice that is kept in the solid(固体) form. It melts when the buns are cooked, but it will be kept inside until people take their first bite. What makes xiaolongbao special is the delicious soup that comes with every bite.
It’s said that the development of xiaolongbao started in Shanghai, but now it is found all over the world. Thanks to a restaurant called Ding Tai Fung, xiaolongbao becomes well-known throughout the world. The owner of the restaurant had planned to sell cooking oil at first. But since there were so many restaurants selling the same product and it was difficult for them to make money, the owner’s wife started selling xiaolongbao to earn a little extra money. This delicious food quickly became famous and popular among the local people. So the couple decided to stop selling cooking oil and turn their business into a restaurant. In the early 1990s, Din Tai Fung was chosen as one of top 10 restaurants in the world. Since then, more and more people around the world have known about the food xiaolongbao.
Another place where people can enjoy tasty xiaolongbao is Nanxiang Steamed Bun Restaurant in Shanghai. The restaurant has a long history of more than 100 years and its xiaolongbao is known for its unusual flavour. Unlike many other restaurants , this restaurant does not add any shallots, garlic, or MSG(葱蒜或味精). Just be careful when you eat them because they are always very hot when being served.
1. Xiaolongbao was named after________.| A．its shape and colour | B．the person who invented it |
| C．the place where it became popular | D．the container in which it is cooked |
| A．Why xiaolongbao is so delicious. | B．Who invented and developed xiaolongbao. |
| C．How xiaolongbao becomes worldwide famous. | D．Which restaurant is the best to make xiaolongbao. |
| A．Because it’s filled with garlic. | B．Because its flavour is unusual. |
| C．Because its shape is an old design. | D．Because it’s cool when being served. |
| A．Xiaolongbao was found in Beijing and developed in Shanghai. |
| B．The delicious food xiaolongbao has a long history of about 100 years. |
| C．Ding Tai Fung was chosen as the best restaurant in the world in the early 1990s. |
| D．The solid beef juice in xiaolongbao melts and becomes soup when being cooked. |
8 . Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Literature. Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black culture in America.
Her poems described conditions among the poor, racial inequality and drug use in the black community. She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women. But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people. She was an expert at the language of poetry. She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.
In her early poetry, Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the South Side of Chicago. The South Side of Chicago is where many black people live. In her poems, the South Side is called Bronzeville. It was “A Street in Bronzeville” that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945. Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions of the black experience during the time. The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.
In 1950, Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize for Literature. She won the prize for her second book of poems called “Annie Allen”. “Annie Allen” is a collection of poetry about the life of Bronzeville girl as a daughter, a wife and a mother. She experiences loneliness, loss, death and being poor. Ms. Brooks said that winning the prize changed her life.
Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called “Maud Martha”. “Maud Martha” received little notice when it was first published. But now it is considered an important work by some critics. Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.
In some of her poems, Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are. One example is this poem, “Corners on the Curing Sky”.
By the end of the 1960s, Gwendolyn Brooks’ poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville. She wrote about a writer and dealt with important political issues.
1. What does the passage mainly talk about?| A．The life of Gwendolyn Brooks. |
| B．The poems of Gwendolyn Brooks. |
| C．The understanding about black culture. |
| D．The struggles of black women. |
| A．providing examples |
| B．using statistics |
| C．comparing opinions |
| D．describing her experiences. |
a. Gwendolyn Brooks poetry expanded from everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville.
b. Gwendolyn Brooks described the South Side as Bronzeville.
c. Gwendolyn Brooks’ novel’s main idea is about the difficult life of many women.
d. Gwendolyn Brooks won the Pulizer Prize for her second book.
e. The Bronzeville poems gained the Critics’ praises.
| A．a-b-e-d-c | B．b-c-a-e-d |
| C．e-b-c-d-a | D．b-e-d-c-a |
| A．the difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks would meet |
| B．the poems related to political issues |
| C．the awards Gwendolyn Brooks gained |
| D．the racial inequality the black had to face |
9 . It’s no secret that laughter works wonders for us. And much research has been carried out, which shows that laughter is good for our general health and well-beige. It has been found to release endorphins (释放安多芬), our bodies natural “feel-good” chemicals, into our blood. But as we grow older, we are more likely to find fewer things funny. A child will laugh on average 300 times a day. By the time we reach adulthood, his number is around 20. But what’s behind this? One theory suggests that it’s not a problem of losing our sense of humor but rather, as we take things a bit more seriously.
Laughter is very much something we do with others. Studies have shown that we are 30 times more likely to find something funny when we are with others than when we are by ourselves. But to laugh with others, we do need to feel a connection to them. We need to feel comfortable in their company. That’s why it can be difficult to laugh with strangers. Laughter is also very contagious and one person’s laugh can spread quickly through out a group of people. But often what makes us join in is the fear of standing out and being different. We laugh, even if we don’t really get the joke, especially in groups controlled by a powerful person.
When the head teacher tells a joke, for example, you laugh, even though later you might wonder if the joke was really that funny at all.
There are many different reasons why we laugh. Here are three widely accepted theories: The Incongruity Theory: It’s often the unexpected that makes us laugh. When things that we are familiar with suddenly take a turn into the unknown, our expectations are challenged and that often results in laughter. The Superiority Theory: We often find the mistakes and misfortunes of others funny. This would explain the popularity of online videos showing pranks (恶作剧). The Relief Theory: Laugh offers light relief. It explains why there are so many jokes about the darker things in life. By being able to laugh at them, we are able to face them more easily.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?| A．More funny things happen when we are with others. |
| B．People feel comfortable in strangers’ company. |
| C．We laugh sometimes because of social needs. |
| D．Powerful people are more likely to be funny. |
| A．有区别的 | B．有感染力的 | C．令人害怕的 | D．令人舒适的 |
| A．Something familiar is easy to make people laugh. |
| B．There are only 3 theories about the reasons why we laugh. |
| C．Every child laughs 300 times and an adult laughs 20 times a day. |
| D．The Superiority Theory can explain why people love making funny videos. |
| A．The art of laughter. |
| B．The sign of laughter. |
| C．The power of laughter. |
| D．The science of laughter. |
10 . Tsunami: Killer Wave
The warnings are few. The signs are sudden. The ground shakes. The tide goes into reverse. A great roaring sound fills the air. And then ... It strikes. Wave after wave of crashing, crushing water. And when it is over, nothing is left. A tsunami.
The word in Japanese means “harbor wave”. Japan has been hit by many tsunamis in its history, as a result of its location. It lies across the edges of 4 tectonic plates. Most earthquakes are born in such places. When two tectonic plates push together, the earthquake sends enormous amounts of energy up through the ocean. A series of waves expands in all directions. In deep water, these waves travel fast — up to 500 miles an hour — but reach a height of only a few feet. A passing ship may not even notice them. But as the waves enter shallow waters and come into contact with the ocean floor, their speed is reduced but their height is raised. As they move onto land, the waves can rise as high as a 10-story building.
A tsunami wave doesn’t break like an ordinary wave. Instead, it advances like a wall of water, crashing over everything in its way, sometimes reaching more than a kilometer inland. More damage is caused when the wave moves back out to sea. It drags everything in its path underwater and out to sea. Most tsunamis have several waves. They arrive between 10 and 60 minutes after the first strike — just when survivors think the danger has passed.
The deadliest tsunami ever recorded occurred in December of 2004. An earthquake off the coast of Indonesia caused a tsunami that rushed across the Indian Ocean and reached as far as the coast of Africa. Whole sections of cities were destroyed. More than 200,000 people died.
Most had no way of being warned. Five thousand miles away in Hawaii, scientists at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center monitor the earth’s movements 24 hours a day. They hope to prevent a similar disaster from happening in the Pacific region. If they discover a quake big enough to cause a tsunami, the scientists try to find out where the wave will head and warn people in its path. Their advice is simple: leave the coastal areas and move to higher ground. Wait for news that the danger has passed. And be ready to deal with the damage that a tsunami leaves behind.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．What is a tsunami like? |
| B．What is a tsunami? |
| C．Where does a tsunami come from? |
| D．How strong is a tsunami? |
| A．The deadliest tsunami ever recorded caused 200,000 people to die. |
| B．An ordinary wave advances like a wall of water, crashing over everything in its way. |
| C．Most tsunamis can be warned now because scientists monitor the earth’s movements 24 hours a day. |
| D．When a tsunami wave moves back out to sea, more damage happens. |
| A．A daily newspaper. |
| B．A nature magazine. |
| C．A detective novel. |
| D．A science research. |
