解题方法
1 . 微颗粒的氧化锌作为一种纳米材料开始在相关领域发挥作用,利用锌焙砂
主要成分为
,含
及铅、铜、镉的氧化物
生产高纯氧化锌的工业流程如图所示,回答下列问题:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/85ecdf46-635f-45f6-816a-415848f84cd4.png?resizew=489)
已知:
微溶于水而生成亚砷酸
和
难溶于水。
(1)基态
原子核外价层电子轨道表达式为______ ,
中
的化合价为______ 。
(2)“浸出”过程中
足量,则生成的主要配离子的化学式为______ ;增大浸出率可采取的措施是______
写出两条
。
(3)“除砷”过程中,
作氧化剂
溶液呈酸性
,发生反应的离子方程式为______ 。
(4)“除重金属”过程中加入
后
在溶液中的残留浓度为
,此时![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd10b451dc9543250180f9457c4204a8.png)
______
。
(5)“沉锌”前锌元素以
存在,写出“沉锌”的化学方程式______ 。
(6)流程中可循环利用的物质有
、______ 、______
填化学式
。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/95b4cd60d8ddc7eabbe39ebd3671c33b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/682ea00eaed46604bf737bf68d35c068.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/85ecdf46-635f-45f6-816a-415848f84cd4.png?resizew=489)
已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/682ea00eaed46604bf737bf68d35c068.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db18788bf066a40d2ae67ecb5d2a25e7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1f4e1811896d4a6b9a8c60e6371c382.png)
(1)基态
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fe5b9f2768c9e68f633b33d6929f5590.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dda207a24f9bf3ad65f441f074df463.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3482b3e788f6069d41ee5a190c7ef1f0.png)
(2)“浸出”过程中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efb21c1262459d071283fc896d91d30.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
(3)“除砷”过程中,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dda207a24f9bf3ad65f441f074df463.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
(4)“除重金属”过程中加入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f6b3a3cfffd90d7be512e6ff3ac3d88e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab52c58d108a8e68c57129f2bb03dd01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57cb85c90e6a2222a1ef08217d2251cc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd10b451dc9543250180f9457c4204a8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f30395cf9446413cdcba67dd758ed71a.png)
(5)“沉锌”前锌元素以
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24c8ba4599f4183c2a5e2b58f2cb7e43.png)
(6)流程中可循环利用的物质有
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dc425860d55ee8340a2ee0bf392ead97.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2 .
、
、
、
是原子序数依次增大且不相邻的短周期主族元素,由这四种元素组成的化合物的结构如图所示,下列有关说法正确的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/ac92d144-3bbf-4856-9cda-14d63dde24fb.png?resizew=149)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8c78bd1ad3852333074e62b106f7379c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5ab62e096428849cddf4cb8cdaf12d7d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4dac47abbc8f28e1a4ee53aacc9c776.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/067802ecb7978511f798ef27d02e890b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/ac92d144-3bbf-4856-9cda-14d63dde24fb.png?resizew=149)
A.![]() ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() |
D.该化合物在酸性条件下水解生成的气体为极性分子 |
您最近一年使用:0次
3 . 一种新型电池装置如下图所示。金刚石压砧把
压入储氢材料,在压力梯度的驱动下生成质子,电子先后通过下层
电极和外接线路转移到
电极参与反应,形成闭合回路。下列说法正确的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/4/1/10dd1e6a-9aca-440c-a48d-bde04e7f6def.png?resizew=322)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3758cd1761237f4c34eecebbc7327e67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e1657e49d31add99becd9f5da5d82c0.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/4/1/10dd1e6a-9aca-440c-a48d-bde04e7f6def.png?resizew=322)
A.![]() |
B.电流方向是![]() ![]() ![]() |
C.电池负极反应为![]() |
D.由于压力梯度![]() ![]() |
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4 . 三氯化铬是有机金属化学中的重要原料,为紫色晶体,熔点为83
℃,易潮解,高温下易被氧气氧化。实验室用
和
加热到
℃时可制取
,同时还生成
,其装置图如下
加热及夹持装置略去
,请回答下列问题:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/86b96aad-daee-4496-bf79-8e40e6acb0bc.png?resizew=571)
已知:
沸点
℃;
有毒,沸点
℃,遇水剧烈水解生成刺激性气味的气体。
Ⅰ.制备
:
(1)仪器
的名称是______ 。
(2)装置
、
的作用分别是______ 、______ 。
(3)实验前先通入一段时间
的目的是______ 。
(4)制备
的化学方程式为______ 。
(5)判断反应结束的依据是______ 。
Ⅱ.测定
纯度:
称取
产品,在强碱性条件下,加入过量
溶液,并小火加热,使
元素完全转化为
;继续加热一段时间,冷却后配制成
溶液;取出
,滴加适量硫酸酸化后,用新配制的
标准液滴定至终点,消耗标准液
已知
被
还原为
。
(6)
被
氧化成
的离子方程式为______ 。
(7)产品中
的纯度为______
杂质不参与反应
。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f41482d1fb808cf773ffce07998ab8b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e69543ac78059865fd90c1987b7f221b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fa0b800f39df5ac9491cea4d5dc1aa1c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd3f655880d195d067a275e34a20a263.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e019270056118786e295117bf9b41129.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/86b96aad-daee-4496-bf79-8e40e6acb0bc.png?resizew=571)
已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fa0b800f39df5ac9491cea4d5dc1aa1c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b67062a497f87de4475daf13c4f1819b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e019270056118786e295117bf9b41129.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8086196253049fcf89b112a8ab73b488.png)
Ⅰ.制备
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
(1)仪器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c14c6709d2a04863cacdee618b20613e.png)
(2)装置
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7909220d1db380634534190b662ee0a7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6c59076e80b15755ef630fd5f40d1f7.png)
(3)实验前先通入一段时间
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5547e0098754a8e3f31bae5d5bcb4dd.png)
(4)制备
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
(5)判断反应结束的依据是
Ⅱ.测定
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
称取
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/29a9fffe00161476856d74cf3a12ef87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/001ad96b0e568f04d051817b7f565226.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0818f5c9aa9a6c2d3bf706242fdeeaca.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4cec4917700e7fdf302924b6c8fe962b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a1a585ba36c83d7a472b31cea21b4165.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8f4c7eb65b03a3fc8cfe445031518d5c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24f1480ef744c4d6e97d9266551b758c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6ee97005ce92f04672a2ae9a841db4f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/65229c6b8af46b8c0dc8a444f474dbc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/53f76c716b2947251bc5385f9f910aab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/71c25ab702f7db0527245bd7ed0ff4cf.png)
(6)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9c38c6b842b451f57d81f9f8dd320e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4cec4917700e7fdf302924b6c8fe962b.png)
(7)产品中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60c940ce921916e2ea84138b756a1c01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd995178601c2ad7b40f973d268c7bb7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04582116cd765fcc5a52f44279ad6c94.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
5 . 常温下,向
浓度为
溶液中滴加等物质的量浓度的
溶液,所得混合溶液的导电能力与加入
溶液体积
的关系如图所示,电离平衡常数
,下列说法不正确的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/ddd69447-a5b1-420d-ba34-50f5514a6c30.png?resizew=145)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8f4c7eb65b03a3fc8cfe445031518d5c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9fff251c4d1d21bcef64fcd5e5a8cfb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/964095a515ac0e4f92cda41f887cfc01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/964095a515ac0e4f92cda41f887cfc01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/766bce69262d521cce44b103693a7ca4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/208ce3c4ce1864b4112a707fdc0fa12e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/ddd69447-a5b1-420d-ba34-50f5514a6c30.png?resizew=145)
A.![]() ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() |
D.![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
6 . 在
作用下,
发生反应的历程如图所示。下列说法正确的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/7ad538f7-b4fd-4fb6-b791-443ea64787f4.png?resizew=280)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df34e87f8cab77058c4418a1744de668.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4f9f59cbd750c05b0805d0f8e4a4b9b2.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/3/31/7ad538f7-b4fd-4fb6-b791-443ea64787f4.png?resizew=280)
A.![]() ![]() |
B.该反应历程中![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() |
D.若将原料换为![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
7 . 氨硼烷
是一种新型储氢材料,分子中与
原子相连的
原子呈正电性,与
原子相连的
原子呈负催化剂电性。氨硼烷与水发生如下反应:
。下列说法正确的是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f92e322b19503052cb370b51c3ed06cc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8346ced59eb87a592fca47a82a146912.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55e09f77679d40666602ad3825841ca5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c14c6709d2a04863cacdee618b20613e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55e09f77679d40666602ad3825841ca5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b72144c7be5bee8dab214c205c1f873.png)
A.中子数为![]() ![]() ![]() |
B.基态原子第一电离能由大到小:![]() |
C.反应前后![]() ![]() |
D.氨硼烷中两种氢原子之间存在相互吸引作用 |
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解题方法
8 . 下列实验装置或操作能够达到实验目的的是
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
A.验证铁粉发生析氢腐蚀 | B.验证浓硫酸的强氧化性 | C.检查装置气密性 | D.乙醇萃取碘水中的碘 |
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
9 . 下列叙述错误的是
A.工业上用![]() ![]() ![]() |
B.石灰石是制造玻璃的主要原料之一 |
C.浓硫酸具有吸水性,可用于干燥![]() |
D.饱和![]() ![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
10 . 下列离子方程式书写正确的是
A.AlCl3溶液显酸性的原因:Al3++3H2O=Al(OH)3+3H+ |
B.向![]() ![]() |
C.向![]() ![]() |
D.向![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次