1 . I’m a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories.
I grew up reading British and American children’s books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate apples and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them. Things changed when I discovered African books. Because of writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye, I went through a mental shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I recognized. So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having a single story of what books are. The year I turned eight, we got a new house boy Fide from a nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor. And when I didn’t finish my dinner, my mother would say, “Finish your food! Don’t you know? People like Fide’s family have nothing.” So I felt enormous pity for Fide’s family. Then one Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket that his brother had made. I was astonished. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them.
Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of catastrophe.
Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes. But there are other stories that are not about catastrophe, and it is very important, it is just as important, to talk about them. The consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.
So what if my mother had told us that Fide’s family was poor and hardworking? What if we had an African television network that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world? What if my roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher, Muhtar Bakare, a remarkable man who left his job in a bank to follow his dream and start a publishing house? What if my roommate knew about my friend Funmi Iyanda, a fearless woman who hosts a TV show, and is determined to tell the stories that we prefer to forget?
My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit called Farafina Trust, and we have big dreams of building libraries and providing books for state schools, and also of organizing lots of workshops in reading and writing, for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.
Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories can break the dignity of a people, but stories can also repair that broken dignity. When we realize that there is never a single story about any place, we regain a kind of paradise.
1. What is probably people’s first impression of the writer when it comes to her nationality?| A．She mainly eats apples and mangoes. |
| B．She may not speak fluent English. |
| C．She comes from a place free of catastrophes. |
| D．She prefers stories based on foreign characters. |
| A．discovery of African books with characters of her skin color |
| B．acquaintance with local African writers like Chinua Achebe |
| C．realization that not only foreign characters exist in literature |
| D．change that she started to write about things she recognized |
| A．Two. | B．Three. |
| C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．matters in keeping listeners well informed |
| B．tends to convey a prejudiced idea to listeners |
| C．gets increasingly popular among story tellers |
| D．fails to produce a lasting effect on listeners |
| A．emphasize our differences rather than similarities |
| B．indicate the way that stories are used to break dignity |
| C．show the hardship of recognizing our equal humanity |
| D．stress the importance of telling diverse, balanced stories |
| A．The danger of the single story | B．The importance of telling stories |
| C．The single stories that matter | D．Stories that can repair broken dignity |
2 . From childhood, Moira loved to write. Throughout school she enjoyed writing, but pursuing it professionally was never a possibility. Her father was a doctor, her mother a nurse. “Medicine was a fairly safe choice,” Moira says, “and writing was a career where it wasn’t a certainty that you’d have high income.”
She became a doctor but still wanted to write something. However, being a doctor was so demanding that she didn’t take up writing until her thirties. She produced a novel—a fictionalized version of her travel in China after university. She got excellent reviews. Moira sent it off to as many agents as she could find, and found one who wanted to represent her. Suddenly, it seemed she was on her way as an author.
“I had one lengthy phone call with the agent where we went through all possible areas that she thought needed polishing. I worked on those and sent it back to her but didn’t hear anything.” It wasn’t long before Moira found another agent who was interested if she was willing to rewrite it from the first person to the third person. She did the hard work and sent it off again. “I got back a really brief letter: ‘Thank you, I’m no longer interested.’ It was really disappointing.”
A decade went by, and Moira found herself eager to write again, this time purely for her own enjoyment. She set herself the challenge of creating a thriller and chose Western Australia as her setting.
As she was writing just for herself, something surprising began to happen. “The characters took on a life of their own; they started doing things I hadn’t thought about. It just flew.” One day, an agent called from Australia. Three weeks later, Moira had a publication deal. Her novel, Cicada, was published in March.
“Even if it hadn’t been published I still gained so much from the process,” says Moira.
1. What do we know about Moira?| A．She was a writer. | B．She was a doctor. |
| C．She was an agent. | D．She was a nurse. |
| A．It was produced after she graduated from university. |
| B．It was published by one of the agents. |
| C．It was modified according to the agents’ requirements. |
| D．It was made into a thriller with Western Australia as the setting. |
| A．The money. | B．The setting. |
| C．The challenge. | D．The pleasure. |
| A．Succeeded. | B．Survived. |
| C．Broke. | D．Failed. |
| A．An Adventure in China | B．How to Be a Writer |
| C．Moira’s First Novel | D．A Passion for Writing |
3 . Nowadays, we live in a strict and judgmental world where people are quick to point out the faults of others yet seem to ignore their own ones. Some misguided souls believe they have a moral duty to help you be a better person telling you what a failure you really are.
If you're the one placing criticism upon others, please stop. Make a conscious decision, rather than focus on the negative aspect of a person's performance or attitudes, and you can offer helpful suggestions. If I'm painting a living room and making a mess in doing so, I'd have my husband say to me, “This is a tough job. Can I offer a suggestion that might make it easier for you?” rather than have him point out what a careless painter I am.
If you're on the receiving end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When someone comments negatively on a task you're doing, the natural response is to defend and attack.
However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the defensive. It diffuses (扩散) a potentially explosive situation. It's important to keep calm and listen without feeling, to be an objective observer. There is much that one can learn from a negative review. You can ask yourself: Could I have done better, and been more thoughtful? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? Is there any truth in what the other person says? If so, how can I improve?
In any event, one should remember the saying, “Stop judging and you will not be judged. Stop condemning and you will not be condemned.” One can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact his or her relationship with the other party. Let it go and that will be “OK”.
1. According to the author, today's people .| A．ignore the mistakes of others |
| B．focus on how to handle mistakes |
| C．like to point out the mistakes of others |
| D．have a moral duty to point out others' faults |
| A．pointing out a fault needs a skill |
| B．It's hard to avoid making mistakes |
| C．we ought to accept others' criticism |
| D．praise is more important than criticism |
| A．Paying no attention to it. |
| B．Learning something from it. |
| C．Making excuses for your mistakes. |
| D．Defending and attacking sometimes. |
| A．To comfort yourself. |
| B．To find out your potentials. |
| C．To make yourself become better. |
| D．To persuade yourself to admit your mistakes. |
| A．Is criticism really necessary? |
| B．What can you learn from criticism? |
| C．What's the best way to voice criticism? |
| D．How to criticize and reply to criticism? |
4 . When I was eight, I got my first pair of glasses. Far from being made fun of at school, the only struggle I got was endless requests to try on my new glasses. Hearing about what happened at school, my father once looked at me and asked whether I had pretended to be the blindness just to look like Harry Potter?
With my strange hair and glasses, I did nothing to avoid it, either. The Harry Potter books were the great pop cultural event of my generation, who began reading again. My school librarian, both confused and annoyed by us Potter fans, dealt with fights over the schools few old copies by setting a new rule: Harry Potter could be borrowed for only three days, instead of the whole week of borrowing period every other title was allowed.
In the 20 years since the first book arrived on shelves, publishers and parents have been asking what has made J.K. Rowling's books so loved. It is better to look at the influence they have had on their readers. Yes, the books were about a boy taking on a dark and powerful enemy in the magical world, but they were also about love defeating hate, determination and choosing" between what is easy and what is right". Rowling’s entire magical characters were all people we want to be.
I grew up with Harry and together we became children with our own opinions, teens easy to get angry and young adults thinking of everything as normal. When the final book came out in 2007.I read it for 12 hours without a break and cried as I finished it. I felt something sad: the end of Harry’s story signaled the end of my childhood. I was suddenly aimless. Meanwhile, my now Potter-mad father walked impatiently nearby, waiting for the proper moment to take the book away from his daughter.
Harry Potter did shape my generation. As a girl who grew up mostly in peacetime, many of the ideas I found in these books were ones we had never come across before. The magical world’s terrible treatment of non-human beings was the first description of slavery I knew. The treatment of Harry’s teacher Remus Lupin, who hides his condition at work, is a metaphor(比喻) for the shame surrounding those who suffer from AIDS. And all settings like this may have real-world reflections .A study found that teenage Harry Potter readers showed more tolerance (包容) towards those who were suffering. Is it possible that Jeremy Corbyn's popularity among the young had anything to do with their literary education? Is it possible that Harry Potter, in the 20 years he has been with us, has inspired a generation to be more empathetic（感同身受）， welcoming and socially open－ minded than those before it? We will see If not, at least my glasses are still cool.
1. Paragraph 1 is intended to show_____.| A．the authors sufferings caused by the glasses |
| B．the author s close relations with other students |
| C．the misunderstanding between the author and her father |
| D．the popularity of Harry Porter among students |
| A．By preventing Potter fans borrowing Harry Potter many times |
| B．By selling the Harry Porter books in the library. |
| C．By creating a new rule for Harry Potter’s borrowing period. |
| D．By buying more Harry Potter books for the library. |
| A．The book has been the most popular one among all the books for twenty years. |
| B．It is the story of revenge(复仇)in the magical world that makes the book popular. |
| C．Readers are crazy about the book because it has taught them how to love and make wise choices. |
| D．The book has had such great influence on the readers that they all want to be magical persons. |
| A．Because she suddenly found that she was too old to read Harry Potter. |
| B．Because her father was for a chance to take her book away. |
| C．Because she had no plan for what to do after her childhood ended. |
| D．Because she was too sad to know the 2007 book was the last Harry Potter book. |
| A．described | B．created |
| C．changed | D．marked |
| A．Harry Potter has great effects on the author's generation. |
| B．The characters in Harry Porter were created through great imagination. |
| C．Compared with other people, Harry Potter readers are more tolerant. |
| D．Reading Harry Potter is important for children living in peacetime. |
5 . A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It's great first for what it contains：the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sports to business，from fashion to science, and the range of comment and special feature(特写) as well，from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art theatre and music.
A newspaper is even greater for the way one reads it：never completely, never straight through，but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece，reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the text.
A good modern newspaper offers a variety(多样性) to attract many different readers, but far more than the reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality(时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it also mean that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暂的) value.
For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper：what each person does is to put together, out of the pages of that day's paper, his own selection and order, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need and without wasting time，demands skill and self-awareness as you change and apply the techniques of reading.
1. A modern newspaper is great for all the following EXCEPT its________.| A．wide variety | B．similar style |
| C．speed in reporting news | D．popularity |
| A．people look through the news they are interested in |
| B．different people prefer different newspapers |
| C．people are rarely interested in the same kind of news |
| D．people have different views about what a good newspaper is |
| A．apply reading techniques skillfully | B．jump from one newspaper to another |
| C．appreciate the variety of a newspaper | D．usually read a newspaper selectively |
| A．How to read newspaper? | B．Where to find a good newspaper? |
| C．What is a good newspaper? | D．Newspaper. |
| A．advertise | B．introduce |
| C．argue | D．compare |
6 . If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China’s Gansu Province. The 1,651-year-old Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2,000 buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It is China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their way. “The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,” she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. “Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we can’t completely stop them from being eroded. But the digital database will last.”
Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. “I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to my family, I’m full of guilt,” she said. Fan, 79, retired two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as a national political adviser.
1. Which of the following measures didn’t Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes?| A．Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively. |
| B．Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded. |
| C．Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online. |
| D．Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity. |
| A．In 1963. | B．In 1967. |
| C．In 1986. | D．In the late 1990s. |
| A．Go to a place. | B．Be in favor of something. |
| C．Reject something. | D．Give in to something. |
| A．the history of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
| B．the attractions of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
| C．Fan’s devotion to preserving Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
| D．the appeal for the protection of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. |
| A．Considerate and easy-going. | B．kind and intelligent. |
| C．Humorous and sweet-tempered. | D．Devoted and persistent. |
7 . The Fitting-in of Suzy Khan
The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often
All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who
But how could I help her
One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had
I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming
On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s
“And finally,” said Mr Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “we have a (n)
I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could draw
Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “
Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.
I
Everyone started to
| A．joked | B．cared | C．trains | D．worried |
| A．reported | B．decided | C．complained | D．questioned |
| A．rich | B．proud | C．tiny | D．popular |
| A．come | B．fall | C．fit | D．tie |
| A．manner | B．pattern | C．choice | D．way |
| A．read | B．taken | C．opened | D．put |
| A．free | B．perfect | C．final | D．extra |
| A．art | B．talk | C．quiz | D．talent |
| A．colored | B．written | C．carved | D．drawn |
| A．at | B．after | C．for | D．around |
| A．room | B．time | C．paper | D．interest |
| A．gifts | B．books | C．photos | D．posters |
| A．special | B．academic | C．national | D．royal |
| A．painted | B．found | C．printed | D．collected |
| A．very | B．that | C．quite | D．too |
| A．If | B．Though | C．Unless | D．Since |
| A．prize | B．rank | C．rest | D．place |
| A．replied | B．realized | C．remembered | D．regretted |
| A．offered | B．valued | C．owned | D．controlled |
| A．clap | B．wave | C．raise | D．shake |
8 . An introduction to this book is as superfluous as a candle in front of a powerful searchlight. But a convention of publishing seems to require that the candle should be there, and I am proud to be the one to hold it. About ten years ago I picked up from the pile of new books on my desk a copy of Sons and Lovers by a man of whom I had never heard, and I started to race through it with the immoral speed of the professional reviewer. But after a page or two I found myself reading, really reading. Here was—here is—a masterpiece in which every sentence counts, a book packed with significant thought and beautiful, arresting phrases, the work of a remarkable genius whose gifts are more richly various than those of any other young English novelist.
To appreciate the rich variety of Mr. Lawrence we must read his later novels and his volumes of poetry. But Sons and Lovers reveals the range of his power. Here are combined and blended(混合的) sort of “realism” and almost lyric(抒情的) imagery and rhythm. The speech of the people is that of daily life and the things that happen to them are normal adventures and accidents; they fall in love, marry, work, fail, succeed, and die. But of their deeper emotions and of the relations of these little human beings to the earth and to the stars, Mr. Lawrence makes something near to poetry and prose(散文) without violating its proper “other harmony.”
Take the marvellous paragraph on next to the last page of Sons and Lovers (Mr. Lawrence depends so little on plot in the ordinary sense of the word that it is perfectly fair to read the end of his book first):
Where was he? One tiny upright speck of flesh, less than an ear of wheat lost in the field. He could not bear it. On every side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a spark, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror, and holding each other in embrace, there in the darkness that outpassed them all, and left them tiny and daunted(气馁). So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a nothingness, and yet not nothing.
Such glorious writing lifts the book far above a novel which is merely a story. I beg the reader to attend to every line of it and not to miss a single one of the many sentences that await and surprise you. Some are enthusiastic and impressive, like the paragraph above; others are keen, “realistic” observations of things and people. In one of his books Mr. Lawrence makes a character say, or think, that life is “mixed.” That indicates his philosophy and his method. He blends the accurately literal and trivial(琐碎的) with the extremely poetic.
To find a similar blending of tiny daily detail and wide imaginative vision, we must go back to two older novelists, Hardy and Meredith. I do not mean that Mr. Lawrence derives(源于) immediately from them or, indeed, that he is clearly the disciple(弟子) of any master. I do feel simply that he is of the elder stature(名望) of Hardy and Meredith, and I know of no other young novelist who is quite worthy of their company. When I first tried to express this comparison, this connection, I was contradicted by a fellow-critic, who pointed out that Meredith and Hardy are entirely unlike each other and that therefore Mr. Lawrence cannot resemble both. To be sure, nothing is more hateful than forced comparisons, nothing more boring than to discover parallels between one work of art and another. An artist’s mastery consists in his difference from other masters. But to refer a young man of genius to an older one, at the same time pronouncing his independence and originality, is a fair, if not very superior, method of praising him.
1. The underlined word “superfluous” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.| A．meaningful | B．unnecessary |
| C．fundamental | D．unbelievable |
| A．They equally reveal his genius power. |
| B．They contain lots of great lyric poetry. |
| C．They present some real living situations. |
| D．They focus on relations between humans. |
| A．The plot of the novel has little to do with daily life. |
| B．It is wise to read Lawrence’s books from the end. |
| C．Lawrence is capable of telling good stories. |
| D．The language in Lawrence’s books is elegant. |
| A．They taught Lawrence literature when he was young. |
| B．They were the realistic novelists of Lawrence’s time. |
| C．They were novelists who resemble each other in writing. |
| D．They were novelists combining details with imagination. |
| A．He must have personal diversity. |
| B．He must have the critical spirits. |
| C．He must be happy to be compared. |
| D．He must be a man of genius. |
| A．To introduce Lawrence’s novel Sons and Lovers. |
| B．To show his experiences of reading classics. |
| C．To analyze Lawrence’s writing characteristics. |
| D．To compare the styles of different novelists. |
The shoes- named Square Eyes- contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day’s efforts.
The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University in London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.
Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time.
Existing pedometers (计步器) normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”
1. According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _____.
| A．keep a record of the steps of the wearer. |
| B．deal with overweight among teenagers. |
| C．enable children to resist the temptation of TV. |
| D．prevent children from being tricked by TV programs. |
| A．They regulate a child’s evening TV viewing time. |
| B．They determine a child’s daily pocket money. |
| C．They have raised the hot issue of overweight. |
| D．They contain information of the receiver. |
| A．The exact number of steps to be taken. |
| B．The precise number of hours spent on TV. |
| C．The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time. |
| D．The way of changing steps into TV watching time. |
| A．make it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat. |
| B．counts the wearer’s steps through shaking. |
| C．records the sudden movement of the wearer. |
| D．sends teenagers’ health data to the receiver. |
| A．Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time |
| B．Smart Shoes Guarantee More Exercise |
| C．Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise |
| D．Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight |
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1. All of the following hotels are close to the sea EXCEPT __________.
| A．S W France | B．The Blakeney Hotel |
| C．Willapark Manor Hotel | D．The Country Garden Hotel |
| A．The Country Garden Hotel | B．Willapark Manor Hotel |
| C．The Bay Hotel | D．Boscastle |
| A．young people | B．elderly people | C．foreign guests | D．students |
| A．warn | B．advise | C．describe | D．advertise |
