Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
1. The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage.| A．throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objective |
| B．to grow forth (向前) from the ground |
| C．to move or pass suddenly or swiftly |
| D．to injure or harm one's own interests |
| A．he cannot work at his best | B．he is forced to do things |
| C．he feels his brain shut down | D．he thinks of his work as too heavy |
| A．People tend to associate leadership with fear. |
| B．Working conditions affect people’s physical health. |
| C．Smart people are more functional in the work place. |
| D．Good relationship is the key to business success. |
| A．develop his own personality | B．provide better suggestions |
| C．give his employees a pay raise | D．hide his own emotion of fear |
| A．provide a variety of project for employees |
| B．help raise employees’ living standards |
| C．deal wisely with employees’ emotions |
| D．give employees’ specific instructions（指导） |
2 . The city of Rome has passed a new law to prevent cruelty to animals. All goldfish bowls are no longer allowed and dog owners must walk their dogs.
This comes after a national law was passed to give prison sentences to people who desert cats or dogs.
“The civilization of a city can be measured by this,” said Monica Carina, the councilor (议员) behind the new law.
“It’s good to do whatever we can for our animals who in exchange for a little love fill our existence with their attention,” she told a Rome newspaper.
The newspaper reported that round bowls don’t give enough oxygen for fish and may make them go blind.
“Rome has tried to protect fish more than anywhere else in the world. It stands out for recognizing that fish are interesting animals who deserve (值得) over respect and compassion every bit as much as dogs and cats and other animals,” said Karin Robertson, a director of the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.
Last year a law was passed in Italy that gives people who desert pets big fines (罚款) and prison sentences. Since then local governments have added their own animal protection rules.
The northern city of Turin passed a law in April to give pet owners fines of up to ＄598 if they do not walk their dogs three times a day.
The new law in Rome also says that owners mustn’t leave their dogs in hot cars or cut their dogs’ tails to make them look lovelier. The law also gives legal recognition to the “cat ladies” who feed homeless cats. The cats live all over the city from ancient ruins to modern office car parks.
1. The new law passed in Rome will ________.| A．help improve fishing environment |
| B．guarantee better conditions for goldfish |
| C．stop people from catching goldfish |
| D．discourage keeping goldfish at home |
| A．pity | B．praise | C．support | D．popularity |
| A．keep their dogs or cats in cars |
| B．feed homeless animals in car parks |
| C．raise their cats near ancient ruins |
| D．shut their dogs home all day long |
3 . 选编（十九）
A Strange Greeting, a True Feeling
Last week I was invited to a doctor’s meeting at the Ruth hospital for incurables. In one of the wards a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadn't long to
“Frank!” I cried in astonishment. He couldn’t
My
One night a policeman came and told Mrs. West that her house had been flattened by a 500-pounder. She
When that sort of thing happened, the rest of us helped the
| A．work | B．stay | C．live | D．expect |
| A．answer | B．speak | C．smile | D．laugh |
| A．covering | B．moving | C．fighting | D．pressing |
| A．minds | B．memories | C．thoughts | D．brains |
| A．better | B．dark | C．younger | D．old |
| A．cave | B．place | C．sight | D．scene |
| A．Discussing | B．Solving | C．Sharing | D．Suffering |
| A．learn from | B．talk to | C．help | D．know |
| A．needed | B．recognized | C．interested | D．encouraged |
| A．normal | B．common | C．unusual | D．quick |
| A．more | B．worse | C．fewer | D．less |
| A．word | B．speech | C．sentence | D．language |
| A．not | B．no | C．something | D．nothing |
| A．fed | B．kept | C．lived | D．depended |
| A．attention | B．control | C．treatment | D．management |
| A．lost | B．needed | C．destroyed | D．left |
| A．troublesome | B．unlucky | C．angry | D．unpopular |
| A．separated | B．went | C．reunited | D．returned |
| A．pushed | B．tried | C．showed | D．measured |
| A．nodding | B．greeting | C．meeting | D．acting |
When Stephen Guyer’s three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker,
The
Many parents are finding family stories have surprising power to help children
A university
The
| A．missed | B．lost | C．forgot | D．ignored |
| A．when | B．while | C．how | D．why |
| A．friendless | B．worthless | C．penniless | D．homeless |
| A．fetched | B．allowed | C．expected | D．took |
| A．hope | B．promise | C．suggestion | D．belief |
6.
| A．tale | B．agreement | C．arrangement | D．report |
| A．large | B．small | C．new | D．grand |
| A．surprised | B．annoyed | C．disappointed | D．worried |
| A．Therefore | B．Besides | C．Instead | D．Otherwise |
| A．talked about | B．cared about | C．wrote about | D．heard about |
| A．much | B．many | C．little | D．few |
| A．beyond | B．over | C．behind | D．through |
| A．argument | B．skill | C．interest | D．anxiety |
| A．study | B．design | C．committee | D．staff |
| A．provide | B．retell | C．support | D．refuse |
| A．trouble | B．gift | C．fact | D．trick |
| A．perform | B．write | C．hear | D．question |
| A．means | B．ends | C．begins | D．proves |
| A．needs | B．activities | C．judgments | D．habits |
| A．that | B．what | C．which | D．whom |
5 . Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.
The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.
Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.
We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!
Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!
1. What is the main idea of this passage?| A．Advertisements steal money from our pockets |
| B．The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements. |
| C．Advertisers perform a useful service to communities. |
| D．Advertisements are everywhere. |
| A．He appreciates the role of advertisements. |
| B．He doubts the effect of advertisements. |
| C．He believes what is said in advertisements. |
| D．He complains too many advertisements in daily life. |
| A．The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature. |
| B．The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. |
| C．A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it. |
| D．Advertisement makes our life colorful. |
( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)
A． | B． | C． | D． |
6 . Across the United States, there are several places where two independent towns grew together to become one city ---- but kept both their names.
Winston-Salem is one of them. It’s a mid-sized city in what’s called the plateau（high land）, between the Atlantic Coast and the inland mountains in the state of North Carolina. The Winston part is a relatively new place, founded early this century. It’s home to the nation’s biggest open-air tobacco market.
The giant R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company’s headquarters is in Winston-Salem, and Winston is the name of one of Reynolds’ best-known cigarette brands. Fast-growing Winston soon surrounded the much older town of Salem, so in 1913, people in the area voted to combine them into a single place.
From a historical and tourist point of view, Salem, or Old Salem, as it’s called today, is the interesting and unusual part of town.
Salem was founded in the 1700s by the Moravians. They spoke German, and their community was religiously based, with single men and single women living apart in separate dormitories. The Moravians greatly valued women’s work and brainpower. In fact, one of the nation’s oldest boarding schools for young women— the Moravians’ Salem Academy founded in 1772 — is still in operation.
Over the years, Salem lost its Moravian character. That all changed, though, when a nonprofit group began to rehabilitate the historic area. These days Old Salem is what’s called a living history museum, with exhibits, music, and tours of 18th-century houses, taverns and Moravian dormitory buildings just seven blocks from the tallest skyscraper in Winston-Salem.
The historic community is booming again. Just as R. J. Reynolds is taking in millions of dollars making cigarettes across town, Old Salem is generating about $ 115 million a year in tourism revenue and donations.
1. From the passage we can know that____________.| A．Winston-Salem is the name of a city |
| B．Salem is home to the tobacco market |
| C．the city Winston-Salem has two names |
| D．Old Salem is the name of a tobacco brand |
| A．the two cities benefited each other |
| B．Salem developed faster than Winston |
| C．R.J. Reynolds Company has moved into Salem |
| D．the combination meets the wishes of the people |
| A．boarding school | B．lifestyle and tradition |
| C．respect for brainpower | D．religious belief |
| A．reconstruct | B．evaluate | C．enlarge | D．decorate |
| A．Some other attractions in Winston-Salem. |
| B．How Winston makes profits from tourism. |
| C．Other examples of cities combined by two parts. |
| D．Something about the boarding school for women. |
7 . I recently turned fifty, which is young for a tree, midlife for an elephant, and ancient for a sportsman. Fifty is a nice number for the states in the US or for a national speed limit but it is not a number that I was prepared to have hung on me. Fifty is supposed to be my father’s age, but now I am stuck with this number and everything it means.
A few days ago, a friend tried to cheer me up by saying, “Fifty is what forty used to be.” He had made an inspirational point, Am I over the hill? People keep telling me that the hill has been moved, and I keep telling them that he high-jump bar has dropped from the six feet I once easily cleared to the four feet that is impossible for me now.
“Your are not getting older, you are getting better.” says Dr. Joyce Brothers. This, however, is the kind of doctor who inspires a second opinion.
And so as I approach the day when I cannot even jump over the tennis net. I am moves to share some thoughts on aging with you. I am moved to show how aging feels to me physically and mentally. Getting older. of course, is obviously a better change than the one that brings you eulogies (悼词). In fact, a poet named Robert Browning considered it the best change of all:
Grow old along with me!
The best is yet to me.
Whether or not Browning was right, most of my first fifty years have been golden ones, so I will settle for what is ahead being as good as what has gone by. I find myself moving toward what is ahead with a curious blend (混合) of both fighting and accepting my aging, hoping that the philosopher (哲学家) was right when he said, “Old is always fifteen years from now.”
1. The author seems to tell us in Paragraph 1 that ________.| A．time alone will tell | B．time goes by quickly |
| C．time will show what is right | D．time makes one forget the past |
| A．tried to comfort him | B．got inspiration with him |
| C．were friendlier with him | D．found him more talkative |
| A．peaceful | B．ordinary | C．satisfactory | D．regretful |
| A．the old should led a simple life | B．the old should face the fact of aging |
| C．the old should take more exercise | D．the old should fill themselves with curiosity |
8 . Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own.My mom was one of those people.
My father died when I was nine months old,making my mom a single mother at the age of eighteen.While I was growing up,we lived a very hard life.We had little money,but my mom gave me a lot of love.Each night,she sat me on her lap and spoke the words that would change my life,“Kemmons,you are certain to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.”
At fourteen,I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again.Every day,my mother spoke to me in her gentle,loving voice,telling me that no matter what those doctors said,I could walk again if I wanted to badly enough.She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her.A year later,I returned to school—walking on my own!
When the Great Depression(大萧条)hit,my mom lost her job.Then I left school to support the both of us.At that moment,I was determined never to be poor again.
Over the years,I experienced various levels of business success.But the real turning point occurred on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951.I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was angry that they charged an extra $2 for each child.That was too expensive for the average American family.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel(汽车旅馆)for families that would never charge extra for children.There were plenty of doubters at that time.
Not surprisingly,mom was one of my strongest supporters.She worked behind the desk and even designed the room style.As in any business,we experienced a lot of challenges.But with my mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul,I never doubted we would succeed.Fifteen years later,we had the largest hotel system in the world—Holiday Inn.In 1979 my company had 1759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $1 billion a year.
You may not have started out life in the best situations.But if you can find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself,nothing can stop you.
1. What Kemmons’ mom often told him during his childhood was_______.| A．caring | B．moving |
| C．encouraging | D．interesting |
| A．Doctors. | B．Nurses. | C．Friends. | D．Mom. |
| A．His terrible experience in the hotel. |
| B．His previous business success of various levels. |
| C．His mom’s support. |
| D．His wife’s suggestion. |
| A．Modest,helpful and hard-working. |
| B．Loving,supportive and strong-willed. |
| C．Careful,helpful and beautiful. |
| D．Strict,sensitive and supportive. |
| A．Self-confidence,hard work,higher-education and a poor family. |
| B．Mom’s encouragement,clear goals,self-confidence and hard work. |
| C．Clear goals,mom’s encouragement,a poor family and higher education. |
| D．Mom’s encouragement,a poor family,higher education and opportunities. |
I needed to get some money so, after Christmas, I took a job in the clothes department at Graham’s for the first fortnight of the January sale. I can’t say that I enjoyed it, but it was an experience I’ll never forget.
I could never understand why there were so many things in the sales; where did they all come from? Now I know the secret! Firstly, there is the special winter stock (货物) and the stock that people buy all the year round; some of these things are slightly reduced. Secondly, there are the summer clothes they couldn’t sell last year; these are heavily reduced to clear them. Thirdly, there are cheap clothes bought in specially for the sales; these are put out at high prices ten days before the sale begins and then are reduced by 60% in the sale. Clever! Lastly, they buy in “seconds? (clothes not in perfect condition) for the sale and they are sold very cheaply.
When I arrived half an hour before opening on the first day of the sale, there was already a queue around three sides of the building. This made me very nervous.
When the big moment arrived to open the doors, the security guards, looking less confident than usual, came up to them, keys in hand. The moment they had unlocked the doors, they hid behind the doors for protection as the noisy crowd charged in. I couldn’t believe my eyes; this wasn’t shopping, it was a battlefield! One poor lady couldn’t keep her feet and was knocked over by people pushing from behind.
Clothes were flying in all directions as people searched for the sizes, colours and styles they wanted. Quarrels broke out. Mothers were using their small children to crawl(爬行) through people’s legs and get hold of things they couldn’t get near themselves.
Within minutes I had half a dozen people pushing clothes under my nose, each wanting to be the first served. Where had the famous English Queue gone? The whole day continued like that, but I kept my temper(脾气)! I was taking money hand over fist and began to realize why, twice a year, Graham’s were happy to turn their expensive store into a battlefield like this.
In the sale fever, people were spending money like water without thinking whether they needed what they were buying. As long as it was a bargain it was OK.
You won’t believe this but as soon as I got home I crashed out for four hours. Then I had dinner and went back to bed, fearing the sound of the alarm which would tell me to get ready for the second day of the sale.
1. What kind of clothes is likely to be sold 5% cheaper?
| A．Last summer’s clothes. | B．Clothes not in perfect condition. |
| C．Clothes bought in specially for the sales. | D．Clothes for winter. |
| A．The customers gave up the queuing for which the English are famous. |
| B．The customers kept their temper while looking for clothes they wanted. |
| C．Small children enjoyed crawling through people’s legs. |
| D．The security guards were fearless of the crowd. |
| A．There were too many clothes and they wanted to clear them in the sales. |
| B．They were eager to show that they were clever at doing business. |
| C．They could take the chance to raise the prices of all their clothes. |
| D．They wanted to make more money by having sales. |
| A．chatted with her friends | B．slept soundly |
| C．broke down | D．dined out |
| A．The Best Bargain. | B．Hunting for a job. |
| C．Sale Fever. | D．A Pleasant Fortnight. |
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son ,with other motorheads,fixed the car. They got parts(零件）from ajunkyard, and ability from vo-tech classes. The lost was $25 instead of $80.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
1. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
| A．To avoid becoming his clone. |
| B．To resemble him in appearance. |
| C．To develop in a different direction. |
| D．To reach the author’s unachieved goals. |
| A．His daughter does better in school. |
| B．His daughter has got a master’s degree. |
| C．His son tried hard to finish homework. |
| D．His son couldn’t write his book reports. |
| A．His son had the ability to fix it. |
| B．it would save him much time. |
| C．it wouldn’t cause him any more loss |
| D．other motorheads would come to help. |
| A．tidy and hardworking | B．cheerful and smart |
| C．lazy but bright | D．relaxed but rude |
| A．It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path. |
| B．It is important for one to make the honor roll. |
| C．Architects play a more important role than builders. |
| D．Motorheads have greater ability than office workers. |
