1 . 近些年来，随着网络的普及，越来越多的学生的书写能力明显退步了。为了改变这种现象，保护传统民族文化——汉字，你校学生会提出倡议。
1. 目的；
2. 建议。
请你根据以上内容，代表学生会写一封英文倡议书。
注意：
1. 词数为80词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
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Students’ Union

2 . 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everywhere we look, we see advertisements that urge us to buy. Most people only buy    1    they need and can afford. However, there are some people,     2     (call) shopaholics, who can’t control their desire to spend money and buy things. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to large financial problems, family conflict and deep unhappiness.

Shopaholics often spend hours and hours    3     (shop)on the Internet or at the mall. Although their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn and their homes may    4     (pack) with shopping bags and boxes that they bought but never used, many shopaholics    5     (simple) can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed    6    their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic, where others won’t see them.

There are several reasons for shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For    7    ,shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom.     8    shopping can temporarily make people feel good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later. When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor (顾问)     9    join an organization,     10    goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.

3 . Phineas T. Barnum is the best-known circus business owner of the nineteenth century. He excelled as a showman, and throughout his career in the entertainment business, he promoted many different forms of attractions.

Barnum’s first job was as a newspaper owner. He also worked as a writer and publisher. His lasting fame, however, is as a showman. Barnum considered this to be his main talent and he never changed this view of his character.

Barnum’s entertainment interests covered museums, traveling dance troupes, and even the mid-century US tour by Jenny Lind, the Swedish singer. He was, by nature, a risk-taker, and usually gained success from the most unlikely businesses.

Barnum was willing to adopt any manoeuvre that publicized his businesses. His American Museum in New York included hoaxes and freaks (恶作剧和怪物), both human and animal. This was not unusual by the standards of the time, but even he felt the need to prove his hoaxes fair, as advertising tricks.

Barnum’s unbounded self-confidence meant he never doubted his ability to make a success of any business. He opened America’s first aquarium (水族馆) and opened a theater in New York that was the largest and most modern in the city. He aimed to change the public knowledge of theaters, and in this, he largely succeeded. He made theater-going respectable.

Determination and hard work featured majorly in the qualities that Barnum displayed, and he frequently spoke about the necessity of both. He believed success only came to those who worked for it and knew they had the self-determination necessary. He also stated the necessity of understanding the business that a person was running. Knowledge and experience counted much in Barnum’s life, and he certainly knew the entertainment business.

Success in life, according to Barnum, could only be achieved when a person is in good health. He advised that getting healthy and maintaining a healthy body and mind would lead to happiness as well as success.

1. What does the underlined word “manoeuvre” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Policy.	B．Strategy.
C．Advice.	D．Attitude.

2. Why does the author mention Barnum’s success in opening the aquarium and theater?

A．To show Barnum’s firm belief in his own capability.

B．To tell us chances are important for any business.

C．To explain what kind of business was successful.

D．To indicate how bad people’s life was at that time.

3. What did people think of theater-going in the past?

A．It was respectable.

B．It was not highly thought of.

C．It was a common practice.

D．It was a way to acquire knowledge.

4. Which of the following words can best describe Barnum and his business?

A．Suspicious.	B．Adventurous.
C．Unsteady.	D．Outstanding.

4 . Art museums are full of centuries-old paintings with details of plants that today give us clues about evolution and breeding.

Exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, The Harvesters created in 1565 shows farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see that w heat is about knee height. The short wheat is essentially a consequence of breeding from the second half of the 20th century,” said biologist Ive De Smet.

According to De Smet, wheat is just one example of how historical artworks can allow us to track the transformation of crops over time. He has teamed up with art historian David Vergau wen to seek similar kinds of artworks around the world.

As friends since childhood, their interest in plants in artworks began with a visit to a museum in Russia, where they noticed an old-looking watermelon in an early-7th-century painting. A watermelon is usually believed to be red on the inside. However, that one appeared to be pale and white. De Smet assured the painter had done a poor job. But Verguawen had a different idea. “This is one of the best painters ever in that era. So, if he painted it like that, that’s the way it must have looked like.”

Other paintings revealed that there were both red and white watermelons grown in the 17th century. The chemical compound that makes watermelons red is lycopene (番茄红素). “There must have been some sort of mutation (突变) preventing the accumulation of that color. Now, with all the genetic knowledge that we have of various plant species, we can look in more de tail at how something comes about.”

De Smet and Verguawen hope to create an online research database of historical plant artworks. They call for contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media. But they caution, the source paintings need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso’s paintings to try and understand what a pear looked like in the early 20th century, you might be misled.” Instead, such an attempt could be fruitless.

1. What can we infer about wheat from Paragraph 2?

A．It became shorter and shorter as it evolved.

B．It was about knee height in the 16th century.

C．It might have had no short varieties before the 1950s.

D．It showed different heights as farmers’ heights changed.

2. What aroused De Smet and Verguswen’s interest in historical plant artworks?

A．Their lifelong friendship.	B．A white watermelon in a painting.
C．Their professional background.	D．An argument over the best painters.

3. Why is Picasso mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To give an example of historical plant artwork.

B．To showcase the contributions of art enthusiasts.

C．To describe the appearance of a pear in the early 20th century.

D．To emphasize the significance of using realistic source paintings.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Plant evolution progresses throughout history.

B．Old art provides fascinating insights into agriculture.

C．Ancient art demonstrates the presence of white watermelons.

D．Plants serve as a popular subject in numerous historical artworks.

5 . The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW car, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits. “Our end goal is to create a more sustainable future,” said Jens Lahaije, finance manager for TU/ecomotive, the Eindhoven University of Technology student team that created the car. Called ZEM, for zero emission mobility, the two-seater houses a Cleantron lithium-ion battery (锂电池) pack, and most of its parts are 3D-printed from recycled plastics, Lahaije said. The target is to minimize carbon dioxide emitted during the car’s full lifespan, from manufacturing to recycling, he added.

Battery electric vehicles emit virtually no CO₂ during operation compared with combustion-engine (燃烧式发动机) vehicles, but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity (相同)” with comparable fossil-fueled models.

“Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO₂ into a filter (过滤器). We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car. The idea is very simple: while driving, air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO₂ will be captured and stored.” ZEM uses two filters that can capture up to 2 kilograms (4.41 lb) of CO₂ over 20,000 miles of driving, the Eindhoven team estimated. They imagine a future when filters can be emptied at charging stations, based on the fact that there are a nationwide charging infrastructure, which includes residential, commercial and public chargers across the country installed by the Energy Department, automakers and private businesses.

The students are showing their vehicle on a US promotional tour to universities and companies from the East Coast to Silicon Valley, hoping to attract more financial support.

It is hard to tell where the future will take the electric vehicles, but it is clear that they hold a lot of potential for creating a more sustainable future. In the end, only time will tell what road electric vehicles will take in the future.

1. What advantage does the newly-designed car have?

A．It looks like a BMW car.	B．It is a drive-less car.
C．It’s a carbon-eating electric vehicle.	D．It purifies air automatically.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The function of filters.	B．The benefits of direct air capture.
C．The application prospect of the technology.	D．The operating principle of the technology.

3. What problem do the student team face according to the passage?

A．Lack of research fund.	B．Unpredictable application prospect.
C．No permission from the government.	D．Strong objection from the car companies.

4. What is Jens Lahaije’s attitude toward the future of the sporty all-electric car?

A．Doubtful.

B．Confident.

C．Concerned.

D．Pessimistic.

10 . 假定你是学生会主席。为积极响应节能号召，共建绿色家园，请用英语写一封以“节约用电，珍惜能源”为主题的倡议书，内容包括：
1. 节约用电的意义；
2. 日常节电的措施。
注意:
1.词数80左右。
2.开头结尾已给出, 不记入词数。可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear friends,

I’m LiHua,

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        Thank you!