6 . A new app promises to help Barcelona residents find the shadiest route between two places to avoid extreme heat.

Users can choose the most direct route, a shady route that may take a little longer, or they can set the app to a special mode, which avoids direct sunlight at all costs. Users can also use the app to find drinking fountains, or places to shelter from the sun.

The app uses a tool called Lidar to create high-resolution models of ground, accurate to within 10 cm. This information is combined with data on the sun’s path to work out where is in shade at any given time of the day.

Barcelona is looking to use green spaces and trees as part of its efforts to relieve the effects of global heating. The city’s 20-year tree planting plan aims to increase the proportion of land covered by trees from 25% to 30%.

Heatwaves kill more people than any other climate risk. According to C40,a climate leadership group made up of 97 cities around the world, extreme heat events in cities can lead to a 14% increase in death rates, as well as lower workforce productivity and damage infrastructure (基础设施) such as roads and rail lines.

Jon Burke, who was responsible for a massive expansion of tree planting in the district, said. “I think we should view this particular kind of app as a temporary measure to reduce the impacts of extreme heat... while cities rapidly invest in urban canopy (树冠层) cover and broader green infrastructure.”

8 . Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases in the length of the runs.    1    ,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.If they still feel good,you can begin running in them.As always,you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. 

During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer each day.    2    ,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.With each day,increase the distance by a half mile.After two weeks,start timing yourself.    3    .Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

9 . There are many people in the world now. There will be even _______people later this century. The earth will be crowded and there will be very little room _______each person. Maybe there will be only_______room on the earth in 600 years. That will be a very serious problem, so man is taking some_______to solve the _______

The moon is the satellite of the earth. Maybe man will go to live on the moon one day. ___________ , Americans and Chinese have_______there. But there is no air, no plants, and no life. So___________are doing experiments(实验)in many ways. They _______find a solution to these problems________man can live on the moon. I’m sure our dream will come true by the end of this century.

10 . Lifeart is a student-run organization which was _______ by one of my best friends at my school in Boston, US. It sells _______ by our friends and classmates and raises money for cancer (癌症) research. To collect more money, we set out onto the streets of Boston to sell our painting to the public last spring.

We came to the subway station in order that we could get more _______. Things didn’t go well at first. It was _______ that day, so our paintings kept being blown away. All of us were quite_______ and were slow to ask people if they would consider buying our paintings. We were also worried about being driven away.

One of our girls, Luna, tried to talk to our first customer. Although he did not buy anything, it gave some _______ to the rest of us. With every new customer Luna brought to our little stand (货摊), we had more courage. I also stepped forward and talked to a Korean woman _______. I felt a bit embarrassed when she said that she didn’t have time. But thanks to this short conversation with the stranger, my courage _______. I kept talking to more people, including some Chinese people. At the _______ of the day, we sold about 20 pieces of paintings. It might not be as much as we had expected, __________ the courage that we got made up for the day’s shortcomings (不足).