1 . How to be a good neighbour
Do you know your neighbors? Like really know them? Their Orel names, the types of cars they drive, what holidays they celebrate?
According to a 2021Pevv Research study, roughly a quarter of adults under 30 report that they don’t know any of their neighbors.
Get to know your neighbors.
It may seem obvious, but getting to know your neighbors is the first step to becoming a kind neighbor.
It can feel so easy to just go home, close your door and turn on the TV without having to make small talk, but connecting with others is worth the effort. And if you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward ——making even more people feel good.
Make small kind gestures a daily practice.
Another way to take care of your neighborhood is by making small acts of kindness a daily practice. Use the skills and resources available to you —maybe you aren’t a baker，but you have an amazing garden. You can ask your partner or kids to help you pick flowers from your garden to give your new neighbor a bouquet.
Check your implicit bias (偏见).
Actions speak louder than words, and your attitudes towards marginalized and vulnerable people also set an example for your kids. So be mindful of the different people in your community and actively remind yourself to treat everyone with respect and care.
| A．Remember, every small gesture counts. |
| B．Meet and engage with different people. |
| C．Remind yourself that being connected feels good. |
| D．Building a caring community is a valuable way to stay connected to the place you live. |
| E．It doesn’t take a lot of money or a grand gesture to be an active neighbor. |
| F．Looking out for your neighbors is an important part of being in a community. |
| G．Get out of your comfort zone and try to learn their names and what they do for work. |
2 . Building Your Children’s Social Skills
Parents should help build their children’s social skills, which will affect their relationships now and in the future. To start with, tell them that learning social skills is as important as mastering a language or riding a bicycle.
1. Set an example
2. Encourage sharing and taking turns
The foundation to almost all pre-school relationships is sharing and taking turns.
3. Practice social skills
Practice social skills with your child through interaction.
4. Give them opportunities to play
5.
Guide your child how to deal with an issue as a response to problems with social skills. When your child reports a problem with another child to you, ask questions about possible reasons for the other child’s behavior. By understanding why a peer acts in a certain way, your child can come up with ways to respond.
| A．Teach problem solving |
| B．Communicate with others |
| C．Model the ways you want to see your child behaving. |
| D．Encourage your child to share and take turns whenever possible. |
| E．This is the best way to let a child know what your expectations are. |
| F．Provide a reward by playing a game when your child behaves well. |
| G．Provide chances for your child to play with other children from an early age. |
3 . A remarkable study from 1976 gives us some insight into how and why relationships with our neighbors can be so good for us. Surprisingly to scientists at that time, results showed that contact with family members — even one's own children — had little impact on feelings of well-being or willpower. Meanwhile, friendships, especially those with neighbors, predicted lower levels of loneliness and worry, higher levels of feelings of usefulness and self-perceived respect within the community.
The study suggests that acquaintance and friendship with neighbors are more effective at increasing well-being since they are based on nearness, common interests and lifestyle choices. The neighborhood relationships are also developed voluntarily. Family ties, on the other hand, are often characterized by a sense of responsibility, physical distance, and personal disharmony. Later studies confirm the importance of close friendships for people over 65, highlighting the particular importance of frequent contact.
More recent studies show that neighborly support is associated with better well-being for individuals in mid-to-late life. Data regarding neighborly relationships and general well-being from 1,071 adults aged 40-70 from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the US was collected in 1995, and again from the same individuals in 2005.
The study found that those who had low contact with neighbors at the time of both samples, as well as those who experienced a reduction in contact with neighbors over the years, experienced downward trends in well-being, as indicated by feelings of sadness, nervousness, restlessness, hopelessness and worthlessness.
It is crucial to note here the difference between friendship and neighboring or relationships with neighbors. While friendships are based on common affection, neighboring, at its core is an instrumental relationship that is catalyzed (催化) by nearness. But, it doesn't have to be this way. Where neighbors are also close friends, the potential benefits are clear. While both friendship and neighboring are beneficial to well-being, they are most effective when the types of support and assistance from both coincide(同时发生).
1. What does the study find?| A．The friendships between neighbors can last forever. |
| B．People value neighbors more than family members. |
| C．Neighbors influence people as much as their own children do. |
| D．Neighbors are more influential to people than family members. |
| A．By analyzing data. | B．By giving instructions. |
| C．By making comparisons. | D．By following the order of time. |
| A．Nearness. | B．Responsibility. |
| C．Physical distance. | D．A common life goal. |
| A．The conflicts between relatives and neighbors are easy to occur. |
| B．The neighborhood relationships are formed under compulsion. |
| C．A close neighbor is better than a brother far off. |
| D．Contact with family members is indifferent. |
4 . False Memories or Parallel (平行的) Realities?
Here is a common situation: You’re talking with someone about an event, only to discover that you both remember things quite differently. Usually, you’d put it down to a poor memory, but what if it wasn’t just one person who remembered things differently? What if it was millions?
In fact, this isn’t a “what if” situation. It’s known as the Mandela Effect, and it was first noticed in 2009 by paranormal researcher Fiona Broome. Broome was chatting with people about the South African activist Nelson Mandela, and she commented how sad it was that he had died in prison in the 1980s.
Broome was so shocked at this that she started an investigation.
More likely, however, is that the Mandela Effect has to do with how our brains store information.
All things considered, if you’re stuck arguing with someone about whose version of events is correct, it may indeed be easier to agree that neither of you is wrong. You just come from different realities.
| A．Before we explain let’s look at an example. |
| B．It turns out she wasn’t the only one who’d experienced this. |
| C．If several people make these memory errors, the false memory gets stronger socially. |
| D．The story of Nelson Mandela is not the only example of this type of false group memory. |
| E．Some claim the Mandela Effect happens because we live in one of many parallel realities. |
| F．Many in her group agreed, while others mentioned that Nelson Mandela had not died in prison. |
| G．As more incidents of the Mandela effect continue to occur, perhaps more research into the origins will tell us the causes. |
5 . Acts of kindness are wonderful in so many ways. They
Farmer posted how he'd gone to work after the quarantine(隔离)was lifted and had forgotten his work pass.
The London worker thought he'd never
With the lock undone, Muneeb told Farmer how he'd
As Farmer quite
| A．introduce | B．challenge | C．teach | D．benefit |
| A．selfish | B．honest | C．kind | D．shy |
| A．books | B．news | C．magazines | D．requirements |
| A．case | B．advice | C．chance | D．change |
| A．left out | B．turned down | C．happened to | D．accounted for |
| A．By accident | B．As a result | C．At last | D．In return |
| A．bike | B．office | C．lock | D．key |
| A．dirty | B．ugly | C．complete | D．missing |
| A．send | B．fix | C．buy | D．see |
| A．lights | B．computers | C．cameras | D．phones |
| A．beautiful | B．broken | C．cheap | D．new |
| A．owner | B．worker | C．policeman | D．thief |
| A．greeting | B．kiss | C．smile | D．sigh |
| A．imagined | B．appreciated | C．enjoyed | D．spotted |
| A．assessing | B．stealing | C．watching | D．polishing |
| A．safe | B．dangerous | C．remote | D．crowded |
| A．ran | B．waited | C．apologized | D．escaped |
| A．sold | B．donated | C．returned | D．thrown |
| A．curiously | B．unwillingly | C．casually | D．rightly |
| A．credit | B．risk | C．shame | D．secret |
6 . A new study, published in The Journal of Experimental Psychology found that communication interactions that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social bonds than communication through typing, like text messaging or email.
In the study, researchers used various experiments to gauge connectedness. In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. However, people who participated in the experiment reported that they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone versus email, and they did not feel more awkward.
In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connected by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication — whether video or audio only — made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated via text.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience, as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can "correspond information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person."
Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message. Each party is more present, and therefore, able to gauge the meaning behind the content without ruminating on the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation.
1. What is the purpose of the study?| A．To encourage people to let their fingers do the talking. |
| B．To introduce the effects of verbal and non-verbal communications. |
| C．To demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of making phone calls. |
| D．To compare connectedness of communication through voice and typing. |
| A．Typing a letter. | B．Sending an email. |
| C．Having a video chat. | D．Texting a message. |
| A．A way to talk about controlled topics. | B．A way to communicate without time limit. |
| C．A way to explain something without delay. | D．A way to express thoughts without being disturbed. |
| A．Being more formal. | B．Being less awkward. |
| C．Being more straightforward. | D．Being less expensive |
7 . It was a winter night and I was in a foreign country.Though I knew everything here well, I might still
I took a midnight
One of the controllers
Actually, I found it very
| A．wish. | B．enjoy | C．need | D．persuade |
| A．schedules | B．luggage | C．difficulties | D．emergencies |
| A．bus | B．train | C．car | D．plane |
| A．fall asleep | B．fold in | C．pass away | D．wake up |
| A．closed | B．opened | C．hurt | D．harmed |
| A．town | B．hospital | C．school | D．station |
| A．fix up | B．get off | C．pull away | D．turn over |
| A．village | B．town | C．city | D．country |
| A．dangerous | B．crazy | C．useful | D．important |
| A．living | B．standing | C．knowing | D．helping |
| A．bitter | B．calm | C．alone | D．delighted |
| A．room | B．car | C．house | D．office |
| A．freezing | B．cool | C．wet | D．warm |
| A．watch | B．respect | C．thank | D．trust |
| A．entered | B．went | C．passed | D．jumped |
| A．offered | B．started | C．gave | D．paid |
| A．positive | B．negative | C．unforgettable | D．sad |
| A．annoying | B．beautiful | C．disturbing | D．nice |
| A．cycled | B．suspected | C．drove | D．changed |
| A．forgotten | B．visited | C．reminded | D．remembered |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’m glad to have received your letter, showing that you long with more information about China. In my opinion, you can choose to work in China after graduation.
For one reason, over the past 30 years, China had developed into a powerful country, that quantities of job opportunities are offered to the young. What’s more, how you are studying is bad needed in China nowadays. In facts, many big companies are hoping to employ people like you.
For another reason, China is a country with very different cultures and traditions from the West that a plenty of foreigners enjoy living and working here. I’m sure you’ll adapt the environment soon. Unless you come, I will do whatever I can to help you. So what are you waiting for?
9 . The 64-year-old Mahendra, the Secretary at People for Animals (PFA), talks about his disabled and wounded dogs like a father talks about his children—with the same love, affection and warmth. It was this love that led him to establish India's first shelter home for dogs living with disabilities.
It all started in 1998. While taking a midnight walk, Mahendra came across a very weak dog on the street, whose bones were visible under its skin. Mahendra decided to feed it and for the next couple of days it became the centre of his life, until the night when he found it dead.
After that, Mahendra started providing treatment to all wounded and sick dogs he came across. Some time later, someone told Mahendra about PFA, India's largest animal welfare organization, chaired by Mrs Maneka Gandhi. Mahendra contacted her and she was impressed by the work he was doing. Mrs Gandhi asked him to start a PFA chapter in Ahmedbad.
Thus, in 2004, he started the shelter. It took a long time for Mehendra to find the land where the shelter could be set up. Finally, Ramesh Bhai Patel, a native farmer from a village named Jundal, agreed to give his land for nothing. Along with a team of four doctors and many volunteers, the shelter now has 25 dogs that were unable to walk at all when they were brought in. Today, they' re slowly healing. Dogs that have healed with proper treatment are sent back to where they came from if the environment there is safe. However, the shelter will be home to the blind dogs for all their lives, says Mahendra.
The shelter runs on money coming from Mahendra's own pension of Rs. 45,000. There have been some financial crunches now and then, but Mahendra is determined that no matter what challenge comes their way, they' ll fight through.
1. What made Mahendra decide to do something for disabled and sick dogs?| A．His contact with PFA. | B．The encouragement of Gandhi. |
| C．A walk with a sick dog of Gandhi. | D．The death of a homeless sick dog. |
| A．He secured government funds. |
| B．He got a land from a local farmer for free. |
| C．He learned medical knowledge from doctors. |
| D．He met with much difficulty in finding volunteers. |
| A．Advantages. | B．Crisis. |
| C．Services. | D．Details. |
| A．Kind-hearted. | B．Humorous. |
| C．Open-minded. | D．Modest. |
10 . Video chat is now the go-to outlet for many social distancers longing for social interaction. But having a successful fete isn't only a question of hopping on camera with friends and kicking off. Social grace is a big part of a successful virtual party — and etiquette doesn't go out the door just because you're in your pajamas in front of a camera.
Introduce everyone to the group
Gone are the days during which you can introduce yourself to new people at your leisure. Instead, the second you click 'Join Meeting', you're pushed in front of potentially dozens of faces staring straight at you.
This is particularly problematic if not everyone on the call knows each other — Zoom itself recommends short ice-breaking sessions for everyone to introduce themselves on meetings.
"I like to use the wait room," says Tamiko Zablith, founder of Minding Manners International. "For security reasons, it means outsiders don't come crashing into your meeting. But also, you can let people come in one at a time, and then you can take that time to introduce them to the group as well."
Learn the art of the pause
Another wildly confusing thing about Zoom parties: everyone has to talk one at a time. There's no chance for small groups to organically form, for joking talk to fill a room, or for guests to talk at the same time. The whole group, no matter how large, can only listen to one person at a time.
That's why putting pauses in your speech is critical, especially since low internet speeds or weird audio may mean it's easy for someone to talk over someone else, drowning out what they have to say to the group.
"If the internet is a bit unreliable, you have those unstable signals. If I keep rambling, and the other person starts, there's that delay," says Zablith. "Work those pauses into your conversation."
Know when to change backgrounds
Using Zoom's backgrounds can actually be a courtesy to eliminate distractions behind you.
Hiding those dirty dishes or pizza boxes, or obscuring other members of the household coming and going, eliminates distractions and makes the other people feel like they're getting your full attention.
"Wouldn't it be better if that distraction just wasn't there?" Zablith says, pointing to the advantage of virtual backgrounds being able to hide anything unsightly behind you. For others, virtual backgrounds also provide a sense of comfort or normalcy to the audience.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is considered impolite?| A．To introduce everyone individually to the group. |
| B．To use virtual backgrounds to avoid distraction. |
| C．To put several pauses in your online speech. |
| D．To keep silent when joining in the meeting. |
| A．Internet speed matters little in Zoom parties |
| B．the wait room makes it easy to introduce everybody |
| C．for some, real room background has a comforting effect |
| D．pauses in speaker's conversation may delay the conference |
| A．To attract more people to use Zoom. |
| B．To explain how to maintain social manners. |
| C．To offer guidance on Zoom social etiquette. |
| D．To compare online meetings with offline ones. |
