1 . IV. Summary Writing

Take Care of Your Spine (脊柱)

The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Therefore, it’s important to take care of it.

Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn’t comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day.

Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions. Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine.

Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement (补充物). Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.

2 . Who is the girl talking to?

A．A dentist.

B．A policeman.

C．A salesman.

3 . A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won’t feel any immediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time it’s important that you take note of how long you have your legs crossed for. You shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but it’s not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

1. What can be learned from the text?

A．We will feel blood pressure increased immediately after crossing legs.

B．It’s easy for us to keep correct posture all day.

C．The pelvic bone can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

D．Your legs will get pain with legs crossed for long periods of time.

2. Crossing your legs may cause some health problems except___________.

A．Causing the pain of neck and back.

B．Increasing the blood pressure.

C．Leading to the pain of feet and legs.

D．Resulting in the disability of arms.

3. What is suggested according to the text?

A．Do not often cross your legs while sitting.

B．Cross your legs for more than 15 minutes every day.

C．Get up and walk around at least once every other hour.

D．Cross your legs to lower your blood pressure.

4 . Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason is that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate and increase your blood pressure. Thus, you shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat on the floor. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get painful. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other, it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring showed that          .

A．crossing your legs can raise your blood pressure

B．crossing one leg over the other can increase the blood circulation

C．you should have your legs crossed once every hour

D．you should get up and walk around for more than 15 minutes

2. Crossing your legs can cause some health problems except          .

A．pressure on veins and nerves in legs and feet

B．permanent nerve damage

C．unstable posture

D．neck and back pain

3. What seems to be the writer’s attitude toward crossing legs?

A．Supportive.	B．Negative.
C．Casual.	D．Confused.

5 . Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don’t even notice that they’re doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won’t feel any immediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time it’s important that you take note of how long you have your legs crossed for. You shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but it’s not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. Crossing legs when sitting may cause the following except______.

A．blood pressure increase	B．neck and back pain
C．temporary nerve damage	D．numbness in the legs

2. Which of the following is true?

A．All people are used to sitting with legs crossed without their own notice.

B．Researchers are unaware of health problems caused by the common sitting habit.

C．It is crucial but impossible to get into the habit of sitting with feet planted flat.

D．Crossing legs increases resistance of blood circulation throughout the body.

3. After reading this passage, what will people be more likely to do?

A．Maintain a healthy sitting posture	B．Find a comfortable way to sit
C．Move the neck to ease discomfort	D．Do exercises to lower blood pressure

6 . A Common Habit Leads to Shocking Harm

Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don’t even notice that they’re doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won’t feel any immediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time it’s important that you take note of how long you have your legs crossed for. You shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but it’s not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. According to the passage, which is not the problem caused by sitting with your legs crossed?

A．Increase blood pressure

B．Cause neck and back pain

C．Lead to numbness or temporary paralysis

D．Keep in a twisted position

2. What’s the best explanation of the underlined word “circulate”?

A．Go straight

B．Move around

C．Fall down

D．Work against gravity

3. Which of the following statement is true?

A．Once you cross your legs while sitting, you’ll feel immediate effects.

B．The numbness in the legs ,ankles or feet won’t cause permanent nerve damage.

C．The perfect posture for sitting is to sit with your feet planted flat and hip width apart.

D．As long as you cross your legs for less than 15 minutes, it won’t do harm to your health.

7 . The eyes are the windows of the soul. Having a pair of bright, clear eyes is very important, so we should protect our eyes throughout our lives.     1    

Keep a distance from the TV set when you watch TV and give your eyes a rest every 30 minutes.

    2    Don’t read while lying down or walking. Relax after every hour of reading.

Don’t stare at the sun or try to read in the darkness.     3    This can damage your eyes easily.

    4    Not many people have this habit, but it is necessary. If you feel that there is something wrong with your eyes, get them checked quickly. Eye problem can be found and treated early with regular checks.

Rest your eyes whenever you can. You can close your eyes for a few seconds or look into the distance for one or two minutes. A small break will relax your eyes and help to stop you from getting eye problems.

Be careful when you choose your glasses.     5    Make sure your glasses are right for you. If they don’t feel right, get your glasses changed.

A．Get your eyes checked often.

B．Develop good reading habits.

C．Make sure you get enough sleep every night.

D．Even if you're wearing sunglasses, never look directly at the sun..

E．The following tips may help you to protect your eyes.

F．Drink green tea every day as a way to protect your eyes against eye problems.

G．Glasses that aren’t suitable for you could bring you trouble.

8 . Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate.   You won’t feel any immediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time it’s important that you shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic bones(盆骨) to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine（脊椎）, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

When you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get painful. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis（瘫痪） in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

1. Which of the positions is the most ideal to keep healthy?

A．Sit for a whole night while changing the crossing leg frequently.

B．Keep both of the feet flat and wide apart on the land.

C．Rest one foot on the other for less than 15 minus.

D．Put down the crossing feet immediate legs get numb.

2. According to the passage, which of the following may a crossing-leg addict suffer?

A．A sudden blood pressure increase.

B．A twisted neck and spine.

C．Permanent injuries to nerve

D．Losing the ability to walk forever.

3. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．Ways to keep a right sitting position.

B．Tips to lower pressure to veins and nerve.

C．The health problems crossing legs will lead to.

D．Relation between habits and health problems.

9 . Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit，which most people always ignore. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure，because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, and crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. Certainly, you won’t feel any immediate effects, but you shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. When you sit with your legs crossed, your hips are in a twisted position. Not only does it cause one of your pelvic bones to rotate but also adds pressure on your lower and middle back and neck. So ideally it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor.

Moreover, your feet and legs might get painful or have the feeling of being asleep when you cross your legs for long periods of time. Since the veins and nerves are pressed, it can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. Which problem won’t sitting with your legs crossed cause?

A．Increased blood pressure	B．Neck and back pain
C．Numbness	D．Curving legs

2. How soon can we benefit from sitting with both of our feet on the floor?

A．In less than 15 minutes	B．Only in a minute or two
C．For quite a long time	D．In a month

3. Where is the text likely to be selected from？

A．A fiction	B．A piece of newspaper
C．A textbook	D．A journal of medicine

10 . Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don’t even notice that they’re doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.

A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason this happens is because the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart, crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won’t feel any immediate effects, but if you sit for long periods of time it’s important that you take note of how long you have your legs crossed for. You shouldn’t have your legs crossed for more than 15 minutes, and it’s important that you get up and walk around at least once every hour.

Crossing your legs can also lead to neck and back pain. Ideally, it’s best for our bodies to sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor, but it’s not easy to maintain perfect posture all day at the office. When you sit with your legs crossed your hips are in a twisted position, which can cause one of your pelvic bones to rotate. Since your pelvic bone supports your neck and spine, this can cause pressure on your lower and middle back and neck.

You also might notice that when you sit with your legs crossed for long periods of time your feet and legs get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep. This is because when one leg sits on top of the other it causes pressure on the veins and nerves in your legs and feet. It can cause numbness and/or temporary paralysis in the legs, ankles, or feet. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.

So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.

1. Why can sitting with your legs crossed increase your blood pressure?

A．Because it stops the blood circulating

B．Because it press the nerves in our legs.

C．Because we will be in a twisted position when we sit legs crossed.

D．Because it prevents the blood in your legs from pumping back to heart.

2. Which kind of health problems will we have if we cross the legs for a long time?

A．our blood pressure will increase.

B．Our neck and back will pain.

C．Our feet and legs may get tingly or have the feeling of being asleep.

D．Both A, B and C.

3. What does the author suggest us do when we sit down?

A．We should walk outside at least once every hour.

B．We need put one leg on the top of the other.

C．We’d better sit with our feet planted flat, hip width apart, on the floor.

D．We should choose the most comfortable way to sit.