解题方法
1 . 通过实验与计算机模拟,发现在金催化剂表面上反应
的历程如图所示(其中吸附在催化剂表面上的物种用·标注)。下列相关说法不正确 的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/19/8c384d4f-da31-4c3b-acc1-769533a202a9.png?resizew=525)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cafb99f233029b6fa031d91d5de04e4b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/19/8c384d4f-da31-4c3b-acc1-769533a202a9.png?resizew=525)
A.在经历“过渡态Ⅰ”的过程中部分H—O键发生断裂 |
B.经历“过渡态Ⅱ”的反应![]() |
C.在金催化剂作用下,![]() ![]() |
D.使用金做催化剂,能减小反应![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
2 . 下列说法不正确 的是
A.![]() |
B.硝酸具有腐蚀性和挥发性,使用时须注意防护与通风 |
C.利用X射线衍射实验可以测定晶胞中的原子坐标,并通过计算判断分子的空间结构 |
D.NaCl溶液中的Ca2+、![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
2022-11-28更新
|
191次组卷
|
2卷引用:浙江省9+1高中联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试化学试题
名校
解题方法
3 . 以CO和
为原料合成甲醇是工业上的成熟方法,直接以
为原料生产甲醇是目前的研究热点。我国科学家用
人工合成淀粉时,第一步就需要将
转化为甲醇。
已知:①
kJ·mol![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
②
kJ·mol![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
③
kJ·mol![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
下列说法不正确 的是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/750859dd7d5b821d909e6a32c11095cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
已知:①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97a408841dda3b02ca97bcb8356afe4a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73c29f1471845922440956b6bf60a904.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fed2def3d25fbcfd24ba0731177b357.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a076978f2113feb0853dbb951b388052.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9baaa1fefaec9fac7d7f636831bdaa6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7b153ab07675059c286fd75839c68949.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
下列说法
A.若温度不变,反应①中生成1 mol ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
C.通过电解制![]() ![]() ![]() |
D.以![]() ![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
2022-11-27更新
|
954次组卷
|
7卷引用:北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高三上学期期中考试化学试题
北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高三上学期期中考试化学试题天津市静海区第一中学2021-2022学年高三上学期12月调研考试化学试题北京市第二十二中学2021-2022学年高三上学期12月阶段性测试理科化学试题北京市东城区一六六中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试化学试题(已下线)2023年北京卷高考真题变式题(选择题11-14)(已下线)考点17 化学反应的热效应(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2024年高考化学一轮复习考点帮(全国通用)(已下线)化学反应的热效应
名校
4 . 已知
下:①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8abc2a714916f60aefb7fdc9ae1401fc.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9eb2733465224e697110e78db2488218.png)
在该温度下,向刚性容器中投入足量
,达平衡后测得容器内的总压为
,且
的分压等于
的分压,下列说法正确的是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de322daa655e03aa780a5659fb2b1d3c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b070139fb3630d0c9c75a69e902a785c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8abc2a714916f60aefb7fdc9ae1401fc.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f7bf1274eacc111746496f4af8903863.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9eb2733465224e697110e78db2488218.png)
在该温度下,向刚性容器中投入足量
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/38d62e5dc18595d237369882272b9df3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/245512abe6496e45bc6465a05bbba13e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3855dcc64a8d2d84cce2105dc481531c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef653f5cb330066f4e8a08ce08056613.png)
A.反应②的![]() ![]() |
B.若温度不变,缩小容器的体积达新平衡后,![]() |
C.若升高温度,![]() |
D.若保持温度不变,再通入![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
名校
解题方法
5 . 化学反应与能量
(1)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f3c7553f5048852c9096a083d95fc63.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6c9c99fa465a76d363346d467d6b3f0.png)
设有氢气和丙烷的混合气体5mol,完全燃烧时放出热量为3847kJ,则混合气体中氢气与丙烷的体积比是_______ 。
(2)甲醇(
)广泛用作燃料电池的燃料,可由天然气来合成,已知:
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5075cd07fa4184901f0d25ac4f3c3b23.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6d7f9527ff9c8d16ada82eb689b01816.png)
③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b085440ce1cf00fab91984c4c04890a4.png)
则甲醇的燃烧热为_______ 。
(3)向足量的
溶液中加入100mL
的
溶液,放出的热量是5.12kJ。向足量的
溶液中加入100mL
的
溶液,放出的热量为2.2kJ。则
溶液与
溶液反应的热化学方程式为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f94aeaa9015967c166a3e9cd00bf1652.png)
_______ 。
(4)已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0c2daa7ba8604af6bec5bfca78b58d1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2121655dc0603882ce0f6a45bc1ca919.png)
、
和
键的键能分别为436、496和
,则a为_______ 。
(1)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/16975dd5895180264971fb1fdf92d0d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f3c7553f5048852c9096a083d95fc63.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e31729ae3e8a7453af71678ca702149.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6c9c99fa465a76d363346d467d6b3f0.png)
设有氢气和丙烷的混合气体5mol,完全燃烧时放出热量为3847kJ,则混合气体中氢气与丙烷的体积比是
(2)甲醇(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4d1f1e78b8ee320c79a71d3308b8db0.png)
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/018410e5813c09890172ae346272d75f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5075cd07fa4184901f0d25ac4f3c3b23.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/345ecbe531dfed58c60455a4e2f18d40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6d7f9527ff9c8d16ada82eb689b01816.png)
③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/89daa45e640060e12f8387b8aab15aa9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b085440ce1cf00fab91984c4c04890a4.png)
则甲醇的燃烧热为
(3)向足量的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dabf3433f95b16485024c4eede9f2a50.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ec0ac83cc6493cd1acc3d9c36669603.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/894f3c49b7ff56b79d92da2359bb051f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/894f3c49b7ff56b79d92da2359bb051f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ec0ac83cc6493cd1acc3d9c36669603.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/387d2029bc8e5f0ceb454be937a07e3f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ea1951629d21dadc9dc4c9e760f4cc0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dfdf270bf3cfabfb02eb178198de6f51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b2e10fc17d1e5e1f41a8a45b26cc9f0c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f94aeaa9015967c166a3e9cd00bf1652.png)
(4)已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd2ca1c6930d2038353e75d32d3b7f6a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0c2daa7ba8604af6bec5bfca78b58d1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8142d55d6cc07cc1e6606d29ea16204.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2121655dc0603882ce0f6a45bc1ca919.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cb48d11d16ae254abe4687a92dd9de1d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a48983e9107b7972980a6db5056761b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48db79cf1c4a01493006ba298b0a9e88.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/571638127a0377f98b4a94a65875d4c3.png)
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6 . 氨、甲烷都是重要的氢化物,按要求回答下列问题:
(1)
和
反应生成
和
的
往往难以直接测量,从产物稳定性看,其主要原因是_______ 。
已知:
反应生成
的
,
和
完全反应生成
的
,
燃烧生成
的
,若有17g氨气经催化氧化完全生成一氧化氮气体和水蒸气所放出的热量为_______ 。
(2)甲烷与水蒸气通入聚焦太阳能反应器,发生反应
,该反应为吸热反应。已知在三种不同条件(I、II、III)下,氢气的产量随时间的变化如图1所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/23/a28e42be-e514-4275-b367-e5ed80327af2.png?resizew=289)
①在0~20小时内,甲烷的反应速率
、
和
从大到小的顺序为_______ 。
②将0.4mol甲烷和0.4mol水蒸气充入2L恒容的密闭容器中,某条件下反应达到平衡,测得氢气的物质的量浓度为
,则该条件下此反应的平衡常数K=_______ ,甲烷的转化率为_______ 。
③氢气的百分含量与体系总压强(P)、温度(T)的关系如图2所示。平衡状态由A变到B时,对应的平衡常数:![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bc3bf7cac332068f7fc0a34b7024d354.png)
_______
(填“>”、“<"或“=”)。
(1)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f3e12970c4e46404fd80963b58bda7f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f5cc516498f456b28893a55464c47df.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/054fe3ce097d1c4dff6c1124285049c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef653f5cb330066f4e8a08ce08056613.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/22e1324e1e9318481b6e7264c8595804.png)
已知:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f546732e59a0aec5fb5f6ff901991aac.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1847193e20f2a2e002f65e68589be30e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/369ca327e3575e651117c6003e4865a1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f546732e59a0aec5fb5f6ff901991aac.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f5cc516498f456b28893a55464c47df.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/054fe3ce097d1c4dff6c1124285049c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ac10f0898993a2ff37b027c85677bf8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0092bfc4025b44f21491990d6745eb08.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef653f5cb330066f4e8a08ce08056613.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e9af7a9e2237c844c5a6a712b3c41363.png)
(2)甲烷与水蒸气通入聚焦太阳能反应器,发生反应
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de5f94d875950179b6c332cad9df4e89.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/23/a28e42be-e514-4275-b367-e5ed80327af2.png?resizew=289)
①在0~20小时内,甲烷的反应速率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d677d21f51e4fd69ea8121f8c6aa3fc0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8fd38c74b5d0dd67a1f9cd3cae7b9edf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57c2a5f6574eab4302af9c660a355676.png)
②将0.4mol甲烷和0.4mol水蒸气充入2L恒容的密闭容器中,某条件下反应达到平衡,测得氢气的物质的量浓度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96f3388835482f010e278b98f01d8985.png)
③氢气的百分含量与体系总压强(P)、温度(T)的关系如图2所示。平衡状态由A变到B时,对应的平衡常数:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bc3bf7cac332068f7fc0a34b7024d354.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e9e0388041f926fd071469896ffc2112.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/23/dae41462-e803-40d9-b657-63693ee4b54a.png?resizew=291)
您最近一年使用:0次
2022-11-16更新
|
45次组卷
|
2卷引用:河南省商丘名校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试化学试题
7 . 甲烷—二氧化碳重整和甲烷水蒸气—二氧化碳双重整技术(CSCRM)均能将
和
温室气体转化为高附加值的合成气,在环保、经济等方面均具有重大意义。
回答下列问题:
Ⅰ.甲烷—二氧化碳重整:
重整
的催化转化原理如图1所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/8ded0cf9-f190-41df-9aa6-7348cf7febea.png?resizew=433)
(1)已知相关反应的能量变化如图2所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/8279b5ea-4a69-471f-ab47-6f12219e74f2.png?resizew=467)
则过程i的热化学方程式为_______ 。
(2)过程ii的总反应可表示为_______ 。
(3)向一刚性密闭容器中,充入物质的量比为
的
和
,总压为
,加热到一定温度使其发生过程i的反应。
①达到平衡后测得体系压强是起始时的1.76倍,则该反应的平衡常数的计算式为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/30e6f37cc6d1b2d34c503bf5de528034.png)
_______
(用各物质的分压代替物质的量浓度计算)。
②其他条件不变,在不同催化剂(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)作用下,反应进行相同时间后,
的转化率随反应温度的变化如图3所示。a点所代表的状态_______ (填“是”或“不是”)平衡状态;b点
的转化率高于c点,原因是_______ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/4e7bfa0b-61bf-491a-b52a-ac982ba6bdd9.png?resizew=170)
Ⅱ.甲烷水蒸气—二氧化碳双重整技术(CSCRM):在原料气中通入水蒸气来缓解积碳,发生的主要反应的
与温度关系如图4,已知各反应原理如下,其中
与
为积碳反应。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/062a5963-b1c1-4965-8484-5ed02d0951fa.png?resizew=261)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37cd1f4a298f1ff46fbfd45ed75be938.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e3396e9e066adc1d6e03779938058a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a95d800b889e9e22aa00ec16b7f0a794.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac4bb5ab7f13c24e73afc40e9e4ab04b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/00c828b8f0f502035482db64270034ad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c4f1a38ae4feb28b4e4274f089673ab.png)
(4)![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6fbb5d519f981a09188dc18a765e8c43.png)
_______ 0(填“>”或“<”)。
(5)已知
,综合分析进料气
时制备合成气的最佳温度为_______ ;通入水蒸气能缓解积碳的原因为_______ 。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
回答下列问题:
Ⅰ.甲烷—二氧化碳重整:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/8ded0cf9-f190-41df-9aa6-7348cf7febea.png?resizew=433)
(1)已知相关反应的能量变化如图2所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/8279b5ea-4a69-471f-ab47-6f12219e74f2.png?resizew=467)
则过程i的热化学方程式为
(2)过程ii的总反应可表示为
(3)向一刚性密闭容器中,充入物质的量比为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ff4806fb7f95f63e863c287faa51f8e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1eeb5cd538b0d649016da034797df1d5.png)
①达到平衡后测得体系压强是起始时的1.76倍,则该反应的平衡常数的计算式为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/30e6f37cc6d1b2d34c503bf5de528034.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bcfcc174873365ffcd6bebcebc01ad45.png)
②其他条件不变,在不同催化剂(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)作用下,反应进行相同时间后,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eff19349a80467d65564cc2953f0c978.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/4e7bfa0b-61bf-491a-b52a-ac982ba6bdd9.png?resizew=170)
Ⅱ.甲烷水蒸气—二氧化碳双重整技术(CSCRM):在原料气中通入水蒸气来缓解积碳,发生的主要反应的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/085800fe1bbafc68aaba6f95606a4ef8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f86bab2d38da74a462658f9d8c3438f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba35b7419ea15cbbafdcab710ac19461.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/24/062a5963-b1c1-4965-8484-5ed02d0951fa.png?resizew=261)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/30a3abdb2f3d947c2aeb03934dcdaf85.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/defd3cec1b674ae5861b50ee2460dc04.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37cd1f4a298f1ff46fbfd45ed75be938.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4906f860156d772d8320898de5d93713.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5ec4cb3b67b43205a8ff8b690cbb9f6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e3396e9e066adc1d6e03779938058a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eeaa1801ea4f800f6961c27be6d7f62b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83182738f18ceb821b1af77ca3743009.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a95d800b889e9e22aa00ec16b7f0a794.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d7e20e7659706f4411c3f2194561ca15.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54b276b9d38ee6772a992600b7e73e45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac4bb5ab7f13c24e73afc40e9e4ab04b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f86bab2d38da74a462658f9d8c3438f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83641c8f9ff9281c9dde086c024802c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/00c828b8f0f502035482db64270034ad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba35b7419ea15cbbafdcab710ac19461.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/53ce451b19a213f1f34a7c146d30c8a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c4f1a38ae4feb28b4e4274f089673ab.png)
(4)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6fbb5d519f981a09188dc18a765e8c43.png)
(5)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d8d2dbbce914fe00a078dfc43df22fd1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a76dfa6f896eca58dcc0faea5b037b2.png)
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2022-11-15更新
|
119次组卷
|
2卷引用:山东省青岛市(胶州市、城阳区、平度市、黄岛区)2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试化学试题
8 . 北京时间2022年9月26日21时38分,我国在西昌卫星发射中心使用长征二号丁运载火箭,成功将遥感三十六号卫星发射升空,卫星顺利进入预定轨道,发射任务获得圆满成功。联氨
是航天飞常用的高能燃料,火箭推进器中分别装有液态
(联氨)和液态
,当它们混合时即产生气体,放出大量热。已知:
I.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07e6fc8b8e6eef61beb89c4200c561e8.png)
II.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/323e6adeb365cecdc49ac8c41c051579.png)
III.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9576701cd4a902fdfdd7a1fdad088d72.png)
Ⅳ.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23ed94bd313250560338713d255cb483.png)
则a等于
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/63f7544c8b6bb61648ac2fa85231b865.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81e9438580f9be20006d85b3a5c36404.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d6149377ee90af173136c0119993ccb.png)
I.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ae6172ed42d0de848dbe7e058ce06cbc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07e6fc8b8e6eef61beb89c4200c561e8.png)
II.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fb62746cb6037a0c4046f4df0c0452a7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/323e6adeb365cecdc49ac8c41c051579.png)
III.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14c3c22dc72c9356f366b67e96232918.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9576701cd4a902fdfdd7a1fdad088d72.png)
Ⅳ.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0f5c4be823f771f88aaf5638ce9db54.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23ed94bd313250560338713d255cb483.png)
则a等于
A.959.7 | B.-1135.7 | C.-1179.7 | D.-1311.7 |
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9 .
的回收与利用是科学家研究的热点课题,工业上有一种用
生产甲醇燃料的方法:
kJ·mol
.将6 mol
和8 mol
充入2 L的密闭容器中,测得的物质的量随时间变化如图所示(实线)。
(1)已知
kJ·mol
.依据题中信息计算反应:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96d529dd8302544058eb2930a98a7d71.png)
______ kJ·mol
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/22/aee9402b-e066-4181-a7ce-06a265b621ef.png?resizew=314)
(2)a点正反应速率______ (填大于、等于或小于)逆反应速率,前4 min内,用
表示的平均反应速率为______ mol·L
·min
。
(3)平衡时氢气的转化率a=______ ,该条件下反应的平衡常数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be67926dcdcae9406c284c19b51258b9.png)
______ 。
(4)二氧化碳催化加氢也可以合成乙烯,该反应是综合利用
的热点研究领域。
催化加氢生成乙烯和水的反应中,产物的物质的量之比![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4df653d09cf09a158fbab3c62ab7bde8.png)
______ 。当反应达到平衡时,若增大压强,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7e75a371888513c10b2824491d807d3.png)
______ (填“变大”“变小”或“不变”)。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2556970400cf30ace21369934cabd252.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/53fbc9c648d4725bda9c100cb1ed4c4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7644a7769a5fa1bdab46cc0b2dee2861.png)
(1)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9baaa1fefaec9fac7d7f636831bdaa6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1734d6e9978911cc79102a8ce88314a6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4acd1fba638ba220bc90328157524f68.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96d529dd8302544058eb2930a98a7d71.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/22/aee9402b-e066-4181-a7ce-06a265b621ef.png?resizew=314)
(2)a点正反应速率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f483eb8188afd27aa8f59e3f0b0ce3e.png)
(3)平衡时氢气的转化率a=
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be67926dcdcae9406c284c19b51258b9.png)
(4)二氧化碳催化加氢也可以合成乙烯,该反应是综合利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4298cb837170c021b9f2cd4e674a6a3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4df653d09cf09a158fbab3c62ab7bde8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7e75a371888513c10b2824491d807d3.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
10 . 反应热计算是一种基本化学能力。
(1)已知相关的化学键键能数据如下:
CO(g)+2H2(g)
CH3OH(g) ΔH=_______ kJ·mol-1
(2)水煤气变换反应CO(g)+H2O(g)
CO2 (g)+H2(g) ΔH<0 (简称WGS),在金属催化剂Au(III)表面上发生的所有基元反应步骤的活化能数值(单位: kJ/mol)如下表,其中*表示催化剂表面活性位,X*表示金属表面活性位吸附物种。
由表中数据计算WGS反应的焓变ΔH=___________ kJ/mol。
(3)已知: N2(g)+O2(g)=2NO(g) ΔH=+180.0 kJ/mol
N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g) ΔH=-92.4 kJ/mol
2H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(g) ΔH=-483.6 kJ/mol
H2O(l)=H2O(g) ΔH=+44.0 kJ/mol
则反应4NH3(g)+5O2(g)=4NO(g)+6H2O(l) ΔH=_______ kJ/mol
(4)已知下列物质的相对能量如图,则C2H6(g)+2CO2(g)=4CO(g)+3H2(g) ΔH=___ kJ/mol
(1)已知相关的化学键键能数据如下:
化学键 | H-H | C-O | ![]() | H-O | C-H |
E/(![]() | 436 | 343 | 1076 | 465 | 413 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
(2)水煤气变换反应CO(g)+H2O(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de4ac184aef047428370bf877105fa50.png)
基元反应 | 正逆反应活化能 | ||
E正反应 | E逆反应 | ||
① | H2O+*![]() | 0 | 67 |
② | H2O*+*![]() | 150 | 0 |
③ | OH*+*![]() | 71 | 67 |
④ | 2H*+*![]() | 74 | 25 |
⑤ | CO+*![]() | 0 | 42 |
⑥ | CO*+O*![]() | 37 | 203 |
⑦ | CO2*![]() | 17 | 0 |
(3)已知: N2(g)+O2(g)=2NO(g) ΔH=+180.0 kJ/mol
N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g) ΔH=-92.4 kJ/mol
2H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(g) ΔH=-483.6 kJ/mol
H2O(l)=H2O(g) ΔH=+44.0 kJ/mol
则反应4NH3(g)+5O2(g)=4NO(g)+6H2O(l) ΔH=
(4)已知下列物质的相对能量如图,则C2H6(g)+2CO2(g)=4CO(g)+3H2(g) ΔH=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/11/10/3106459094704128/3106814104281089/STEM/10ce454d492f4b25b4c8571643b5f65d.png?resizew=132)
您最近一年使用:0次