解题方法
1 . 有很多立体图形都体现了数学的对称美,其中半正多面体是由两种或两种以上的正多边形围成的多面体,半正多面体因其最早由阿基米德研究发现,故也被称作阿基米德体.如图,这是一个棱数为
,棱长都相等的半正多面体,它的所有顶点都在同一个正方体的表面上,可以看成是由一个正方体截去八个一样的四面体所得.已知点
为线段
上一点且
,若直线
与直线
所成角的余弦值为
,设半正多面体的棱长为
,将半正多面体补成正方体,建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/9/f7c0b0c9-c673-425c-9dfc-2c6cfe7117e4.png?resizew=315)
(1)求正方体的棱长,并写出A,B,C,D,F点的坐标.
(2)求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/49e60fbe6820130fb20abc555a94b5ea.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d03acb29a5812acad760d564d6c84be.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e6e490f703eb6c9bb1278c78ebc2d661.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6aa2b5e09f8ec785c59900a529390a02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01eacbc4d1b4694985214023faa00128.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf298f00799cbf34b4db26f5f63af92f.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/9/f7c0b0c9-c673-425c-9dfc-2c6cfe7117e4.png?resizew=315)
(1)求正方体的棱长,并写出A,B,C,D,F点的坐标.
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
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2 . 在空间直角坐标系
中给定点
,则该点关于坐标平面
的对称点
的坐标为_________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5e336d6ca2cae3d6e6c3810d7e521a4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/031121d8adbe9bb6d21190f9204f8cbf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cee6765a83140d745a6de4c85d9b6b50.png)
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解题方法
3 . 瀑布(图1)是埃舍尔为人所知的作品.画面两座高塔各有一个几何体,左塔上方是著名的“三立方体合体”(图2).在棱长为2的正方体
中建立如图3所示的空间直角坐标系(原点O为该正方体的中心,x,y,
轴均垂直该正方体的面),将该正方体分别绕着x轴,y轴,
轴旋转45°,得到三个正方体
,
(图4,5,6)结合在一起便可得到一个高度对称的“三立方体合体”(图7).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/e3b361ab-bbcd-4ec1-8d7e-a51250337d2a.png?resizew=324)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/0bb32dad-7e15-4145-bd9e-7b88d7c08cd4.png?resizew=666)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/cbcb0d91-53de-4cc9-8883-d5af9ffe1571.png?resizew=486)
(1)设
,求
,
.
(2)求点
到平面
的距离.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b3da8c338342e38c9aa3f274c053fd5b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e81e59019989b7dc2fb59b037ef6e010.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e81e59019989b7dc2fb59b037ef6e010.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ecd73870da15600dfdc2220693fd81b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/750335e0a1896eb270407e86335a85a2.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/e3b361ab-bbcd-4ec1-8d7e-a51250337d2a.png?resizew=324)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/0bb32dad-7e15-4145-bd9e-7b88d7c08cd4.png?resizew=666)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/cbcb0d91-53de-4cc9-8883-d5af9ffe1571.png?resizew=486)
(1)设
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/deb7fd30eee48d581e5d812c2e10aa11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6fabf4c9a84e0b9690c7248a6f733f38.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/750335e0a1896eb270407e86335a85a2.png)
(2)求点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a18722354086c42e62334983fc50eb6a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e7c61c8e532d25d239382c40490905e7.png)
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4 . 已知
,则
的中点关于平面
的对称点的坐标是___
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/999caf873545f0de66131e29571d0e26.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411461db15ee8086332c531e086c40c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
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5 . 在空间直角坐标系
中,点
关于
平面的对称点
的坐标为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5e336d6ca2cae3d6e6c3810d7e521a4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/724951a1882f57602bf7d324fc2cdbe5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
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2023-06-20更新
|
398次组卷
|
5卷引用:上海市吴淞中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试数学试卷
上海市吴淞中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试数学试卷上海市宝山区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末数学试题(已下线)上海市高二数学下学期期末模拟试卷01--高二期末考点大串讲(沪教版2020选修)吉林省长春汽车经济技术开发区第三中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试数学试题(已下线)第三章 空间向量与立体几何(基础巩固检测卷)-2023-2024学年高二数学同步精品课堂(北师大版2019选择性必修第一册)
名校
解题方法
6 . 设常数
.在棱长为1的正方体
中,点
满足
,点
分别为棱
上的动点(均不与顶点重合),且满足
,记
.以
为原点,分别以
的方向为
轴的正方向,建立如图空间直角坐标系
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/13/e06e4e4f-445b-442f-8e80-1e0f640affc9.png?resizew=217)
(1)用
和
表示点
的坐标;
(2)设
,若
,求常数
的值;
(3)记
到平面
的距离为
.求证:若关于
的方程
在
上恰有两个不同的解,则这两个解中至少有一个大于
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3eb6bf23a5a12e1ba5413594d7b1a57c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e09725691ee7851f54c0dee86b2bf55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a91c73ae980263c97742283b6b5852a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7789a500686c7a73770404ead6af0590.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cea77ba313fcc751481ac1ca214df3fc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37e85b55b6ad43be1a03fc637e1d3429.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/651066b6919cab279373a8a1e1130839.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d68873c59a21b0cd408cdf2b47d51096.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1a14c388e1e2e5a2ff1ccf6caffbee0d.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/13/e06e4e4f-445b-442f-8e80-1e0f640affc9.png?resizew=217)
(1)用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e15b268af571f9ecb37a864a08862814.png)
(2)设
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/200f24e682c93e02a87f3f9d57dc5d40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d262b77e692c60e3c6b6afb610e8fe66.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
(3)记
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c28b88046022376b082b8a45c04577c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/77a90170d7ef5ff6d1d63517c166f7a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a19e72906b84a1cb049167afdebdce0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7160d93f92089ef36f3dab809d3114b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f89eef3148f2d4d09379767b4af69132.png)
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7 . 在空间直角坐标系中,过
作
平面的垂线,
为垂足,则点
坐标为__ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/53a70762af111eda4c749f4e03c921ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ef1e8a88d934eca5399decc64fdbd43.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
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8 . 在空间直角坐标系中,点
关于
平面对称的点的坐标是______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b4a3f79bb8cce91c8a311b239b29bb8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d7d96461d2b3421aed548b754637ca8a.png)
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2022-11-25更新
|
364次组卷
|
4卷引用:上海市五爱高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试数学试卷
上海市五爱高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试数学试卷上海市虹口区2023届高三上学期11月适应性测试数学试题上海市南洋模范中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考数学试题(已下线)第3章 空间向量及其应用(基础、常考、易错、压轴)分类专项训练(原卷版)
解题方法
9 . 如图,以长方体
的顶点
为坐标原点,
是
的中点,
是
的中点.过
的三条棱所在的直线为坐标轴,建立空间直角坐标系,已知
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/7/abed6f0b-6f21-4604-af5a-229424a1e804.png?resizew=192)
(1)分别写出点
、点
和
的坐标;
(2)求
到平面
的距离;
(3)若点
是棱
上一个动点,是否存在点
使得
为一个等腰三角形?如果存在,求出点
的坐标;如果不存在,请说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e09725691ee7851f54c0dee86b2bf55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/394c5d2f55221975503be8aa18022480.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/657ab25a8db88ffbdc6e0e6048ef7ed5.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/7/abed6f0b-6f21-4604-af5a-229424a1e804.png?resizew=192)
(1)分别写出点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a18722354086c42e62334983fc50eb6a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/053c0f6846f2bf8671b351a4263a0270.png)
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97c01fdc7bc471af0b264a04aef0823e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/70db40c42655327adee01caedfc9d50c.png)
(3)若点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d23b488f961d9fde37feb7f5c497c0d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
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10 . 如图,在长方体
中,
,动点M在棱
上,连接
,则
的最小值为 ___ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e09725691ee7851f54c0dee86b2bf55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd1e146b544a5060ff0b38c1fd0379e8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d88bf46ad08f9677c37eed1d0369329.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7b46241489eceba7fbd244fe8a412b59.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/00411379a5198cf2be7847fe5cb4bf6a.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/12/2849537746337792/2851026422333440/STEM/92919912-1c00-4cff-aac3-57454aaf3943.png?resizew=218)
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