1 . Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019. The average person with student loan debt owed between $20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010. Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America.

Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem.

To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven.

Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.

Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (轻率的) with his borrowing in the future.

No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief the neediest students should be helped first.

1. How does the author introduce the problem of student loan?

A．By making a comparison.	B．By making classifications.
C．By presenting some statistics.	D．By setting down general rules.

2. What can we learn about student loan debt relief?

A．It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers.

B．It has already been carried out in the United States.

C．It aims to encourage more students to borrow money.

D．It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job.

3. What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness?

A．Uncaring.	B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.	D．Cautious.

4. What's the main idea of the text?

A．Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide.

B．Growing global student debt fuels search for solutions.

C．Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble.

D．People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness.

2 . Here’s an imaginary question for you：would you rather leave your home country and never be allowed to return，or never leave your home country ever again?

It’s a difficult one!Let’s consider the beauty of being at home and the thrill of travelling. I left my home country，Germany，when I was seven to move to England with my family. Now at the age of 21，I’ve left my second home country，England，to work as an English language assistant in Switzerland.     1    

●New friends

I don’t know about you，but I love getting to know new people. Moving abroad is the perfect opportunity to extend your friendship circle and make it global.     2     They’11 also be able to give you a new perspective on life as they share their view of the world—which is likely to be very different from your own!Time to open your mind and see the world.

●     3    

You may learn a language in the classroom environment and learn it well，but nothing compares to fully burying yourself into a foreign language，participating in real-life conversations and picking up authentic slang and sayings from the locals.     4    

●Food，glorious food!

The world has so much to offer when it comes to food，so make the most of this new cultural experience and let your stomach guide you. Why not try something completely new?Tingle those taste buds.     5     Perhaps you can surprise your friends back home you’re your new-found cooking skills when you see them next.

A．The opportunity to master a new language.

B．The advantage of mastering a new language.

C．Is it always an exciting experience moving abroad?

D．Even better still，let the locals teach you how to make it.

E．You also fully experience the culture tied to the language.

F．These new friends will show you the most fun things to do in your new home.

G．What are the benefits of leaving the home country for a new adventure abroad?

3 . In the middle of the Pacific Ocean lies the tiny island nation of Tuvalu，the fourth smallest country in the world. This group of four islands and five atolls (islands made from coral) is famous for its sandy beaches and turquoise (蓝绿色的) waters and has long been a popular tourist destination for nearby New Zealanders. However, the nation of Tuvalu is at risk of soon no longer existing; not because of war or political change, but because it will be covered by the rising ocean.

Tuvalu is experiencing the harmful effects of global warming. As global temperatures rise, so does the ocean temperature. Due to the scientific law of “thermal expansion,” when water heats it get bigger.     1     Most experts claim that the effects of climate change will make Tuvalu uninhabitable within the next 50 years. Problems are already emerging. As sea levels rise, ocean water containing high levels of salt is travelling further and further inland destroying the little amount of soil Tuvaluans have to grow crops.

Even before Tuvaluans began to suffer from the effects of climate change, lift on Tuvalu was tough.     2     Most of the land on an atoll is rock-hard arid any soil that exists on it is usually thin and poor for growing crops. The nation has always had to import food apart from fish.

More serious than Tuvalu’s lack of home-grown food has been its lack of drinking water.    3     Therefore, Tuvaluans depend almost entirely on rainwater for their water needs. Unfortunately, due to a geographical phenomenon known as La Nina, Tuvalu often suffers from long periods of drought. In autumn 2010, after seven months of no rain, the Prime Minister had to declare a state of emergency riot only because of a lack of drinking water, but also because the water left was polluted with cholera (霍乱)     4    

Tuvalu’s problems have led some of its 11, 000 inhabitants to consider migrating to Australia or New Zealand.    5     They know they’ll have to someday, but for as long as possible, they want to remain and make the world aware of what is happening to their homeland due to chimate change.

A．It was a desperate situation and, but for emergency shipments from New Zealand and Australia, many Tuvaluans would have died.

B．This is largely due to the geological makeup of atolls.

C．Unlike normal islands, atolls have no rivers or streams, which means that most of Tuvalu has no groundwater to use for drinking.

D．Tuvalu’s representatives demanded that nations should take a more responsible rote in reducing gas emissions.

E．Therefore, sea levels are rising and for low-lying Tuvalu, this spells disaster.

F．However, they ate not willing to abandon the land of their forefathers so easily.

G．And as a member of the United Nations, they are doing just that.

4 . Finding time to do both homework and exercise is getting easier for students at a growing number of schools. Workout machines are appearing in many school libraries. The latest school to fix the Fit Desk Bike Desk is Troy University， which now has a total of six in the libraries. Over the past three years， the Bike Desks have also been fixed at four other universities.

The idea of pushing "active workplaces" is far from new. From standing offices to treadmill （跑步机）meetings， companies have been exploring the benefits of getting employees up from their desks-benefits that include higher morale （士气）and improved work performance. And a recent study that focuses on younger children suggests a strong connection between physical activities and good grades.

Chris Shaffer， who is director of library services at Troy University， says he thought it would be worth experimenting with the machines. "The final goal is to make the library a welcoming place that our students want to visit"， says Shaffer， "If we can find a way to let our students study and become healthier at the same time， then I am all for it. " He says the experiment is so successful so far that the university has ordered three additional Bike Desks.

Troy junior Niquette says the bikes have been in use every day he has visited the library. "Keeping a proper diet and exercise schedule during college is near impossible， "he says， "These offer a special way to study and I hope the university continues to add more." Senior Raven hasn't used the Bike Desks yet but says she wishes they'd been fixed sooner. "I remember being a junior and the gym is so crowded， with the smell of sweat， loud music and people moving around，" Raven says， "I think the machines are a great idea. You can do sports quietly while others focus on their study.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph？ ______

A．University students are doing more exercise now.

B．Doing homework is easy for university students now.

C．Troy University introduced the Bike Desk to other schools.

D．Fixing workout machines in libraries is becoming popular.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about？ ______

A．The types of exercise at workplaces.

B．The explanation of work performance.

C．The development of active workplaces.

D．The benefits of exercising during work and study.

3. What is the purpose of fixing the Bike Desks according to Shaffer？ ______

A．To make the library attractive to students.

B．To make students become healthier.

C．To help students to get good grades.

D．To do experiments on the machines.

4. What do Niquette and Raven think about the bikes？ ______

A．They are easy to ride.

B．They are really useful.

C．They make the library noisy.

D．They distract students.

5 . I realized I would not see a real person named Sophie at Sophie’s Eatery because, like most new restaurants these days, Sophie’s is a robo-restaurant.

When I walked in, a cute little manager robot appeared, looking rather like a toaster with blinking (眨) blue eyes. It escorted me to a nice table in the back. The menu monitor popped out of my table and showed me pictures of my dining choices. I tapped my choices and clicked OK, and the screen slid back down.

I watched as full plates rode the conveyer belts that moved along each aisle (过道) of tables. In just a few minutes, my dish stopped at my table, and I took it from the belt. Later, I placed my empty plate back on the conveyer belt, and it was taken away into kitchen to be cleaned.

I watched the little toaster showing customers to tables while I ate my main dish. The food was delicious, but I was starting to feel extremely angry because dealing with robots always makes me feel inhuman. Pretty soon, I wanted to talk to someone real, even if it was just a few sentences.

So when my dessert arrived, I took action. I dropped my plate on the floor with a satisfying crash. I was so happy when I saw the manager toaster’s blinking red eyes—at last, a real live person would arrive!

But instead, a crew of two robots quickly appeared. A robot broom rushed over and started to sweep the piece of the broken plate into a robot garbage can. They finished and moved back into the kitchen.

My plan to get a little reality into Sophie’s Eatery failed. I hope the robo-restaurant trend ends soon. I want to deal with people again!

1. What does the underlined word “escorted” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Registered.	B．Guided.
C．Conducted.	D．Rushed

2. What is the purpose of the author crashing his plate?

A．To deal with a real human.	B．To catch attention from the robots.
C．To play jokes on the robots.	D．To complain about the bad service.

3. Which of the following best describes the author’s feeling at Sophie’s Eatery?

A．Satisfied.	B．Shocked.
C．Annoyed.	D．Curious.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The trend of dining with robots.

B．The advantage of robo-restaurants.

C．The food variety of a robo-restaurant.

D．The dining experience at a robo-restaurant.

6 . It was a cold morning, and Eduardo Ortega was nervous. He held a large envelope (信封). In it was his dream. “This is everything,” he said. “I’ve worked for this since I was a young boy.”

He remembered the long hours working in the fields, picking strawberries and beans. After work every day, his tired friends drank coffee or slept. Eduardo went to the evening school. He studied, read, and wrote poems and short stories. Although he missed many classes, he became the best student.

One school year, Eduardo wrote a poem that won a prize — a trip to San Francisco. As he flew, he felt free from his life of hard work in the fields. He promised himself not to return to that life. He loved to fly.

This morning, Eduardo caught the school bus and went to school with the envelope. He walked past his classmates and sat down at his desk. He took a deep breath, drew the envelope out of his pocket and carefully opened it and began reading the letter inside. It was the answer to his application to the state university. It was also the answer to the beginning of his dream of becoming a pilot.

Even though Eduardo worked to help his family, his father always encouraged him to go to school. So, while he worked, he also studied. Eduardo knew that his dream was his father’s dream, too. His father was a smart man, but he was too poor to go to college. He loved to read, but never had time, because he worked long hours.

Now, as he read the words, “Congratulations … you have been accepted,” he knew his dream was not lost. One day he would become a pilot, flying every day to all the exciting places in the world.

1. What did Eduardo do when his friends drank coffee or slept?

A．He attended classes.	B．He studied and wrote.
C．He worked in the fields.	D．He helped around his home.

2. What was Eduardo’s dream?

A．Becoming a pilot.	B．Becoming a writer.
C．Travelling around the world.	D．Realizing his father’s dream.

3. What was Eduardo’s father’s attitude toward his dream?

A．Doubtful.	B．Unconcerned.
C．Supportive.	D．Unclear.

4. What was in the envelope?

A．An invitation to a flying trip.

B．Encouragement from his father.

C．Congratulations from his friends.

D．An admission notice from a university.

7 . Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime coral bleaching (白化现象) events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.

In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.

“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places-the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a place to settle,” said Steve Simpson, study co-author and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.

By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. “These returning fish, are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many coral reefs around the world,” said lead author, Tim Gordon.

1. What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?

A．Diverse species.	B．Noise pollution.
C．Fishing industry.	D．Climbing temperatures.

2. What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?

A．Removing damaged coral reefs.	B．Using loudspeakers to keep fish away.
C．Building new homes for sea species.	D．Playing certain sounds to appeal to fish.

3. Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted?

A．To provide some findings of the study.	B．To show the progress of the experiment.
C．To explain reasons for the new approach.	D．To give another solution to the problem.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．The attempts are in vain.	B．Natural recovery is impossible.
C．Initial success has been achieved.	D．The coral reefs have returned to normal.

8 . Tired of Neck Pain? We are proud to offer a gadget- Neck Massager- that will relieve your back and neck pain instantly! How does Neck Massager work?

The reason why Neck Massager is so effective is definitely its innovative, scientific, time-tested methods that it uses to target the aching areas of your body and bring you long-awaited relief. Not only does this well-designed device reduce pain and tension, but also it improves your mood and overall health! Only the 2 AAA batteries will make sure that you can use it whenever tension strikes!

People are already enjoying the benefits of Neck Massager:

Whenever I use it, I instantly feel happier and more relaxed, so the effect really lasts. Neck Massager is not my small pleasure-it^’s a big one! - Sandra Reames

I’m not so good with tech, so I was nervous about figuring out how to use it, but this device is so simple to use that even someone like me had absolutely no problem. I have started to sleep better as well ,and that was one of the most surprising benefits of the Neck Massager!- Pat Sullivan

How much is it?

Compared to all the medical expenses and other alternatives, Neck Massager is definitely worth a try. It's now available 50% OFF, which means you're able to get it for only £46!

No pills, no doctor appointments, no wasted time-you can now feel great in your own home!

IMPORTANT INFORMATION! “As of February 12, 2020, you can still get a Neck Massager with DISCOUNT!”

1. What makes Neck Massager so effective?

A．Its working methods.	B．Its well-designed look.
C．The 2 AAA batteries.	D．The long working time.

2. What does Pat Sullivan think of the device?

A．It is light.	B．It is oversized.
C．It is simple to use.	D．It is safe to operate.

3. How much will you have to pay if you buy one in March,2020?

A．£23.

B．£46.

C．£69.

D．£92.

9 . The sound that woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the morning was so loud he assumed it came from inside his house in Wade, Maine. As he got up to investigate, he heard another sound, this one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window, he noticed a tree enveloped in smoke about 500 yards away. A car wrapped around the tree's base, its engine on fire.

Grabbing buckets of water, he and his wife ran to the crash site. Up close, the accident looked worse. The car was split nearly in two, and the tree was where the driver's seat ought to have been, as if planted there. No one should have survived this crash, and yet there was 20- year-old Quintin Thompson, his terrified face pressed against the driver's side window, in visible pain.

Languell tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water but failed. When the flames got into the front seats, he knew he had to get the young man out. So Languell opened the car's back door and climbed in. Using a pocket knife he'd brought with him, he cut through Thompson's seat belt. Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him out, and dragged him to safety before the entire car was in flames.

It is empathy that drove Languell to help, just as he said, "My heart goes out to Thompson. When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so directly." For his heroic action, Languell was added to the list of real-life heroes changing the world.

1. Where was the first sound actually from?

A．A house on fire.	B．A car crash.
C．The bedroom window.	D．The basement.

2. What do we know about Quintin Thompson?

A．He saved his car from fire.	B．He was successfully rescued.
C．He remained calm all the time.	D．He was capable of helping himself out.

3. Which of the following best explains "empathy” underlined in the last paragraph?

A．Honesty.

B．Wisdom.

C．Sympathy.

D．Responsibility.

4. Which words can best describe Damian Languell?

A．Daring and generous.	B．Caring and grateful.
C．Courageous and noble.	D．Ambitious and reliable.

10 . Don’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.

Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park

PopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices change from $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.

144 School Street June 13-August 15   Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pm

The Crow’s Nest

Each summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.

2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29   Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pm

Bargetto Winery

Join us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies（美食家）at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main Street

July 20 - July 21     Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pm

Chaminade Resort & Spa

Chef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.

Chaminade Lane     July 26       Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm
1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?

A．It lasts two days.	B．It is held on Thursdays.
C．It has been held twice.	D．It can be paid in credit card.

2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?

A．Enjoy tacos.	B．Talk with artists and foodies.
C．Watch the sunrise on the beach.	D．Watch the performance of the bands.

3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?

A．The Crow's Nest.	B．Bargetto Winery.
C．Chaminade Resort & Spa.	D．Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.