1 . 假定你是李华，在美国旅游时，不小心把护照遗落在出租车上。司机William发现后在互联网上发布了消息，最后与你取得联系。请你用英语给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：
1. 简述事件经过；
2. 表达谢意。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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2 . 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk”, he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.

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3 . “Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.

With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.”

Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly, Adam Freedmam. I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话). I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group.

An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.

If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).

Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.

The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.

1. The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to ________.

A．introduce a topic	B．present an argument
C．describe the characters	D．clarify his writing purpose

2. In the author’s opinion, many people like to gossip because it ________.

A．gives them a feeling of pleasure

B．help them to make more friends

C．makes them better at telling stories

D．enables them to meet important people

3. Professor David Wilson think that gossip can ________.

A．provide students with written rules

B．help people watch their own behaviors

C．force school to improve student handbooks

D．attract the police’s attention to group behaviors

4. What advice does the author give in the passage?

A．Never become a gossiper	B．Stay away from gossipers
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies	D．Think twice before you gossip.

4 . The most important thing to keep in mind when deciding to serve another is that service expects no rewards. When you expect something in return, and are not serving out of the goodness of your heart, others will notice. Sure they’ll thank you.     1    

When you give from your heart, the real power of service comes into play. Serving is a great opportunity to strengthen your trust and respect for another, and for them to do the same to you. Not only do you feel great about helping out, but you build your relationship with them, and they will feel more willing to help you in the future.     2    

However, why is service so rarely seen these days?     3     Sure, living in this day and age does not leave us much time, and the last thing people want to do is more work. I'm too busy, there's too much work, or I don't have the time, ” may run through your head when you hear the word service, but the truth is the benefits are worth the sacrifice. Gandhi once said that, “The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others. ”     4     Some ideas of places you can serve are volunteer centers, nursing homes, boys and girls clubs, and so on. You can serve people as long as you want to.

    5     Although it does take some work, the benefits are more than worth the sacrifice. Not only do you feel better about making another's day a little less stressful, but you strengthen your relationship with them and they will be more willing to help you in the future.

A．It's a win-win situation.

B．Service is simple.

C．Overall, service and selflessly giving to others is very powerful and has many benefits.

D．And they will offer you worse service.

E．Service is a complex event.

F．The problem is, there's always an excuse not to serve.

G．But the service becomes more of a situation, “I’ll do this for you if you do this for me”.

5 . The most universal facial expression is the smile --its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. A smile says, " I like you. You make me happy

That's why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins.     1    

A baby’s. smile has the same effect. Have you ever been in a doctor's, waiting room and looked around at all the sad faces waiting impatiently. to be seen? There were six or seven patients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby. She sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little impatient about the long wait for service. The baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies,    2    . Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grand-children and then the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience     3    . Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice.

You don’t feel like smiling?     4    . If you are alone, force yourself to whistle or hum a tune or sing. Act as if you were already happy, and that will tend to make you happy.

Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill.    5    .To someone who has seen a dozen people frown or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds Especially when someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless that there is joy in the world.

A．He smiled back at the baby

B．Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.

C．Smile gets much easier with practice

D．So, naturally, we are glad to see them.

E．Well, force yourself to smile

F．We should give others a real smile, a smile that comes from within

G．The effect of a smile is powerful, even when it is unseen

6 . How to Overcome Social Anxiety

If you suffer from social anxiety, you will fear certain situations. In whatever situation your fear turns up, you will probably experience sweating, feeling your heart race or other symptoms of anxiety.     1     No matter what your symptoms are, there are things you can do to deal with social anxiety.

1. Relaxing muscles.

    2     It is impossible to feel both relaxed and anxious. For deep muscle relaxation, you will relax the major muscle groups of your body, beginning with your feet and working your way towards your head and face.

2. Breathing slowly.

Controlling your breathing when you are anxious is another good way to deal with your emotions. When you are anxious, your breath becomes faster and shallower.     3     If you learn to breathe more slowly and regularly through your nose, you will calm down.

3. Controlling your thoughts.

Faulty thinking is another feature of social anxiety.     4     So it is important to judge whether those thoughts are true. People with social anxiety always overestimate how badly others think of them. Keep in mind that your thoughts are only guesses about what others will think or what you will do.

4.     5    

Most people with social anxiety want to hide or run away from whatever they are afraid of. But by facing your anxiety instead, you will find that is usually something you can put up with. When using this method, focus on what is going on around you instead of what is going through your mind, and that should help you get out of those anxious thoughts.

Have you found any of the described methods useful? If you have other ways to cope with anxiety, don’t hesitate to share with us.

A．Facing your anxiety.

B．Practicing makes perfect.

C．There is no need to worry, though.

D．You will become even more easygoing as time goes by.

E．As a result, you feel more worried, bringing on more anxiety.

F．Physical relaxation is one of the best ways to remove anxious feelings.

G．Believing others are finding you wrong in some way is a bad way of thinking.

7 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. When did the woman move to the neighborhood?

A．Only a week ago.

B．About a month ago.

C．A few years ago.

2. Why did the man get to the woman’s house?

A．To introduce himself.

B．To repair some damage to her house.

C．To talk about the noise and garbage problem.

3. What is the man’s attitude toward the woman?

A．Angry and unreasonable.

B．Impatient and proud.

C．Kind and polite.

4. What would the woman probably do?

A．Ignore the man’s requests.

B．Try not to disturb her neighbors.

C．Let the man bring the garbage down.

8 . When a rather dirty, poorly-dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can't be no question that the world is full of terrible sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is coming from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.

Certainly, most of the world's great religions order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.

First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evils. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one's sense of pride and self-dependence.

Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.

It is hard to come to a conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.

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9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Today we visit a small museum in the American state of Maryland. It     1     (call) the National Cryptologic Museum (国家密码博物馆). There you will find information     2     was once secret.

The National Cryptology Museum is on Fort George G. Meade, a military base near Washington, DC.     3     tells not only the story of cryptology but also the men and women who have worked in this     4     (usual) profession.

The word cryptology comes     5     the Greek “kryptos logos” It means “hidden word” Cryptology is writing or communicating in ways     6     (design) to hide the meaning of your words.     7     museum has many examples of equipment that was once used to make information secret. It     8     has equipment that was developed to read secret messages. The method of     9     (hide) exact meanings is called coding. People have used secret     10     (code) throughout history to protect important information.

10 . How to say sorry and really mean it?     1     In fact, a study found that effective apologies are those that were accepted by the offended party and allowed both parties to move on with no unpleasantness. Here are a few key tips.

Wait, never hurry to apologize

Did you turn things around royally?     2     “Sometimes an immediate apology is called for,” says Antony Manstead, a professor of psychology at Cardiff University in Wales.

“But if the other party is angry at your previous wrong doing, it may be more effective to wait because their anger may prevent them from being receptive to an apology.”    3    

Explain, don’t excuse

Because admitting to being wrong is painful and can make people worried that they’re a bad person, they often water down their apology with excuses. For example, “I certainly apologize if I offended anyone” and “I’m very sorry,but in my defense ,you started it.”

    4     Giner-Sorolia says, “It uses the form of an apology-’I’m sorry’- but follows it up by shifting responsibility to the offended person, implying he or she is too sensitive.” “Don’t imply that the other person is wrong to feci upset or angry,” adds Mara Olekalns, a professor at Melbourne Business School.

Let your body do the talking

Experts agree that face-to-face apologies beat phoned-in, e-mailed, or handwritten ones. “Facial expressions, posture, and the tone of voice have all been shown to be important channels that convey sincerity when you express regret,” Giner-Sorolla says. “Anyone can type” “I feel really ashamed, but if you say it live, it’s obvious whether or not you mean it.

A phone call is second best: You’ll convey emotions with your voice and get instant feedback. E-mailed apologies aren’t perfect. They lack emotional connections.     5     “A victim can abuse written apologies and do harm to the apologizer.” Mullet says.

A．A little cool-off time could help.

B．That sort of apology has a name-a nonapology.

C．Is there more to saying sorry than just saying “sorry”?

D．Tliere is nothing worse in these situations than sincere apologies.

E．Once you’ve typed them, the receivers can forward them to anyone.

F．Being a victim does not automatically transform a person into a good person.

G．Therefore, the best time to apologize is when one feels ready to sincerely apologize.