1 . They caused the first wound, but you are causing the rest; this is what not forgiving does. They got it started but you keep it going. Forgive and let it go, or it will eat you alive. You think they made you feel this way, but when you don’t forgive, you are the one creating the pain on yourself.

Whatever you do — don’t wait to forgive someone until they apologize, ask for your forgiveness or even admit they have harmed you. If you are waiting for someone to admit they have hurt you, you could be waiting forever and it puts them in the power position, where you need something from them to move forward in your own life.

Forgiveness has nothing to do with how wrong someone else was; no matter how wrong they are, when you forgive a person, you break the ties with their ill deeds that keep you in pain. Forgiving breaks the unhealthy bonds between you and the one who hurt you, and redefines you as an independent victor in your own life. Whether they accept their responsibility or not, you are no longer dependent on their participation for your healing (治愈). You can forgive them, and you can then move on. Boundaries are an essential part of forgiveness.

It is easy to hold a grudge (记仇). It is easy to blame. But these experiences are a lasting role of a powerless victim (受害者). When you hold grudges the victimization continues.

It takes emotional bravery to forgive. It takes a huge determination toward self-care to let go of painful past events and not let them identify your future. There is no self-love without forgiveness, and there is no forgiveness without self-love. Forgiving others may be the ultimate act of self-love. Through forgiveness you can protect yourself from suffering from the lapses made by others.

1. According to the author, if you don’t forgive, you’ll _____.

A．suffer further	B．keep your pride
C．become stronger	D．receive an apology

2. What does the author think of the degree of harm others do to you?

A．It counts a great deal.	B．It is tied to you firmly.
C．It is nothing important.	D．It decides whether you forgive.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“lapses”in the last paragraph?

A．decisions	B．mistakes
C．contributions	D．apologies

4. What’s the purpose of the author in writing the text?

A．To advise us not to blame others.

B．To tell us it is difficult to forgive others.

C．To tell us the importance of forgiving others.

D．To advise us to learn to forgive others for self-love.

2 . Everybody wants to hang out with fun people. Nobody wants to be classified as “boring”. It’s just that some of us need a little help in this department. Being fun to hang out with fun people starts with developing healthy self-esteem (自尊) , an adventurous spirit, and a kind personality.     1    .

Be confident.     2    . Before you even begin trying to become a fun person, you have to believe you can be a fun person. Nothing is wrong with believing in yourself, and it’s looked up to but never looked down on. Most confident people have insecurities.

Show interest. Listen and show kindness to others during conversation. If people think they can talk to you about anything, they’ll invite you to hang out more often.     3    . If you ignore people or always talk about yourself, they won’t invite you anymore.

    4    . Focus on the positive aspects of your life, what you are looking forward to, or what you want to do. We all know that sadness needs company, but if you are unhappy all the time, others won’t want to hang out with you.

Smile. Looking the part of a fun person is half the battle, and it’s not even really much of a battle because once you get the hang of it, smiling just becomes a reflex, and an attractive one at that.

Learn how to “hang out”.     5     . Some people like to just sit around casually, watch TV, play games, or just talk. For others, hanging out can mean doing interesting activities outside the home. Figure out what your friends consider hanging out to be and then tailor your interests to that crowd.

A．Be positive

B．Hold the conversation

C．Don’t control the conversation

D．Have a healthy sense of self or good self-esteem

E．Hanging out means the same thing to every person

F．All of this will make you an ideal person to hang out with

G．Hanging out can mean different things to different people

3 . When you are communication, you spend nearly 60% of your time listening to other people, but most people only remember 25% of what they hear.     1    

Be more present. When you are listening to someone, put everything else aside and give your full attention to the person. Make sure you keep eye contact with the person at all times.

    2     When you are listening to another person, try to think what they might be feeling or going through at that very moment. Sympathy for others can allow you to imagine yourself in the situation from the person's angle and see what you can learn from the discussion.

Ask more questions. Being a good listener doesn't just mean that you sit quietly and let the other person speak.     3     The more interested you are in what the person is saying, the better the conversation will be. The key is to let questions carry forward the conversation and to leave enough room for the person to continue talking.

Train your emotional intelligence. Your emotional intelligence influences your ability to listen to other people.     4     Learn to understand your own emotions, both negative and positive. Be aware of your reactions when you are listening to someone.

Make a note of the conversation.     5     You need to think about the key message of the discussion, and analyse what you and the other person have learned from it. So making an internal note of the conversation can help you further improve your listening as well as communication skills as a whole.

A．Try to think carefully.

B．Be in sympathy with the person.

C．The good news is that you can train it.

D．So why can't most people be great listeners?

E．You also need to inquire about something meaningful.

F．So what can you do to listen more and become a great listener?

G．When you finish the discussion, don't move on to the next thing immediately.

4 . Talking to someone on a train, bus, or subway can be risky yet exciting, as you never know when they’re going to get off. Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward.     1    

Make eye contact. Making brief eye contact can show the persons that you’re interested and help you judge whether they are interested in you. Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze (注视) for just a second or two.    2    If they meet your gaze, it’s likely positive. If they look away quickly or appear disinterested, it’s probably best not to approach.

Smile at the persons. If you’ve successfully met their gaze, smile at them.

    3    If they smile back, you’re likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.

If you want to start a conversation with the persons, smiling is a great way to get somebody’s attention.

    4    Make a point to appear open, comfortable and available. Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture (姿势). Don’t cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off or disinterested.

Approach the persons to start talking to them.     5    If you’re far away, move closer. You should be a comfortable distance where you can hear each other yet not feel awkward if the conversation doesn’t work out.

A．Use open body language.

B．Mind your manners while talking.

C．Notice how they respond to your gaze.

D．Don’t worry because you can follow some tips that make you smile.

E．Once you’ve read that the persons are interested in chatting, make a move.

F．A small but sincere smile makes you appear interested, friendly and approachable.

G．Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips.

5 . When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.

Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation (调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.

The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns — such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.

The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.

“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict — reflecting on how one might feel a year from now — may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.

1. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements?

A．They lose faith in their future.	B．They focus on their present feelings.
C．They look forward to a fierce conflict.	D．They care more about financial problems.

2. What does the underlined word “induced” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean？

A．Caused.	B．Explained.
C．Reduced.	D．Improved.

3. What do we know about the study?

A．All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.

B．Study participants described their recent relationship with their romantic partners or friends.

C．A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants’ use of negative words.

D．The reasoning strategies in participants’ written responses were well worthy of note.

4. What can be the best title of the text?

A．You have a year to solve your interpersonal problems!

B．Thinking about future is essential for relationship maintenance!

C．Your current feelings are the real cause of your heated arguments!

D．Beneficial reasoning is a positive strategy for reconciliation!

7 . No matter what profession or occupation you hold you will need to work with others to meet your goals. Group work is a great way to showcase your own skills while getting help from your teammates in areas where you might not be as strong.     1    

Clarify the team expectations so everyone is on the same page.     2     It’s likely that each teammate has a different idea about what’s expected of them, as well as what everyone else needs to be doing. It’s essential that the team discuss these expectations and agree on one universal list of expectations that everyone will follow.

    3     No one likes a teammate who barely contributes to the project. Take on an equal part of the work, and speak up if you realize you aren’t doing your fair share. Not only will your group mates appreciate your work ethic, it will show your supervisor or instructor that you’re a good team player.

Direct your concern toward the problem, not your teammates. Don’t accuse or blame anyone on your team for causing the conflict, even if you believe they did.     4     Have your team work through conflict, using it to their benefit.

Focus on the success of the group, not your personal success. When you’re on a team, everyone’s success depends on each member working toward a common goal.     5     Keep your focus on your team’s success, and your own success will follow.

A．Make sure you do an equal share of the work.

B．Volunteer to take on extra work when necessary.

C．Treat the team’s accomplishments as a group success.

D．Our guide will show you how to boost your teamwork skills.

E．State the issue you’re having, then listen to what everyone has to say.

F．Instead, keep all of your comments focused on the issue and how your team can solve it.

G．This can include explaining the expectations or asking questions if you find them unclear.

8 . Helping others is not only good for them but a good thing to do. It also makes us happier and healthier too. Giving also connects us to others, creating stronger communities and helping to build a happier society for everyone. So if you want to feel good, do good!

Doing things for others-whether small, unplanned acts or regular volunteering—is a powerful way to increase our own happiness as well of those around us. The people we help may be strangers, family, friends, colleagues or neighbors. They can be old or young, nearby or far away.

Giving isn’t just about money, so you don’t need to be rich. Giving to others can be as simple as a single kind word, smile or a thoughtful gesture. It can include giving time, energy, care, skills, thought or attention. Sometimes these mean as much, if not more, than financial gifts.

Scientific studies show that helping others boosts happiness. It increases life satisfaction, provides a sense of meaning, increases feelings of ability, improves our mood and reduces stress. It can help to take our minds off our own troubles too.

Kindness towards others is the glue which connects individual happiness with wider community and social wellbeing. Giving to others helps us connect with people and meets one of our basic human needs-relatedness.

Kindness seems to be contagious (传染性的). When we see someone do something kind or thoughtful, or we are on the receiving end of kindness, it inspires us to be kinder ourselves. In this way, kindness spreads from one person to the next, influencing the behavior of people who never saw the original act. Kindness really is the key to creating a happier, more trusting local community.

1. Why can giving help to build a happier society?

A．It can bring confidence.	B．It can connect us to others.
C．It can make us healthy.	D．It can make us rich.

2. What can we infer from paragraph 4?

A．Helping others makes our trouble disappear forever.

B．We feel more content with life by helping others.

C．Helping others removes a sense of meaning.

D．We feel no stress by helping others.

3. What is more important to build a better local community?

A．Kindness.

B．Health.

C．Happiness.

D．Wealth.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Helping others is good for ourselves.	B．We should learn to give.
C．Helping others matters.	D．Kindness is a good virtue.

9 . Having to deal with a rejection can be extremely difficult. But something that many people find even more difficult is to be the one who has to reject. Sometimes we accept out of politeness, in other cases because we simply don’t know in what possible way to say no.     1     So why not learn how to politely decline a request and save a lot of time and nerves? It’s time to stop being everybody’s darling!

Saying “no” in a proper way is quite difficult.     2     So, whenever a person makes a demand on us, we will have to decide either to accept or reject it based on whether we like it, feel comfortable with it or not. If you like it you accept it.     3    

But due to the fact that we are no robots, it is not easy for us to make a decision based on whether we just like something or not.     4     In many cases, social factors affect our willingness to say “no”, whenever we fear to hurt the other person’s feelings.

Anytime you say “yes” when you know that you should have said “no”, no matter whether you rationalize (使合理化) it as a sign of friendship or kindness, in the end, it doesn’t change the fact that you have agreed to do something you absolutely do not want to do. That’s just because you don’t want to give others a reason to think negatively of you or believe that they will quit the friendship when you’re not doing everything they demand.     5     And no true friend will quit the friendship with you, just because you aren’t willing to do a favor in a given situation.

A．If you don’t like it you just say “no” and reject it.

B．You can finally live the life the way you want it to.

C．As a result, we always end up with amounts of extra work.

D．It might help to see the situation just as emotionless as a robot.

E．Would you clearly express that you will not be able to do the extra work?

F．There will always be other factors that highly influence our decision-making process.

G．But actually a real friend will try to get his life straight without taking advantage of you.