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解题方法
1 . 在直角坐标系xOy中,已知直线l过点
倾斜角为
且![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1c05ed7391864f6b523a13c9e2575987.png)
(1)以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,求点M关于曲线
R)的对称点的极坐标;
(2)已知点A,B分别是直线l与x,y轴的交点,求
的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5ee0c84b869ec66cc7a67e4695a3fd4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/225a9825139eb64fe9f84cfeffe63eec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1c05ed7391864f6b523a13c9e2575987.png)
(1)以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,求点M关于曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e95392784e013fc1a5a9001b6d7643c1.png)
(2)已知点A,B分别是直线l与x,y轴的交点,求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/13c54cd0878ea19f3ae4d35348c04e7f.png)
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3卷引用:贵阳第一中学2022届5月高三高考适应性月考卷(八)数学(文)试题
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2 . 在平面直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C1的参数方程为
(
为参数).以坐标原点为极点,以x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线
的普通方程和曲线
的直角坐标方程.
(2)若
与
交于A,B两点,求
的面积.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/951adc260ac760987c25fd4cd2c2188d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0716101a319ddc14f275df5e3aa19f5.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
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5卷引用:贵州省贵阳市第六中学2022届高三一模数学(文)试题
3 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),曲线
,以坐标原点
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.
(1)求曲线
的普通方程和曲线
的极坐标方程;
(2)若曲线
与曲线
,
分别交于
,
两点,求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f954d49b404da11388a3e9fcaf539.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bdce9813dd373037c81d62535e67be18.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)若曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c2685d91f8404a4c48dfe990b6cde67e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/084cf5ffced059f5653ee2a1023518b7.png)
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5卷引用:贵州省毕节市2022届高三下学期诊断性考试(三)数学(文)试题
4 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,以
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.已知曲线
的极坐标方程为
,
.
(1)直接写出曲线
的直角坐标方程,若以
为参数,写出曲线
的参数方程;
(2)若点
在曲线
上,且点
到点
的距离为
,求点
到原点
的距离.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e0cb878349009a779d94b1bc40319bb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/211ead7b4685ef34e3dc991e533d11c0.png)
(1)直接写出曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)若点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2cc46f09a8c079e2916af98bb2f96f84.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a7ffe8515ff6183c1c7775dc6f94bdb8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
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5 . 在极点为O的极坐标系中,经过点
的直线l与极轴所成角为
,且与极轴的交点为N.
(1)当
时,求l的极坐标方程;
(2)当
时,求
面积的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2bed13223845ffedbdb50c97a6227934.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
(1)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1676b17f3641daf630f709517d22d120.png)
(2)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36324a218b9298b078629f702e8adad5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4f02028a3847c4807c2d3cf0ea7efb8.png)
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贵州省遵义市2022届高三第三次统一考试数学(理)试题贵州省遵义市2022届高三第三次统一考试数学(文)试题(已下线)押全国卷(文科)第22题 坐标系与参数方程-备战2022年高考数学(文)临考题号押题(全国卷)(已下线)文科数学-2022年高考考前20天终极冲刺攻略(四)(6月3日)(已下线)考向45坐标系与参数方程(重点)-1
6 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,已知曲线
与曲线
(
为参数),以坐标原点O为极点,
轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.
(1)写出曲线
、
的极坐标方程;
(2)在极坐标系中,已知射线
:
(
),
,若
与
、
的公共点分别为
、
,求
的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7795aec93c2c7ac2fd93e6747ca6516c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a55e67ae5ccd06b409b0aefc03be8e7f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a1cdc07f4e0e90b04d69f15613c0d81e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6581916f5a65edfea257c804efee007e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(1)写出曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)在极坐标系中,已知射线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/17f5d2e8186f0173d7862b1d39fb3dc2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7026315511e1afd55a97b5278b0dd2cc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/497e43425056efa33f94f2d30a9b1d29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/71d76e2fd46060bc0124d911379473f0.png)
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7 . 在直角坐标系
中,直线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数).
(1)求直线
和曲线
的普通方程;
(2)已知点
,若直线
与曲线
交于
,
两点,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c3af34890fd63b3d4567c025f86790d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e59dc051dc44914c66b4e8a4d1b72093.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
(1)求直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a5f1b6f209d1a805437046ca6ef79dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7384b9afcef2d86a87eee0c66f383052.png)
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7卷引用:贵州省普通高等学校招生2022届高三全国统一模拟测试数学(理)试题
8 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,曲线C1的参数方程为
(
为参数,
),以坐标原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C2的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线C1的普通方程与曲线C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)设C1与C2的公共点分别为A,B,
,求a的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef9b0740f3e016649a410089d8f44797.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94440d3e4c073f94f2b266ff99d50e74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/925b34a1e7a48f450d883f9a0197e5c9.png)
(1)求曲线C1的普通方程与曲线C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)设C1与C2的公共点分别为A,B,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/baeb4de7664c194d10373d23e9852d9d.png)
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9 . 如图,某“京剧脸谱”的轮廓曲线C由曲线C1和C2围成.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,C1的参数方程为
(t为参数,且
).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,C2的极坐标方程为
(
).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/8/2953921118093312/2954543126118400/STEM/599d2a6f-ebfc-49e2-bd98-f5026cefd74f.png?resizew=142)
(1)求C1的普通方程和C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
,
,OA⊥OB.当Rt△OAB的面积最大时,求点P到直线AB距离的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fd6bc2cc6f19f3f6eeccc62c3bfd9db.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c7bf787cc8423e3e206b3a6cd2ba420.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/266ab53d09de4ee05eb6bc616a0afb09.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/278c6f21492d19ebee1a938560b91511.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/8/2953921118093312/2954543126118400/STEM/599d2a6f-ebfc-49e2-bd98-f5026cefd74f.png?resizew=142)
(1)求C1的普通方程和C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7414a224681fe7bd364cf8eda7a8c09c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6dc844ddd27d4a04fac665a84b055b50.png)
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6卷引用:贵州省普通高等学校招生2022届高三适应性测试数学(理)试题
贵州省普通高等学校招生2022届高三适应性测试数学(理)试题贵州省普通高等学校招生2022届高三适应性测试数学(文)试题黑龙江哈尔滨市第一二二中学2022届高三第三次模拟考试理科数学试题(已下线)押全国卷(理科)第22题 坐标系与参数方程-备战2022年高考数学(理)临考题号押题(全国卷)(已下线)安徽省江南十校2022届高三下学期3月一模理科数学试题变式题21-23(已下线)1.5 平面上的距离(练习)-高二数学同步精品课堂(苏教版2019选择性必修第一册)
10 . 以直角坐标系的原点O为极点,x轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.已知曲线C的参数方程为
(t为参数),直线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)已知点
在曲线C上,求a的值;
(2)设点P为曲线C上一点,求点P到直线
距离的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2089421209780d77e4d8a8561f6b3b63.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/77df63a7a5fd69b9a1f927df574a7b89.png)
(1)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d12a0002938a751af65f3059fd65492.png)
(2)设点P为曲线C上一点,求点P到直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
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