名校
解题方法
1 . 对于椭圆
,令
,
,那么在坐标系
中,椭圆经伸缩变换得到了单位圆
,在这样的伸缩变换中,有些几何关系保持不变,例如点、直线、曲线的位置关系以及点分线段的比等等;而有些几何量则等比例变化,例如任何封闭图形在变换后的面积变为原先的
,由此我们可以借助圆的几何性质处理一些椭圆的问题.
(1)在原坐标系中斜率为k的直线l,经过
,
的伸缩变换后斜率变为
,求k与
满足的关系;
(2)设动点P在椭圆
上,过点P作椭圆
的切线,与椭圆
交于点Q,R,再过点Q,R分别作椭圆
的切线交于点S,求点S的轨迹方程;
(3)点
)在椭圆
上,求椭圆上点B,C的坐标,使得△ABC的面积取最大值,并求出该最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d8429aec72d26401b12a55b8337261df.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/070cb835e194f9bb99aba9daf58bd2b3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50443405ab95a95149c68f59f96619de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/863b5f9f0a7c6b7956979a5abc76d8d8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e08c4a230e32f550374a5fa4db5f204.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/848d4055ca831ecde46d1b666ba9e33d.png)
(1)在原坐标系中斜率为k的直线l,经过
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/070cb835e194f9bb99aba9daf58bd2b3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50443405ab95a95149c68f59f96619de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fbc8ced3660dab6e343773fd9dccebc3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fbc8ced3660dab6e343773fd9dccebc3.png)
(2)设动点P在椭圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/841307fdcdbbccacd07b652db535631f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce30fc0664cca88dbe6d38f32aee81e6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd76519af3c3a098a590ad302acc003b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6aaafb050b24c4e806c480e0665aaa5a.png)
(3)点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad492d5033448d419df9c9b75a71894e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/271e595c257e4c0ade90a9bbbf0e6b0d.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
名校
2 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,设
是椭圆
上的一个动点.
(1)写出椭圆的参数方程;
(2)求
的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aee82283f06cedef32eb15b87964f5d2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc603fea876cbf85b1efcb5bab0d500f.png)
(1)写出椭圆的参数方程;
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9c7a6dbedbf506b3d12c436a93d09aa2.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
3 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,圆
的参数方程为
(
为参数),以坐标原点
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线
的极坐标方程是
.
(1)求圆
的普通方程和直线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)若直线
与圆
交于
两点,且
,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e82682bc0a720b0a5596046871ba794.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ddfdb4bd7054e6bd935fc501c5ae89b5.png)
(1)求圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(2)若直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/699fc9b7e879af4866aaa07848dfb423.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2024-03-21更新
|
436次组卷
|
5卷引用:河南省南阳市西峡县第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次调研测试数学试卷
名校
4 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,已知直线
,曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数).以原点
为极点,
轴正半轴为极轴,建立极坐标系,直线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线
和直线
的极坐标方程;
(2)若直线
与曲线
分别交于
两点,直线
与曲线
分别交于
两点,求
的面积.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a03ae8e1a02bbfdf25103dfe24acf42b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a1b9e6d0457b48516b160af950adf49.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c11408ee929a4c7cc49cfbf661f7a9da.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
(2)若直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f9cda46e575acf64941ea0964b89ee99.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ffc62c28c53286cd17e9eb997af7221.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
5 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,直线
的参数方程为
(
为参数).以坐标原点为极点,以
轴的正半轴为极轴,建立极坐标系,曲线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求直线
的普通方程及曲线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知点
,若直线
与曲线
相交于不同的两点
,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/84abf2649f31d5d1602870166cb6f651.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b50284cd3c7ba28ec7e0b6f39f56e029.png)
(1)求直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e9b5e076078240e0c5ad9763a9824d3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/063f4f4ce1d9822e9d5144ca0fc83979.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
6 . 在直角坐标系中,以原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知曲线
,过点
的直线l的参数方程为:
(t为参数),直线l与曲线C分别交于M、N两点.
(1)写出曲线C的直角坐标方程和直线l的普通方程;
(2)若
,
,
成等比数列,求a的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/02e412513ea16cb2e04d64df45ccc816.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e262b7599fda82ae392ac10df97feff0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/52c4414cdb15bce1caa186b5170097b9.png)
(1)写出曲线C的直角坐标方程和直线l的普通方程;
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d341082cc54b1cb7a790af9ec4a365d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/084cf5ffced059f5653ee2a1023518b7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de86d9c0675d246a280f6b71a68aaf9d.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
7 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,曲线C的参数方程为
(m为参数),在以原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴的极坐标系中,直线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线C和直线
普通方程;
(2)设点
,直线
和C交于M,N两点,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d857f026ed622e679537e8bf9d467665.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9c20694fea5faebe23874733443fb761.png)
(1)求曲线C和直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(2)设点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/047dc9197ab1c690c7bd8cd3daa74281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c7c6e79462cfb604dd045ac30fce944f.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
8 . 已知极坐标系的极点与平面直角坐标系的原点重合, 极轴与
轴的正半轴重合,圆
的极坐标方程为
,点
的极坐标为
.
(1)求点
的直角坐标及圆
的参数方程;
(2)已知直线
过点
,求圆心
到直线
的最大距离.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c2615e613b4725af3e5b330e860a3834.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/18b4d355674c696253cc8edbbf335684.png)
(1)求点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)已知直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
9 . 在极坐标系中,已知
,
,求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37adb11c8fecc111c40593b93b8b53ed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d9ec99592cc060375c68b84ad1a6238.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2401bc9c26cc3b0b8384c7139bd58fff.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
10 . 在直角坐标系
中,直线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数).
(1)将曲线
的参数方程转化为普通方程;
(2)若直线
与曲线
相交于
两点,试求线段
的长.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dc9415da6ab92c98d2e8dce0fdcd1f56.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01ef09d524897bd8ea496d82bd24820e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
(1)将曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)若直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e52586ca2a3b783bc8092415e2d4bf6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
您最近一年使用:0次