1 . 如图,某“京剧脸谱”的轮廓曲线C由曲线C1和C2围成.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,C1的参数方程为
(t为参数,且
).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,C2的极坐标方程为
(
).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/8/2953921118093312/2954543126118400/STEM/599d2a6f-ebfc-49e2-bd98-f5026cefd74f.png?resizew=142)
(1)求C1的普通方程和C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
,
,OA⊥OB.当Rt△OAB的面积最大时,求点P到直线AB距离的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fd6bc2cc6f19f3f6eeccc62c3bfd9db.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c7bf787cc8423e3e206b3a6cd2ba420.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/266ab53d09de4ee05eb6bc616a0afb09.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/278c6f21492d19ebee1a938560b91511.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/4/8/2953921118093312/2954543126118400/STEM/599d2a6f-ebfc-49e2-bd98-f5026cefd74f.png?resizew=142)
(1)求C1的普通方程和C2的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7414a224681fe7bd364cf8eda7a8c09c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6dc844ddd27d4a04fac665a84b055b50.png)
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2 . 在平面直角坐标系
中.直线
(t为参数,
为l的倾斜角.
)以坐标原点O为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,圆
,直线l与圆C交于M.N两点.
(1)若直线l的斜率
,求弦MN的中点Q的直角坐标与弦长
的值;
(2)若点
.证明:对任意
,有
为定值.并求出这个定值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d93809af9f575753664939d93d3515e1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e6b60aec15207d0c144c94f2ec428c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a8f06e3cb3d28fba293a21e7c4411e6.png)
(1)若直线l的斜率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8e69866076dcff686a05e9e91e61e68.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/084cf5ffced059f5653ee2a1023518b7.png)
(2)若点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04eab53049ad5fa477be1958e5141629.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79188647c574441c2414c3781a0ef543.png)
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3 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),曲线
的方程为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/28c8bdaa5a80c2dbd54c37af456064e3.png)
以
为极点,
轴非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系.
(1)求曲线
和
的极坐标方程;
(2)已知射线
与曲线
交于
、
两点,将射线
绕极点逆时针方向旋转
得到射线
,射线
与曲线
交于
、
两点,当
取何值时,
的面积最大,并求
面积的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cbcf6f85690daf16ec3928834bc1f3b7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/28c8bdaa5a80c2dbd54c37af456064e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bc98f87c561c55f024d66c715c56bcd5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)已知射线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/445bb317c68b6270bae9fe19a2a16c2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d88591679796c52024d11c4de641bdb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
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4 . 以原点
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,在极坐标系中,点
,直线l垂直直线AB,曲线C的极坐标方程为
,
(1)求曲线C的直角坐标方程及直线l的倾斜角;
(2)直线l过点P(
),与曲线C分别交于M,N,若
成等比数列,求a的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b78df549e57a591661f605f0737f4304.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fa35c6b0aef0336abefd1f23c5f86af8.png)
(1)求曲线C的直角坐标方程及直线l的倾斜角;
(2)直线l过点P(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f34d40da5fb1509ba8568ec4a9856e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8796e80d8e985e0824f4727059e6333.png)
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5 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线C的参数方程为
(
为参数),以坐标原点O为极点,x轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线C的极坐标方程;
(2)设直线l与曲线C相交于点A,B,求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2212d4a947baec07b6ab285ba33a3587.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0bb6fd183ef336fa9bbb464a0da1776a.png)
(1)求曲线C的极坐标方程;
(2)设直线l与曲线C相交于点A,B,求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d8b00e12efcea8de895ec997eb8f95d.png)
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解题方法
6 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),以
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求直线
的直角坐标方程以及曲线
的普通方程;
(2)若点
的直角坐标是
,直线
与曲线
交于
,
两点,求
的面积.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0c128fed279bad6d095b94d773127e2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/408f6772048bb09cafdf691e3307bc82.png)
(1)求直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)若点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed1a65d88f9823d49da8f3b96ea9ec6f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2205cffebf8c4d5f81d15ed7b85c8936.png)
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7 . 已知直线l的参数方程为
(t为参数),以坐标原点为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为
,且曲线C的左焦点F在直线l上.
(1)求直线l的极坐标方程;
(2)若直线l与曲线C交于A,B两点,线段
的中点为M,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd9ce24c6b8942066a287ac66666434e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530017b65a936c82075843d563583762.png)
(1)求直线l的极坐标方程;
(2)若直线l与曲线C交于A,B两点,线段
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/042e8044f8d03c6c362477ff15f24cd0.png)
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8 . 已知平面直角坐标系中,曲线
,直线
,直线
,以坐标原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴,建立坐标系.
(1)写出曲线C的参数方程以及直线
的极坐标方程:
(2)若直线
与曲线C分别交于O,A两点,直线
与曲线C分别交于O,B两点,求
的面积.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48cc7aee75cc2b97639c5139abf96c0a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a03ae8e1a02bbfdf25103dfe24acf42b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a9252f3d6c345c6f83f40e37476380e2.png)
(1)写出曲线C的参数方程以及直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/44434b647ec546fe787e2164e0be6cd2.png)
(2)若直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/866b81a8384cce4f24867baca2e6820c.png)
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名校
9 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,以原点为极点,
轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,点
的极坐标分别为
,圆
以
为直径,直线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求圆
及直线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)圆
经过伸缩变换
得到曲线
,已知点
为曲线
上的任意一点,求点
到直线
距离的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8201c65a2370dc6a5b69199d4bf42679.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5fc4a285776a108ec39304662292c4b0.png)
(1)求圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(2)圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09159daea508d4e4f1bb1ee4d2238a7d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
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10 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线C的参数方程为
,(
为参数).以坐标原点为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程为
.
(1)若直线l与曲线C有公共点,求m的取值范围;
(2)已知点
,直线l与曲线C交于A,B两点,若
,求m的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e82682bc0a720b0a5596046871ba794.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9253b73cda968ced2bf0a3a13657e57.png)
(1)若直线l与曲线C有公共点,求m的取值范围;
(2)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/890f8ef45b5966b088affe0fd58f546e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db31a93386e881ce45ca1f63d865bcdf.png)
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397次组卷
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3卷引用:河南省豫北重点高中2021-2022学年高三下学期4月份模拟考试文科数学试题