名校
解题方法
1 . 南宋的数学家杨辉“善于把已知形状、大小的几何图形的求面积,体积的连续量问题转化为求离散变量的垛积问题”.在他的专著《详解九章算法·商功》中,杨辉将堆垛与相应立体图形作类比,推导出了三角垛、方垛、刍薨垛、刍童垛等的公式. 如图,“三角垛”的最上层有1个球,第二层有3个球,第三层有6个球……第
层球数比第
层球数多
,设各层球数构成一个数列
.
的通项公式;
(2)求
的最小值;
(3)若数列
满足
,对于
,证明:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a0876215b2fd463d151523cd3c6b447.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a0876215b2fd463d151523cd3c6b447.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fba64e33de2e9b26c3ecd485a99df0bc.png)
(3)若数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f329b217e1051b23f0d61023cdc6e69.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/538f7dd59772ba33a6fbb271893b1720.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/930bc56406e69b785b37a83d48e36724.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b947eaa62fc4796c9751afbd85f9681.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
名校
2 . 英国物理学家牛顿在《流数法与无穷级数》一书中,给出了高次代数方程的一种数值解法—牛顿法.如图,具体做法如下:先在x轴找初始点
,然后作
在点
处的切线,切线与x轴交于点
,再作
在点
处的切线,切线与x轴交于点
,再作
在点
处的切线,以此类推,直到求得满足精度的近似解
为止.
已知
,在横坐标为
的点处作
的切线,切线与
轴交点的横坐标为
,继续牛顿法的操作得到数列
.
的通顶公式;
(2)若数列
的前
项和为
,且对任意的
,满足
,求整数
的最小值.
(参考数据:
,
,
,
)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9df2062940530232ab124a571e951ed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/942c2141d01bde6b48210c56a17fc75e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d27c0ab3e2d7698f082854bafe4174dc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2fb652143b43cc9439a347b2b1dc5cf6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/942c2141d01bde6b48210c56a17fc75e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6cc47735cc385a3474bc1dabad322304.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/367304824e7eb354ffeb937fa209d80d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/942c2141d01bde6b48210c56a17fc75e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ec72ed76ec0fb772544a0c6ba0b88e7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db1961eb75c093584f2b63763ef8fee9.png)
已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93eb7f6b803ac8e1e3b9def53134f966.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87a60302649eb940748da818199e55da.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aec19b68e3add9d5bfcc6269a1855b87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e976c0663fa749ca749f99842d21ca03.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e976c0663fa749ca749f99842d21ca03.png)
(2)若数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4785ee9337c71c6618aa974c6bb9a21a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48f093c61867ee4ce75f951d46b9b123.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e854662d424309991f86678df32fb0c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
(参考数据:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3bf7c943a75895140801523c1184ed8c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/539ae63efa6aab52e5b6a4190c684ab9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/17e3b17aa93b9ff98c93f7d097b8c38d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41a5e288e8c07edfb9ad3c5f0f322fcc.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
3 . 欧拉是十八世纪数学界最杰出的人物之一,他不但在数学上作出伟大贡献,而且把数学用到了几乎整个物理领域,为纪念欧拉的成就,函数
就是以其名字命名的,称为欧拉函数.人教A版新教材选择性必修二第8页指出:欧拉函数
的函数值等于所有不超过正整数
,且与
互素的正整数个数.欧拉函数有很多性质,比如欧拉函数是积性函数,即如果
互素,则
.请计算数列
的前
项和![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04c2864e2ec3416cc4c081ac1f71a0af.png)
______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce7cc0ad7521b5771950aea983f0c1c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/68029b81376ff52f9bda95868b92767d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/280860dd039e1305a5ccc455f63e8223.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a352160d345635d4b22b74d160fd4a72.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/091237511a1f6d40eba96f76a0b71ce5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04c2864e2ec3416cc4c081ac1f71a0af.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
4 . 当前,全球新一轮科技革命和产业变革蓬勃发展,汽车与能源、交通、信息通信等领域有关技术加速融合,电动化、网联化、智能化成为汽车产业的发展潮流和趋势.某车企为转型升级,从2024年起大力发展新能源汽车,2024年全年预计生产新能源汽车10万辆,每辆车的利润为2万元.假设后续的几年中,经过车企关键核心技术的不断突破和受众购买力的提升,每年新能源汽车的产量都比前一年增加
(假设每年生产的新能源汽车都能销售出去),每辆车的利润都比前一年增加2000元,则至2030年年底,该汽车集团销售新能源汽车的总利润约为( )参考数据:
,结果精确到0.1)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57f9fd62e62750b30638385031737f89.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7eaa551a3fa1c985f607e602e5b3b26c.png)
A.320.5亿元 | B.353.8亿元 | C.363.2亿元 | D.283.8亿元 |
您最近一年使用:0次
5 . 随着大数据时代来临,数据传输安全问题引起了人们的高度关注,国际上常用的数据加密算法通常有AES、DES、RSA等,不同算法密钥长度也不同,其中RSA的密钥长度较长,用于传输敏感数据.在密码学领域,欧拉函数是非常重要的,其中最著名的应用就是在RSA加密算法中的应用.设p,q是两个正整数,若p,q的最大公约数是1,则称p,q互素.对于任意正整数n,欧拉函数是不超过n且与n互素的正整数的个数,记为
.
(1)试求
,
的值;
(2)设p,q是两个不同的素数,试用p,k表示
(
),并探究
与
和
的关系;
(3)设数列
的通项公式为
(
),求该数列的前m项的和
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbc89a53c03cb86fb653bb82128f6cba.png)
(1)试求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5a7d43c99d28e662488e7a24565de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8f8e13f7ae4d60e17a6d1fcf0d45f9b4.png)
(2)设p,q是两个不同的素数,试用p,k表示
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6e7e6246e82271f5484bbfb9d6ea1b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7399fcd570d1de4057f2059759d18cc9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/647a247eba3658ab991c7f88f877f3b1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/233ae3d4719641e1e59495b1a3de2a2b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21a64a56b890d3af540ac6c9711b07c1.png)
(3)设数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab0949542bb170f781500b06ba215979.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f29c06a3e9a73e905eb87d71efa201c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f7e74be91bfe4bc209da7539dbf9b72c.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
6 . 南宋的数学家杨辉“善于把已知形状、大小的几何图形的求面积,体积的连续量问题转化为求离散变量的垛积问题”.在他的专著《详解九章算法·商功》中,杨辉将堆垛与相应立体图形作类比,推导出了三角垛、方垛、刍薨垛、刍童垛等的公式.如图,“三角垛”的最上层有1个球,第二层有3个球,第三层有6个球……第
层球数是第n层球数与
的和,设各层球数构成一个数列
.
的通项公式;
(2)证明:当
时,![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2cbad207743c20091cdc5e2114184a01.png)
(3)若数列
满足
,对于
,证明:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a0876215b2fd463d151523cd3c6b447.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a0876215b2fd463d151523cd3c6b447.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
(2)证明:当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08115d6d9f876dea921a4d32260ff1fb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2cbad207743c20091cdc5e2114184a01.png)
(3)若数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/034ba25825c13725931c483aa47c9363.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c1ecbdd820cb0c4945e124d29a2b9d0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a37a59558292ad6b3d0978bfd7484990.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f2360a6dbfca8164cebf81fff5a7282.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
7 . 函数
是取整函数,也被称为高斯函数,其中
表示不超过
的最大整数,例如:
,
.若在函数
的定义域内,均满足在区间
上,
是一个常数,则称
为
的取整数列,称
为
的区间数列.下列说法正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7179c645736d68c90023f83d7f11ed01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c4f5908d6a1217e493ed7586b6964dd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/892c88c46b9def91f36065cc19aa77e5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ba5e494c2c83e3ddccaeb9db064d97b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ead8adc62bd126ed2e1f7774c71259b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c548045998cac1decf7b9c3d21482792.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/034ba25825c13725931c483aa47c9363.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
A.![]() ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() |
D.若![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
8 . 北宋数学家沈括博学多才、善于观察.据说有一天,他走进一家酒馆,看见一层层垒起的酒坛,不禁想到:“怎么求这些酒坛的总数呢?”,沈括“用刍童(长方台)法求之,常失于数少”,他想堆积的酒坛、棋子等虽然看起来像实体,但中间是有空隙的,应该把他们看成离散的量.经过反复尝试,沈括提出对上底有ab个,下底有cd个,共n层的堆积物(如图),可以用公式
求出物体的总数.这就是所谓的“隙积术”,相当于求数列ab,
的和,“隙积术”给出了二阶等差数列的一个求和公式.现已知数列
为二阶等差数列,其通项
,其前n项和为
,数列
的前n和为
,且满足
.
(1)求数列
的前n项和
;
(2)记
,求数列
的前n项和
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ea2d05ec2ace95c566eacfbc721c647.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b0ada0c24b4f4a74ba37968a910f02e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e62cd56c9d7b7865d8c145a8e74c7c40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f329b217e1051b23f0d61023cdc6e69.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f1ae9a3b0b7aeb1545b65d91aa371b3c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/05d1b5d9c88470aed5e224b8109a6835.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/22/81afd846-70ff-4fd5-86cd-b457ff6c93ab.png?resizew=177)
(1)求数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
(2)记
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/229fa99b3fbfcd20137a53f8db5117c3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5ab0309e2cd35585ea9fb2cc3017abf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87bd7d18f67e90a7c37fad4252e43c9d.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
9 . 如图的形状出现在南宋数学家杨辉所著的《详解九章算法•商功》中,后人称为“三角垛”.“三角垛”的最上层有1个球,第二层有3个球,第三层有6个球,
.设各层球数构成一个数列
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/16/3434484770365440/3437390535876608/STEM/2db29176e06c4cb4862fc694c2ca4841.png?resizew=151)
(1)写出
与
的递推关系,并求数列
的通项公式;
(2)数列
是以3为首项,3为公比的等比数列,令
,求数列
的前
项和
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aee7bb49247387a9028602315729f8d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/16/3434484770365440/3437390535876608/STEM/2db29176e06c4cb4862fc694c2ca4841.png?resizew=151)
(1)写出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96abfe2da27a63e6affb19a0c80236d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/56df063c0177cdd1760c14359e491d77.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
(2)数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/034ba25825c13725931c483aa47c9363.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/863e8169a4f67d7653ed7fdd3d1c71eb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57ef6d44448092ebdb9e4a49d866a749.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f1ae9a3b0b7aeb1545b65d91aa371b3c.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
10 . 传说古希腊毕达哥拉斯学派的数学家用沙粒和小石子来研究数,他们根据沙粒或小石子所排列的形状把数分成许多类,把按照下图排列规律的数1,5,12,22,…,称为五边形数,记五边形数构成的数列为
,数列
的前
项和为
,满足
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/19/734045cb-4f2e-481b-869a-9438a1d23e53.png?resizew=250)
(1)求数列
的通项公式;
(2)若
,求数列
的前
项和
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f329b217e1051b23f0d61023cdc6e69.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c84ecee651db24889084c47a9b3b9680.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/19/734045cb-4f2e-481b-869a-9438a1d23e53.png?resizew=250)
(1)求数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0197eeeeaafec6b1fdd7bb8509572f6b.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4ff8054d97beb9a736a45d65413ef30.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5ab0309e2cd35585ea9fb2cc3017abf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f1ae9a3b0b7aeb1545b65d91aa371b3c.png)
您最近一年使用:0次