1 . I went with some colleagues for dinner in a very popular local restaurant. It was
As we were waiting for a table, we heard a crash when a cleaning boy
I had learned some first-aid lessons before, so I ran to the boy’s side
I slowly walked home, not hungry any more, feeling
| A．busy | B．local | C．spare | D．regular |
| A．kicked | B．touched | C．hit | D．swept |
| A．silence | B．danger | C．doubt | D．suffering |
| A．prediction | B．behaviour | C．experience | D．career |
| A．fell about | B．fell asleep | C．fell behind | D．fell ill |
| A．friends | B．strangers | C．partners | D．relatives |
| A．pay | B．return | C．take | D．put |
| A．frequently | B．quickly | C．sadly | D．excitedly |
| A．select | B．mix | C．remove | D．bring |
| A．knowing | B．wondering | C．ignoring | D．arguing |
| A．reminded | B．comforted | C．observed | D．encouraged |
| A．spotted | B．checked | C．noticed | D．finished |
| A．prepared | B．required | C．received | D．ordered |
| A．concerned | B．eager | C．grateful | D．ready |
| A．kindness | B．honor | C．respect | D．service |
2 . Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling,and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels(分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales’ ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?| A．The man-made noises. | B．The noises made by themselves. |
| C．The sound of earthquakes. | D．The sound of the ice-breaking. |
| A．Different places with different types of noises. |
| B．The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises. |
| C．The same noise measured differently on land and in the ocean. |
| D．The ocean animals’ reaction to noises. |
3 . Five years ago, French navy officer Chardon was listening to a radio program about the journey of the bar-tailed godwit (斑尾塍鹬) , a bird that flies 14,000 kilometers between New Zealand and Alaska. Chardon understood how dangerous the journey would be, as heavy storms frequently hit Pacific island communities. Yet, somehow, bar-tailed godwits routinely pass through the area uninjured. Chardon wondered whether learning how godwits navigate (导航) could help coastal communities avoid disasters. Could tracking birds help save lives?
This past January, a team began experiments designed to test Chardon’s idea. Researchers led by Jiguet equipped 56 birds of five species with cutting-edge animal tracking technology. The team were transported to remote islands in French Polynesia, where they attached tags (追踪器). These tags send the birds’ locations to the International Space Station, which sends the data back to scientists on Earth who can then follow the birds — all the while waiting to see how the birds respond to natural disasters.
The project is focusing on birds’ ability to hear infrasound, the low-frequency sound humans cannot hear. Researchers believe it’s the most likely signal birds would use to sense storms and tsunamis. In a 2014 study, scientists tracking golden-winged warblers in the central and southeastern US founded the birds flew up to 1,500 kilometers to escape from the outbreak of tornadoes that killed 35 people. This showed they’d heard the storm system in advance.
The team plan on tagging more birds across the Pacific to prepare for a potential tsunami. “I think if there’s one wave that spreads across islands, we should get data from different species at different locations,” says Jiguet. “That’d definitely show it’s worth continuing to tag birds and to develop local systems to better analyze this.”
Even if the attempt to develop a bird-based tsunami early warning system fails, the project will still help scientists protect birds. In that sense, the research will have already gained results by that time. Jiguet says their first season’s tracking data shows Hawaii is an important stepping stone for the birds they tagged — a useful clue to the protection of these species above rising seas.
1. What is the purpose of Jiguet’s experiments?| A．To learn more about birds’ lifestyles. | B．To know birds’ reactions to disasters. |
| C．To test an animal tracking technology. | D．To study birds’ adaptation to nature. |
| A．To present a fact. | B．To make comparisons. |
| C．To take a guess. | D．To introduce a new sound. |
| A．Successful. | B．Challenging. | C．Regrettable. | D．Rewarding. |
| A．Can birds predict most natural disasters? |
| B．How do we develop a warning system? |
| C．Can birds warn us of natural disasters? |
| D．How do birds avoid natural disasters? |
4 . Brandon and Derek’s mother, Beth Lash, shared a Facebook video on Dec. 25, 2017. It captured the moment when Bandon
“I have always respect you,” Brandon reads from the front of the card,
“I love spending time with you. I’m so
“And now you will have my kidney (肾), too. We are a
Brandon ,who has kidney disease, receives
“I can’t believe Derek would
“I
| A．read | B．sang | C．called | D．shouted |
| A．claim | B．award | C．smile | D．surprise |
| A．signed | B．drawn | C．written | D．described |
| A．thankful | B．satisfied | C．awkward | D．confused |
| A．paper | B．card | C．book | D．cover |
| A．perfect | B．possible | C．equal | D．friendly |
| A．losing | B．dropping | C．throwing | D．blowing |
| A．screams | B．worries | C．laughs | D．tears |
| A．treatments | B．experiments | C．directions | D．observations |
| A．finally | B．possibly | C．luckily | D．exactly |
| A．advise | B．experience | C．allow | D．sacrifice |
| A．chance | B．fortune | C．accident | D．occasion |
| A．regretted | B．minded | C．hated | D．opposed |
| A．fair | B．right | C．normal | D．real |
| A．lovely | B．brave | C．honest | D．healthy |
5 . About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise. The world’s adult population is about 5.6 billion, so that is tantamount to about one-fourth of the world’s adult population.
Researchers looked at 358 population-based studies between 2001 and 2016. Those studies referred to nearly 2 million people in 168 countries.
Regina Guthold was the lead author of the report. She said the study also found a wide range of physical activity levels for countries around the world. “Inactivity ranges from as low as 6 per cent in Uganda and Mozambique to 67 per cent in Kuwait. Four countries have prevalence (普遍) of inactivity of over 50 per cent. That’s Kuwait, America Samoa, Saudi Arabia and Iraq,” she said.
The report shows the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in wealthy countries as they are in countries where people have low incomes. In wealthier countries, people are more likely to spend time sitting in offices. They are also more likely to use computers and electronic devices for entertainment.
There are actually many things people can do for themselves. If you work in a high-rise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator. Go for a walk during your lunch break. Take more breaks during the workday and move around. If your workplace offers a gym or exercise classes, make sure to use them. At home, take walks with your family or friends after dinner.
1. What does the underlined part “tantamount to” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Familiar to. | B．Harmful to. | C．Used to. | D．Equal to. |
| A．Uganda. | B．Kuwait. | C．Saudi Arabia. | D．Iraq. |
| A．To draw people’s attention to the problem. |
| B．To give some advice to non-exercisers. |
| C．To introduce a new topic for discussion. |
| D．To add some background information. |
6 . “Don’t tell anyone”. We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us. But it can be hard to keep a secret. We often tend to “spill the beans”, even if we regret it later.
According to Asim Shah, professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine, US, keeping a secret may well “become a burden”. This is because people often have an “obsessive and anxious urge to share it with someone”.
An earlier study, led by Anita E. Kelly, a scientist at the University of Notre Dame, US, suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress. People entrusted (受委托的) with secrets can suffer from depression, anxiety, and body aches, reported the Daily Mail.
But with secrets so often getting out, why do people share them at all?Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend. Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them. A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other. “Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone,” according to Shah.
He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out (泄露). But this doesn’t mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people. A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside. To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress, and make them talk about the secret.
Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret, you’d better put yourself in their position. Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn’t give the information away. Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone’s secret you should come clean about it. Let the person know that their secret isn’t so secret anymore.
1. What does underlined words “spill the beans” mean?| A．Cut up beans. | B．Burst into laughter. |
| C．Let out the secret. | D．Keep the words. |
| A．It can help promote friendships between people. |
| B．It can result in mental and physical problems. |
| C．It can result in a sense of distrust between friends. |
| D．It can harm relationships between friends. |
| A．It’s not a good idea to share your secrets with others. |
| B．It’s better to share your secrets with quiet people. |
| C．Quiet people suffer less stress from keeping secrets. |
| D．Talkative people are unlikely to keep secrets. |
7 . To improve road safety and raise awareness among Russia’s notoriously (臭名昭著地) careless drivers, Russian police have tried to get drivers to slow down at zebra (斑马) crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities.
The light grey horses, painted with black stripes (条纹), carried signs on their backs reading: “Careful, children are on their way to school.” The police sent the “zebras” to several different locations in the Russian capital, where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets (传单) to passing drivers.
Some held up rainbow-coloured umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain. Russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take steps to avoid pedestrians (行人). Nearly half of all traffic accidents in the country’s big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians, and a third of those occur on crossings, according to traffic police figures published last month.
In the first six months of this year, 378 people were killed and more than 6, 600 injured on pedestrian crossings in Russia, according to police. In Moscow alone, 43 people were killed, including two children.
Though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals, animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea, accusing the police of “treating animals like garbage”.
“Children understand that paints are bad for animals,” the Interfax news agency quoted (引用) president of Vita animal rights group Irina Novozhilova as saying.
Let’s hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians’ awareness.
1. Why do Moscow police have “zebras” walk across on the busiest streets?| A．To make a call on protecting animals. |
| B．To raise drivers’ awareness of road safety. |
| C．To tell people it is dangerous to cross streets. |
| D．To remind people zebras are in danger of extinction. |
| A．the driving skills of Russian drivers are bad. |
| B．Russian drivers often ignore traffic lights. |
| C．Russian drivers seldom give way to pedestrians |
| D．most Russian drivers have realized the seriousness of the problem. |
| A．Drivers must slow down at pedestrian crossings. |
| B．Road safety should be improved. |
| C．The paints used on the horses are safe. |
| D．These animals are ill-treated by the police. |
| A．Critical. | B．Confident. | C．Doubtful. | D．Positive. |
8 . MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
“Life is precious.... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
As a five-year-old girl, Lin Oiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
Eight years later, Lin graduated from PekingLin Qiaozhi (1901-1983) Union Medical College (PUMC) with the WenhaiScholarship, the highest prize given to graduates, She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. DrLin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home. In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested intending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. “The OB-GYN department cares for two lives,” she told new staff in her department. “As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
Though Lin Oiaozhi never married, she was known as “the mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. DrLin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go,” she said. “Don’t try to rescue me any more. Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
1. 阅读课文，将段落与其主旨大意相匹配| a.Although she never married, Lin was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”. b.Although she held important positions, Lin was more responsible for the patients. c.The principle of Dr Lin Qiaozhi helped her make hard choices. d.When young, Lin chose to study instead of getting married. e.Lin chose to return to her homeland instead of staying in the US. |
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
2. When Lin was 18 years old, ________.
| A．it was common for girls to stay single to study |
| B．her brother supported her to carry on with her career |
| C．finding a good husband was her final goal |
| D．she had to pay high tuition fees to study medicine |
| A．Because China was at war at that time. |
| B．Because she was the first Chinese woman to be appointed of that department. |
| C．Because her American colleagues invited her to study in the USA. |
| D．Because she wanted to open her own private clinic. |
| A．Over 50,000. | B．Not more than 50,000. |
| C．10,000. | D．50,000. |
| A．When Lin graduated from PUMC, she immediately became a chief resident physician in the OB-GYN department. |
| B．In her private clinic Lin treated patients free of charge. |
| C．Lin was sent to study in the US after studying in Europe. |
| D．When she died, Lin left all her savings to a kindergarten. |
9 . Brothers Mike and Nick Fiorito had a smooth life in the first 30 years.
They
Now, their organization is very
Adults can
| A．Occasionally | B．Frequently | C．Consistently | D．Unexpectedly |
| A．confused | B．prosperous | C．indifferent | D．curious |
| A．assuming | B．acknowledging | C．resembling | D．witnessing |
| A．backed down | B．backed up | C．set up | D．cooperated with |
| A．shunned | B．invaded | C．assisted | D．posed |
| A．acclaimed | B．involved | C．preserved | D．dominated |
| A．inspire | B．promise | C．thank | D．teach |
| A．exquisite | B．fascinating | C．challenging | D．successful |
| A．disrupt | B．participate | C．commemorate | D．depict |
| A．glory | B．friction | C．contribution | D．victim |
| A．giving away | B．giving in | C．handing in | D．wearing out |
| A．comprehension | B．connection | C．barrier | D．assessment |
| A．difference | B．date | C．decision | D．estimate |
| A．objective | B．prosperous | C．hopeful | D．potential |
| A．understanding | B．receiving | C．paying | D．spreading |
10 . Traci Ruble, a psychotherapist (心理治疗师), felt worried that people today were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. She understood that with busy lives and challenging jobs, people were unable to make these connections.
So on a spring day in 2015, Ruble and a small number of volunteers set up chairs on sidewalks in 12 locations around San Francisco, California and invited people passing by to sit for a few minutes and chat. This was the beginning of Sidewalk Talk, an organization whose mission is to create public spaces of connections where the people are.
Today, the organization has more than 4,000 volunteers in 40 cities. Around 25 percent of the volunteers are licensed therapists (持证治疗师). They come from different backgrounds and are a mixed group. Volunteers receive training from the organization.
Listening activities are held several times a month along with other organizations. In San Francisco, Sidewalk Talk partners with Lava Mae, a non-governmental organization (NGO) that brings mobile showers to homeless people.
Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to speak and be listened to but it is not therapy, according to Ruble. “I’m not interacting as a therapist out there. I’m not there to solve someone’s problems,” she said. “I’m there to practice being human.”
Ruble stressed that therapy is one-sided and that therapists are taught to avoid self-disclosure(自我表露) but by “being human” she could carry out interactions by sharing her own life and showing empathy (同感) with the people she talks with.
According to a report, 31 percent of all Americans experience serious loneliness including 61 percent of young adults. To fix that, rebuilding community relationships is very important. While listening activities will not solve the loneliness problem, these chats could help someone have a brighter day. Knowing that there are empathetic people who are willing to fully listen and share your feelings could make all the difference to a lonely person.
1. What can we learn about Sidewalk Talk?| A．It is largely made up of licensed therapists. |
| B．It encourages people to share and reconnect. |
| C．It was set up with the help of other organizations. |
| D．It aims to improve people’s language expression ability. |
| A．It leads to a healthier life. |
| B．It helps people solve problems. |
| C．It makes chats go more smoothly. |
| D．It allows people to receive support. |
| A．The power of good community relationships. |
| B．The seriousness of the loneliness problem. |
| C．The results of being an empathetic person. |
| D．The need for Sidewalk Talk’s activities. |
| A．Taking listening to the streets |
| B．Dealing with loneliness by volunteering |
| C．Building powerful connections between people |
| D．Enjoying having deep conversations with strangers |
