1 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Today was Community Service Day at school. Maya’s class was going to make cards for the seniors living in a nursing home. It was also the first day Maya would be wearing her leg brace (腿支架) to school, which was designed to help her walk more steadily and smoothly.

It was a cold autumn morning, Maya looked down, feeling embarrassed. To make it lovelier, she had delicately decorated the brace with pretty butterfly patterns. Still, she was unsure about others’ reaction. All morning at school, kids kept glancing at her brace. To her relief, they didn’t say anything.

In the classroom, Maya was drawing little green buds (芽) and pretty flowers when her friend Samir came over and sat by her. She felt his eyes fixed on her brace and heard him asking, “What’s that for?” Not knowing what to say, Maya pretended she didn’t hear him. After a few seconds of awkwardness, she glanced back at him, and found that he looked a little sad.

After lunch, the class set off. The nursing home was on a small hill and all of them walked there happily along the path. Maya found that the brace did make it easier for her to walk up.

Maya and Samir were paired up with a lady who was 83 years old. There at the end of the hall in a wheelchair, with a big smile on her face, sat the lady, wearing a pink coat, with red lipstick and beautiful earrings. She looked bright and full of life. Moving flexibly and fast towards Maya and Samir, she greeted first. “I’m Joan, ” she said cheerfully, “Glad to meet you. ”

Maya and Samir handed her the cards they made. Joan looked at Samir’s card carefully and spoke with admiration, “You’ve written a poem! That’s so artistic!” Samir’s face reddened with shyness. Then Joan turned to Maya’s picture. “The first flowers of spring!” she cried in delight. “You really have a gift for using colour!” she said. Clearly, Joan’s praise added great power into Maya.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

In a sudden wave of bravery, Maya asked, “What’s it like being in a wheelchair?”

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Deeply impressed by Joan, Maya offered to sit beside Samir on the bus ride back home.

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2 . 你校上周末举行了一次以“健康第一”为主题的登山比赛，校英文报现正以此为主题举行征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 活动当天的天气情况；
2. 比赛的过程与结果；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 短文长度100词左右；
2. 标题和开头句已为你写好，不计入总词数。

A Hill-climbing Competition

In order to enhance the students’ awareness of body building, a hill-climbing competition, with the theme of “Health Is First”, was held last Sunday by our school.

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3 . Ticket Information

Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn exclusively on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.

Application Period: February 1-28, 2023

During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.

Price Categories

The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35 € and 1200 € for the New Year’s Concert, 25 € and 860 € for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20 € and 495 € for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.

When Should I Apply?

Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!

1. Who could be most interested in this information?

A．A website designer.	B．A painting lover.
C．A music fan.	D．A tourist guide.

2. What do you have to do to get tickets?

A．Apply one month in advance.	B．Participate in the drawing.
C．Send e-mails to the webshop.	D．Use the same name as the user account.

3. How much must you pay at least for two tickets for the Preview Performance?

A．70€.

B．25€.

C．50€.

D．40€.

4 . Every language and culture has curse words (脏话). What gives a curse word its power is partly its meaning and partly its sound. “In English, for example, curse words tend to contain a high percentage of plosive sounds—including P, T and K,” said Ryan McKay, a psychologist at University of London.

Dr. McKay teamed up with his colleague Shiri Lev-Ari to learn whether this familiar pattern went beyond English. They wondered whether it might even represent what’s called sound symbolism. Sound symbolism is when a word sounds like what it means.

The researchers first asked fluent speakers of Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Korean and Russian to list the most vulgar (粗俗的) words they could think of. Once they’d made a list of each language’s most frequently used curse words, the researchers compared these with neutral words from the same language. In these languages, they didn’t find the plosive sounds that seem common in English curse words. “Instead, we found that the vulgar words were defined by what they lacked: the approximant sounds that include letters I, L, R, W and Y, ”Dr. Lev-Ari said.

Next, the scientists invited 215 native speakers of six languages: Arabic, Chinese, Finnish, French, German and Spanish. The participants listened to pairs of words in a language they didn’t speak, and guessed which word in each pair was offensive. In reality, all the words were invented. For example, the researchers started with the Albanian word “zog, ” for “bird, ”and created the pair of fake words “yog" and “tsog. ”Participants were more likely to guess that words without approximants, such as “tsog, ” were curses.

Finally, the researchers combed through the dictionary for English curse words and their cleaned-up versions. Once again, the clean versions included more of the sounds I, L, R, W and Y.

A 20th-century linguistic (语言学的)principle claimed that the sounds of words were arbitrary: Any word could have any meaning. With curse words, though, as in other cases of sound symbolism, “the sounds themselves seem to carry meaning, ”said Lev-Ari. “That’s a new thing, ”said linguist Benjamin Bergen. “Curse words across languages, unrelated to each other, may pattern similarly. ”He also pointed out, to make sure the pattern of approximants missing from curses isn’t an accident, it would be nice to find it in an even larger sample of languages.

1. What is the purpose of McKay and Lev-Ari’s research?

A．To analyze a phenomenon.	B．To confirm an assumption.
C．To explain a definition.	D．To challenge a theory.

2. What were the participants asked to do in the second part of the research?

A．To decide which curse words are used more frequently.

B．To make up new curse words from real words.

C．To guess a word’s offensiveness according to its sound.

D．To identify the approximants in curse words.

3. According to Lev-Ari, which of the four is likely to sound offensive?

A．Tusck

B．Sola

C．Darn

D．Biach

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．The old linguistic principle of sounds and meanings is wrong.

B．In sound symbolism, a word’s sound represents its meaning.

C．The research reveals the similarities between different languages.

D．The result of the research is not fully accepted by scientists.

5 . Teenagers around the world are familiar with the great pain of boredom. And every parent is familiar with the sounds of groaning (咕哝的) kids, sulking (生闷气) in their room or pacing aimlessly around the house. But sometimes, it’s this very sense of boredom that can inspire creativity and create fast-growing trends.

This is true for pickleball (匹克球), now a popular sport in the West. According to the Mental Floss website, the sport was invented in the summer of 1965. At that time, Frank Pritchard, 13, had nothing to do in his family’s summer home in Washington, US. After complaining loudly, his father, Joel, suggested he make up a game. When Frank replied “Why don’t you?” his father gladly took up the challenge. Thus, pickleball was born.

Certain parts of tennis, badminton and ping-pong can be seen from pickleball. It’s a bat game played on a badminton-sized court with what looks like a wiffle ball (威浮球) over a low net. Only the serving team can score points, and all serves must be made with an underhand stroke (击球).

The popularity of pickleball has grown steadily over the last decade. According to Mental Floss, the number of pickleball courts has grown by an estimated 385 percent worldwide since 2010. One reason for its popularity is that it’s “a sport for everyone”. Anyone can play pickleball because it’s relatively easy to pick up. There are simple rules, and all people need is a couple of bats and a ball, which is affordable and accessible to all. Plus, pickleball is a sport centered around fun and friendship. The game lasts as short as 15 minutes, which means less running and stress for players.

Pritchard said that the game’s rapid rise in popularity was amazing, especially considering that a bad-tempered kid “inspired a sports craze by making a stink (吵闹) about being bored one afternoon 56 years ago”.

1. What do we know about pickleball, according to the passage?

A．It was invented accidentally by a young boy.

B．It is a game suitable for family gatherings.

C．It combines elements from several ball games.

D．The game’s judges come from a serving team.

2. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?

A．Why pickleball has become so well received.

B．What equipment pickleball players need.

C．How significant pickleball is to the world.

D．What rules must be obeyed in pickleball.

3. What did Pritchard think of the popularity of pickleball?

A．Unexpected.

B．Reasonable.

C．Natural.

D．Awkward.

4. Why does the author write the passage?

A．To advise us to join in sports games.

B．To teach us how to play pickleball.

C．To tell us the birth of a sports game.

D．To motivate us to follow new trends.

7 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

World Tourism Day focuses on promoting tourism in various parts of the world.     1    (start) by the United Nations World Trade Organization (UNWTO), the day     2    (honor) every year on September 27 and has been celebrated       3       1980.

The official World Tourism Day     4     (celebrate) this year was held in Bali, Indonesia, and designed around the theme of “Rethinking Tourism,” with the goal of     5     (inspire) debate about rethinking tourism for development, including through education and jobs, as well as tourism’s impact on the planet and opportunities to grow more     6     (sustainable).

Last Monday, tourism ministers of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa met via video conference     7     (discuss) the green and sustainable development of tourism and the countries’ recovery measures during     8     COVID-19 pandemic.

The UNWTO urges everyone on World Tourism Day, including tourism workers,     9     (travel), corporations and governments, to consider     10     might be done to boost tourism.

8 . Last year marked 20 years since the deadliest accident in the history of Italian aviation (航空). In October 2001, the Linate Airport disaster _______ more than 100 people lose their lives _______ a ground crash at Milan’s most centrally-located commercial airport. The _______ involved a Scandinavian Airlines McDonnell Douglas MD-87 and a private Cessna Citation CJ2.

The date of the accident was October 8th, 2001. On this day, MD-87 was set to _______ a direct flight from Milan Linate to Copenhagen in Denmark. This _______ had 104 passengers and six crew onboard.

Also set to _______ Milan Linate that morning was the Cessna CJ2. Headed for Paris, there were just four people onboard.

On the morning of October 8th, 2001, foggy conditions prevailed (占优势) at Milan Linate Airport. Such weather can _______ visibility to minimal levels, potentially causing _______ operational trouble at airports. There is a very real _______ to it, as misunderstandings can be deadly in low visibility. ________, Vincenzo Fusco, the airport’s director, stated that conditions were still ________ for flying. The Cessna’s pilots, ________in the fog, took a wrong turn on the runway, which could have been ________ if there had been a ground radar (雷达) system at the airport.

At 08:09, air traffic control advised MD-87’s pilots that they were clear to take-off. Less than a minute after this clearance, the departing MD-87 ________ with the Cessna as it crossed the runway. The crash and the resulting fire destroyed both of the aircraft, leaving all the passengers and pilots ________ in the tragedy dead.

1.

A．offered

B．saw

C．affected

D．predicted

2.

A．due to

B．despite

C．apart from

D．with regard to

3.

A．occasion

B．situation

C．tragedy

D．adventure

4.

A．unfold

B．command

C．operate

D．distribute

5.

A．company

B．profession

C．trade

D．service

6.

A．depart

B．transform

C．orbit

D．enter

7.

A．increase

B．reduce

C．enhance

D．recover

8.

A．current

B．magical

C．odd

D．severe

9.

A．danger

B．loss

C．prejudice

D．response

10.

A．Therefore

B．Thankfully

C．Literally

D．However

11.

A．necessary

B．suitable

C．convenient

D．ready

12.

A．engaged

B．connected

C．lost

D．experienced

13.

A．noticed

B．emphasized

C．ignored

D．generated

14.

A．replaced

B．crashed

C．contrasted

D．quarreled

15.

A．dressed

B．absorbed

C．buried

D．involved

9 . You might have heard that no two snowflakes (雪花) are alike.     1     What all snowflakes have in common, though, is their source. They form from the moisture in clouds that hover (悬浮) at least 1 kilometer above the ground.     2    

In winter, the air up there in the clouds is very cold, and     3    To form snowflakes, those clouds need temperatures below freezing. However, if the air gets too cold, a cloud won’t hold enough water for any snowflakes to fall. This requires a balance. Snow can form in cooler environments, but the colder it gets, the less moisture there is to make a snowflake.

In fact, moisture must supersaturate a cloud’s air for a flake to form, which means there is more water in the air than would normally be possible. When there is too much water in the air,     4    Some of that water can flash freeze into crystals. These crystals then lazily fall to the ground. We call them snowflakes.

    5     Scientists call it a nucleus, which serves as the center around which an ice crystal forms. Without something to attach to, water droplets (水滴) can’t freeze. Even when the air temperature is well below freezing, water droplets will remain liquid. They freeze only when they have a solid object onto which they can stick. However, in the right conditions, drops of water will attach to a nucleus. They do it one by one. building an ice crystal.

A．it gets cooler the higher you go.

B．But how exactly does this work?

C．a cloud will try to rid itself of the extra water.

D．Clouds need one more thing to turn moisture into a flake.

E．Take a close look at snowflakes and you might be surprised.

F．Snowflakes do in fact come in a wide range of shapes and sizes.

G．they encounter slightly different atmospheric conditions along the way.

10 . As Alexandria Country Day School’s sixth-graders created miniature 3D printed villages to address homelessness, they learned lessons far beyond technology.

“It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class, inspired by life-size 3D-printed homes built by Austin, Texas-based technology company Icon.

No strangers to classroom 3D projects, the students were fascinated by Icon’s use of a similar process to create homes made of inexpensive concrete-like material. Unlike standard construction methods, the process of building these durable homes takes just a few days.

While creating their mini 3D buildings, the students explored how such technology allows design freedom and quick changes. Mathematical conversions helped get the relations right. For example, a real 25-foot-by-20-foot one-bedroom house would be printed as 40-millimeter-by-32-millimeter (about 1 1/2 inch by 1 1/4 inch) for their mini village. Salwa Seman, 11, said that getting the dimensions and settings correct before construction began was challenging as she created a curved-wall amphitheater (圆形剧场).

The tech-focused project quickly evolved into “an exercise in empathy (共情), innovation and cooperation designed to bring about lasting change”. “When most people think of helping the homeless, they think of food and clothing drives,” said Juliet Galicia, 11. “While necessary, those are temporary fixes. Even housing by itself is not a complete solution.”

In designing their leave-homelessness-behind neighborhoods, priorities were shelter, food stores, schools, and health centers. But to build a sense of belonging and purpose, the miniature communities also emphasized areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to make it feel more like a real community,” said Luke Wazorko, 11. A community garden, a place to raise chickens, an amphitheater for shared events, bus stops for access to jobs, and infrastructure for Wi-Fi and cellphones to help in job searches were important features to offer formerly unhoused residents.

Amber Fogarty, president of a nonprofit organization tackling homelessness in Austin, said, “Housing alone will never solve homelessness, but community will. People need a place where they are known, cared for and loved.”

1. Which can be used to describe homes created by Icon?

A．Hard-sided.

B．Long-lasting.

C．Rough-edged.

D．Strong-minded.

2. What conclusion can we draw from Galicia’ words?

A．Juliet Galicia has participated in food and clothing drives in the past.

B．Temporary solutions have proved to be of little help to unhoused people.

C．Providing unhoused people with a place to live will solve all of their problems.

D．A comprehensive approach is required to fully address the issue of homelessness.

3. The author may agree to the ideas EXCEPT that________.

A．a team of people can use 3D printing to build homes

B．builders can adapt a 3D-printed design to fit a person’s preferences

C．the students faced challenges in building their miniature communities

D．places for personal interactions are an important aspect of a community

4. What is the purpose of the sixth paragraph?

A．To emphasize community gardens as the most important part of neighborhoods.

B．To illustrate technology has nothing to do with helping unhoused people.

C．To show specific ways the students focused on more than just housing.

D．To promote the project as a profitable design to Austin.