备战2024年高考英语模拟卷05(山东、广东特供卷)
注意事项:
1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pack up a perfectly adequate push bike for £ 300, but most ebikes cost nearly £ 2,000. Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.
Best folding bike
Carbo Model 4
Price: ₤ 2,799 Weight: 13.3 kg
Range: up to 34 miles
This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, only chain.
Most stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: from £ 2,995 Weight: 19 kg
Range: up to 74 miles
This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It’s a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary(品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service
The money-no-object option
Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario G4
Price: £ 5,380 Weight: 28.4kg
Range: up to 93 miles
This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality — if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25 kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.
1. Which conclusion is Temples’ advantage over other stylish ehike brands?A.They have easier access to service. | B.They are more comfortable. |
C.They have more functions. | D.They are more lightweight. |
A.Temple Cycles Classic. | B.Carbo Model 4. |
C.The VanMoofs and the Cowboys. | D.Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario G4. |
A.a chemical paper | B.a magazine column |
C.a market research report | D.an official document |
B
If there’s one thing I’ve realized since becoming a male college student, it’s that finding a summer job is nearly impossible. I’ve applied to so many places and I’ve experienced so many interviews, but I always either get straight-up refusal or never hear from the company again.
One time, I even called one of the companies multiple times, but the manager avoided me. I was close to giving up. I felt like I was the only one struggling hard. I had a pretty good resume, and I always dressed nicely for my interviews, so why couldn’t I get a job?
Well, the reason is actually right in front of me—I am a student. Companies generally want students who can work all year long, but most of them aren’t willing to be flexible with schedules. I couldn’t tell you how many times interviewers told me that they were looking for someone permanent.
I tried looking for jobs marked as temporary ones. And I even once tried to apply through a temporary agency. But it didn’t work. Even if I wanted to work during the school year, none of the companies wanted to hire me because of my limited weekday availability. And despite not knowing if I could juggle (尽量兼顾) both school and a job, I even started to tell interviewers that I would like to work during the school year and give up my weekends. But I had no luck.
I’m not sure if there are others like me out there. But if you are going through something similar, what I want to tell you is to keep on trying. Despite being rejected so many times, I still applied for any job that I was qualified for. I even started my job search before the semester ended to get ahead. Eventually, I got my ideal summer job.
I know it’s frustrating, and you may feel like you’ve tried everything—that’s how I’ve felt for a long time. And now, with companies requiring years of experience, it’s even harder to get a job if you’re someone like me. But don’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up for sites that send you job offers and look on the university’s website for on-campus jobs.
1. What does the author want to convey in paragraph 2?A.His brilliant academic records. |
B.The cause of his unemployment. |
C.His jobless confusion in summer. |
D.The social prejudice to graduates. |
A.He was troubled with schoolwork. |
B.He was thought to have tight work time. |
C.He was unwilling to balance study and work. |
D.He was regarded as an inexperienced student. |
A.Well begun is half done. |
B.Actions speak louder than words. |
C.Everything comes to him who waits. |
D.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. |
A.To give advice. | B.To correct an error. |
C.To compare occupations. | D.To recall regrettable experiences. |
C
A team of physicists at the University of Edinburgh, working with an infection and immunity specialist, has, via experimentation, validated a theory to explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless of humidity (湿度) levels.
Generally, paint should dry faster on an outdoor fence on a dry day than when it is humid because evaporation (蒸发) occurs faster when the air around a liquid source is drier. But evidence suggests this is not the case for paint and some other liquids. Chemist Salmon and his colleagues developed a theory to explain why. They suggested it is because large molecules in the liquid are pulled to the surface during evaporation, forming a “polarization layer” that prevents evaporation, and by extension, drying. In this new effort, the research team worked to test this theory.
The researchers drilled five holes into a short cylinder (圆柱体) and inserted glass tubes in a horizontal position — each was then sealed in place. They then added a quantity of PVA, a kind of chemical substance, into the cylinder, which they placed on a scale. They poured a thin layer of oil on top of the liquid to prevent surface evaporation. The final touch involved placing an air flow box over the top of the cylinder to allow for controlling humidity levels. The team then ran multiple 17-hour trials to determine evaporation rates, using the scale to measure how much liquid evaporated from the tubes at different humidity levels, ranging from 25% to 90%.
The researchers found that as expected, evaporation rates remained constant for approximately three hours. But then, rates plummeted, as was theorized by Salmon, regardless of humidity levels. The evaporation rate didn’t decrease as humidity increased during the initial three hours. However, the theory only appeared to hold for humidity levels up to 80% — at rates higher than that, evaporation did slow down, which the team suggested was likely due to some other forces.
The researchers suggested their work could have medical applications as recent research efforts have shown that respiratory droplets (呼吸道飞沫) tend to form skins similar to those seen in the experimental equipment.
1. What is Salmon’s theory aimed at proving?A.The link between evaporation and drying time. |
B.The connection between humidity and dryness. |
C.The structure of the “polarization layer” on paint. |
D.The impact of humidity on the drying rate of paint. |
A.The test result. | B.The post-test evaluation. |
C.The research prediction. | D.The experimental process. |
A.Fell. | B.Kept. | C.Disappeared. | D.Accelerated. |
A.It is tentative. | B.It is effortless. |
C.It is promising. | D.It is controversial. |
D
The ability to track animals and plants is up in the air —literally —thanks to help from an unexpected source.
Around the globe, many air quality control stations filter (过滤) air through small paper disks on a daily or weekly basis, allowing scientists to ensure concentrations of harmful pollutants such as heavy metals are below certain levels. But the filters also pick up plant and animal DNA having been scattered (播撒) into the wind.
The eDNA, short for environmental DNA, on those filters could make air quality control stations a treasure house of samples cataloging local animals and plants. Such records could help researchers track biodiversity at a larger scale and more easily catch species declines or track how ecosystems are changing overall.
“We’re effectively carrying on with it for a totally new use,” says Elizabeth Clare, a molecular ecologist at York University.
“It never occurred to us that these filters capturing particulate (微粒的) matter could even be analyzed for eDNA,” says James Allerton, an air quality scientist in England. That changed when Allerton read a news story about two studies where scientists cleared animal DNA out of thin air at two zoos, one in England —led by Clare —and another in Denmark.
Learning about the potential for capturing eDNA sparked a “light bulb moment,” Allerton says, and he reached out to Clare to cooperate.
Clare, Allerton and colleagues analyzed filters from the Teddington facility that were exposed to surrounding air for one hour, one day or one week. The team also examined eight-month-old filters from an air quality control station in Scotland that had each been exposed to air for a week.
Genetic material in the filters revealed the presence of more than 180 different types of local animal groups including pine trees, badgers, owls, fungi and news. That volume is surprising given that the filters and storage conditions weren't set up with eDNA in mind. That the researchers recovered so much eDNA from a system designed to monitor air quality shows how common airborne (空气中的) DNA is and how much biodiversity data could be up for grabs.
1. What is the new use of air quality control stations?A.To purify air by decreasing pollutants in it. |
B.To study the links between man and animals. |
C.To concentrate on effects of animals on climate. |
D.To help track the categories of animals and plants. |
A.He felt doubtful and hesitant to use it. |
B.He felt useful but reluctant to admit it. |
C.He felt unimaginable but ready to accept it. |
D.He felt amazed but refused to have an attempt. |
A.Airborne DNA is quite uncommon in the system. |
B.Over 180 types of living plants have been detected. |
C.It is not easy for researchers to collect biodiversity data. |
D.Researchers didn't take eDNA into account in the first place. |
A.Air Pollutants are Found in Animals and Plants |
B.Tracking Evolution of Living Things Benefits eDNA |
C.Air Pollution Monitoring May Help Track Biodiversity |
D.eDNA Technology Proves a Big Success in Air Detection |
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that laughter is the best medicine.
You can try to find a different perspective.
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth.
A.Always share a good story. |
B.Why not do what comedians do? |
C.You can also look again and laugh. |
D.But laughter does more than cheer you up. |
E.Then you are able to make a simple choice. |
F.In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever. |
G.If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring. |
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In late 2021, I began to have a little bit of a midlife crisis. When my father was 48 years old, he had a heart attack that nearly ended his life. As I
As I was trying to determine what kind of
I also did a detailed training
That day, Big Sky Montana, was unseasonably
A.finished | B.designed | C.approached | D.changed |
A.public | B.big | C.equal | D.dangerous |
A.record | B.test | C.goal | D.trap |
A.race | B.training | C.town | D.place |
A.adopted | B.created | C.covered | D.hosted |
A.distance | B.display | C.competition | D.game |
A.exciting | B.challenging | C.breathtaking | D.surprising |
A.ride | B.trouble | C.gain | D.show |
A.changing for | B.leaving for | C.paying for | D.looking for |
A.plan | B.service | C.exchange | D.center |
A.served | B.missed | C.offered | D.followed |
A.hot | B.cool | C.mild | D.common |
A.expected | B.used | C.exposed | D.proved |
A.kept | B.took | C.hid | D.dropped |
A.forgot | B.made | C.caught | D.appreciated |
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
Flames in kilns (窑) around China have been burning since the Xia and Shang dynasties. Along the way, porcelain (瓷器) was born.
Porcelain is made by heating raw materials, often
Celadon produced in Longquan, Zhejiang province, a technique
Porcelain has also been a carrier for cultural exchanges. Along with China’s silk and tea, porcelain was one of the first items
Porcelain has evolved into art works. Even when broken into
【知识点】 科普知识
第四部分:写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
1.表示歉意;
2.推迟原因;
3.后续调整。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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第二节:读后续写(满分25分)
When I was in middle school, my family moved to Seattle, where my parents started their new business — a small grocery store downstairs my house. As a girl of shy and reserved nature, I had to take a fresh start to fit into the sophisticated city life.
One sunny day, my school announced an exciting event, a talent show for the local food bank. Students were encouraged to showcase their unique talents in front of the public in the city hall on National Day. A buzz of excitement fed the school as everyone began preparing for the big day. Deep down, I felt a spark of curiosity and a desire to participate. However, my self-doubt held me back, “I don’t have any special skills to share.”
Days turned into weeks, and the talent show drew closer. I couldn’t shake the upsetting feeling until one day, Emma, one of the most popular girls in my class, came to me while I was helping in the grocery store after class. “How about singing together in the talent show?” She grinned, “I heard you singing a tune, along the way back home. I can’t help following you here.” Gosh, I couldn’t believe my ears. Emma, with personality and popularity, acknowledged my little talent. Since Emma had the world’s prettiest voice, I felt like being favoured by fortune.
“You two? The talent show for the food bank?” My mum bent towards us and her face lit up. “A big occasion.” Then a light bulb seemed to go in her head. “Why not practise right now upstairs? I bet you’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us, she seemed to know we were thinking alike.
Emma and I embarked on rehearsing almost every single day after school. We brainstormed, exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene. As the days rolled by, I was feeling pretty good about our act. But the day before the performance, Emma called that she had an acute stomachache and was not in any shape to perform.
注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I was completely knocked out by the news.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Finally came the big moment.
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