(1)25℃时,配制不同浓度HA溶液,并测其pH值,所得相关数据如下:
序号 | 原HA溶液体积/mL | 水的体积/mL | pH |
I | 40.00 | / | 2.88 |
II | 4.00 | 36.0 | 3.38 |
(2)25℃,将pH=2的HA溶液与pH=12的NaOH溶液等体积混合,下列说法正确的是
a.混合后离子浓度满足等式:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5dd367e2432f473e48d719e125df846f.png)
b.混合后会生成强碱弱酸盐NaA,因其水解而使混合后的溶液显碱性
c.pH=2的HA溶液中,由水电离出的H+浓度为10-2mo1/L
d.pH=12的NaOH溶液中,由水电离出的H+浓度为10-12mol/L
(3)25℃时,向HA溶液中加入NaOH,配制
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4f0a36b0a6c78c7a4c29238836037a4b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a3a9787bfc931d649ab07f89fd21f2e7.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/14/3ee63e9b-cf8f-45c2-9c9d-534a2c1bb334.png?resizew=256)
①δ1表示
②25℃时,HA的电离平衡常数Ka=
③pH=5时,溶液中A-的浓度和HA的浓度之比为c(A-):c(HA)=
④若c处c(Na+)=0.1mol/L,则a、b、c三处水的电离程度由大到小排序为
(4)查阅资料可知,若往某溶液中加入少量强酸或强碱时,外来的H+或OH-中绝大多数被溶液中某些微粒消耗掉从而导致pH几乎不变的为缓冲溶液。据此小组同学推断(3)中a点对应溶液为缓冲溶液。原因是向a点溶液加入少量酸,外来的H+被A-消耗;加少量碱,外来的OH-被
(5)下列浓度比均为1:1的混合溶液中与a点溶液相似,也属于缓冲溶液的是
a.Na2CO3-NaHCO3 b.H2SO4-Na2SO4 c.NaOH-NaCl d.NH3∙H2O-NH4Cl
相似题推荐
(1)NH4Al(SO4)2可作净水剂,其原理是
(2)相同条件下,0.1 mol·L-1 NH4Al(SO4)2溶液中的c(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d51105d92436d05b7991a86e8be8bbab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d51105d92436d05b7991a86e8be8bbab.png)
(3)浓度均为0.1 mol·L-1的几种电解质溶液的pH随温度变化的曲线如图所示:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2018/1/18/1862967776854016/1864369106001920/STEM/dd6c0ebb-6090-4373-8cf0-46d77f6cabdf.png?resizew=137)
①其中符合0.1 mol·L-1 NH4Al(SO4)2溶液的pH随温度变化的曲线是
②20 ℃时,0.1 mol·L-1 NH4Al(SO4)2溶液中2c(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04d6c9c2e03c9ca9424654619e55a866.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d51105d92436d05b7991a86e8be8bbab.png)
(4)室温时,向100 mL 0.1 mol·L-1 NH4HSO4溶液中滴加0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH溶液,溶液pH与NaOH溶液体积的关系如图所示:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2018/1/18/1862967776854016/1864369106001920/STEM/9e7cb828-33aa-45bb-8bb5-d6c75d37ea23.png?resizew=209)
试分析图中a、b、c、d四个点,水的电离程度最大的是
(5)难溶电解质在水溶液中存在溶解平衡。25℃,某NH4Al(SO4)2溶液里c(Al3+)=0.1mol•L﹣1,使Al3+开始沉淀的pH为
Ⅰ.化学家研究发现,SbF5能将MnF4从离子[MnF6]2-的盐中反应得到,SbF5转化成稳定离子[SbF6]-的盐。而MnF4很不稳定,受热易分解为MnF3和F2。根据以上研究写出以K2MnF6和SbF5为原料,在 423 K 的温度下制备F2的化学方程式:
现代工业以电解熔融的氟氢化钾(KHF2)和氟化氢(HF)混合物制备氟单质,电解制氟装置如图所示。
已知KHF2是一种酸式盐,写出阴极上发生的电极反应式
Ⅱ.①卤化氢的熔沸点随相对分子质量增加而升高,而HF熔沸点高于HCl的原因是
②已知25 ℃时,氢氟酸(HF)的电离平衡常数Ka=3.6×10-4。
某pH=2的氢氟酸溶液,由水电离出的c(H+)=
③又已知25 ℃时,溶度积常数Ksp(CaF2)=1.46×10-10。现向1 L 0.2 mol/L HF溶液中加入 1 L 0.2 mol/L CaCl2 溶液,通过列式计算说明是否有沉淀产生:
酸 | CH3COOH | HNO2 | HCN | HClO |
电离平衡常数(Ka) | 1.8×10-5 | 4.6×10-4 | 5×10-10 | 3×10-8 |
A.醋酸和水能以任意比例混溶
B.在醋酸水溶液中还含有未电离的醋酸分子
C.醋酸与Na2CO3溶液反应放出CO2气体
D.1mol⋅L﹣1的醋酸水溶液能使紫色石蕊溶液变红色
E.等体积等pH的醋酸和盐酸分别与足量氢氧化钠溶液充分反应,醋酸消耗的氢氧化钠更多
(2)结合表中给出的电离常数回答下列问题:
①上述四种酸中,最强、最弱的酸分别是
②下列能使醋酸溶液中CH3COOH的电离程度增大,而电离平衡常数不变的操作是
A.升高温度 B.加水稀释 C.加少量的CH3COONa固体 D.加少量冰醋酸 E.加氢氧化钠固体
③依表格数据判断醋酸和次氯酸钠溶液能否反应,如果不能反应说出理由,如果能发生反应请写出相应的离子方程式
(3)已知草酸是一种二元弱酸,其电离常数K1=5.4×10-2,K2=5.4×10-5,试从电离平衡移动的角度解释K1>K2的原因
(4)已知水溶液中c(H+)和c(OH﹣)的关系如图所示:
②若A点到E点,可采用的措施是
a.升温 b.加入少量的盐酸 c.加入少量的NaOH
(1)常温下,将
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c12c02a026f3c125f235da4208db9d22.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ddd43be9f237f687a364778f60c2610.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0e68300e9ff6b6ea7943bdd2b3658b2c.png)
(2)常温下,将
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f03bc155d18f64c4d2b5e91239941611.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f7c7bd098ec889ada2ce286338b22eff.png)
A.若![]() |
B.若反应后溶液呈中性,则混合液中![]() |
C.若反应后溶液呈酸性,则![]() ![]() |
D.若反应后溶液呈碱性,则![]() ![]() |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09a4c28bd617b506cf25f37048d8eff1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5757d716db2f1a89f074b5c83d7da0d4.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/10/2/f98edd8d-30be-4f3f-800c-8492ffc71037.png?resizew=253)
①该滴定过程应该选择
②a
③C点溶液中离子浓度由大到小的顺序为
(4)25℃时,下表为一些难溶电解质的相关数据:
物质 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
开始沉淀时的pH | 5.8 | 4. 1 | 2.0 |
完全沉淀时的pH | 8.3 | 6.4 | 3.2 |
常温下,除去酸性
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3c78235ece677f95a7711f581310edb5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6fe8d0a2bc7ed7baca6f9bc826d2db8.png)
①应先加入
②再加入CuO,调节溶液的pH在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad60241600751443a89557c09ced8b5c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/56fc83478386628e05cc45c6e498d71e.png)
(1)有关上述常数的说法正确的是___________。
A.它们都能反映一定条件下对应变化进行的程度 |
B.它们的大小都随温度的升高而增大 |
C.室温时,AgCl分别加入水中与AgNO3溶液中,前者溶度积常数大 |
D.一定温度下,在CH3COONa溶液中,Kw=Ka·Kh |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/081f8bb88df8c263b53b2062967b11b9.png)
(3)一定温度下,在体积为1L的密闭容器中,进行如下化学反应:CO2(g)+H2(g)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d30bd52fbc729100498b5300daf60350.png)
(4)25°C时,将a mol·L-1的氨水与0.01mol·L-1的盐酸等体积混合所得溶液中c(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/22b84c78dae7945c7893ab4125a05ab5.png)
(5)已知常温下Fe(OH)3和Mg(OH)2的Ksp分别为8.0×10-38、1.0×10-11,向浓度均为0.1mol·L-1的FeCl3、MgCl2的混合溶液中加入碱液,要使Fe3+完全沉淀而Mg2+不沉淀,应该调节溶液pH的范围是
(1)实验室中常用NaOH溶液来进行洗气和提纯,当100mL
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/20c82d32c2b9a2030d6b6a7edb573384.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9cd80091c2c585ff80057efa73cf98ad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23c6df8778471188c8d218fd9d1422bd.png)
(2)常温下向一定体积的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e69ea68f86b300ef9f3914d9edb25c86.png)
A.溶液中导电粒子的数目减少
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1bb31828903412916fc755beb9687224.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c7b4e8ef1a6b58b0d1e5a8178dfac3ba.png)
C.溶液中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1bbcc2326d36c9770771db96e7b7c44c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8b3aa3eba2f5e4ff1e120a5d5bc9175.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/65c41a7758cb5696449ad491ace052f2.png)
(3)①常温下将
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f812c9009880640ecf35be55dee5b21e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ea82d36da0fc9608055fc4ae5475a4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e69ea68f86b300ef9f3914d9edb25c86.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50e4d3c71604dcf7ca1fda5ebf0d0b66.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ff7021e842471ee60e9259378dd1ecb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9c549d9e1071e46c664c50ff44fc6630.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11d71379442f28c038d367d49422cf90.png)
②常温下若溶液由
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/66007e37a8f53407ba1a3758cc238dab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ea82d36da0fc9608055fc4ae5475a4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dde976d6d3c43b41416a4fa3400838d4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5d0adb30fe7a184f932a00ffe4578ea.png)
A.若反应后溶液呈中性,则
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd2f11da7a4648647b4eb1ecc9e3f1c8.png)
B.若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f664019773752aca6e7eb7f6da97749.png)
C.若反应后溶液呈酸性,则
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ff7021e842471ee60e9259378dd1ecb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50e4d3c71604dcf7ca1fda5ebf0d0b66.png)
D.若反应后溶液呈碱性,则
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ff7021e842471ee60e9259378dd1ecb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50e4d3c71604dcf7ca1fda5ebf0d0b66.png)
(4)常温下,浓度均为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ee48d4cfb1356c1bce4603da88a25f24.png)
溶质 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | NaClO | NaCN |
pH | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5cb2db32c3d3b0c0544f9a120573567c.png)
A.HCN
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac49c27970519afd08aaac285c5c590b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dce05099e81657bd048c1a603e0e57ac.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81c534542d314917f6c6afd65ba72fa3.png)
②根据以上数据,判断下列反应可以成立的是
A.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/daa25b47b3cebef10901bc8982aa773d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0509f3e8f9e19e67e9f42f92a1a52e9.png)
C.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f7000963900e39f9a10959ea44ffaf5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/70c13dc0d7d93d8c27047359b0182123.png)
(5)几种离子开始沉淀时的pH如下表:
离子 | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
pH | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/702129ab770cd45faec116e6ee05287d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d54410109a9313407a1c92ca23efc062.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bebdb2b4633bfc703b785926c25ff96e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11d71379442f28c038d367d49422cf90.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/987517758fad59f6f695761deb2a5ebd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a474b9a3addc0a1b87f56ce150373d94.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0279fce2645d61829535daf79f87f797.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/392cdb9d30684cce244bef94b8d861b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6706fe00b4e231e62d9ecbec567d526b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ff7942da6c3fc4005256fb1458557c0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/987517758fad59f6f695761deb2a5ebd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/05f7ce9ccde4c917f42fac2f60472e67.png)
(1)已知:羟胺在水中主要以
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8355c1b55324929eb6a8318e691efb83.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efb21c1262459d071283fc896d91d30.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6c1db2e4d077797823042c4e51b4180.png)
(2)常温下,将0.1
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dbedf6c311491cc09dd17c7bef33813.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dbedf6c311491cc09dd17c7bef33813.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce93086f0133444d40743d654cba1c55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24c466b98aafe17cf19f38f854371975.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a7882207288fc48a33064ec4565ee75c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/5/5c1744ed-6c8b-4214-a997-33a15a4c64af.png?resizew=224)
①图中表示盐酸滴定羟胺溶液的曲线是
②常温下,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8355c1b55324929eb6a8318e691efb83.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/af1007425d83d7cb6ace6174978466c8.png)
③a、b、c、d四点对应的溶液中,水的电离程度由大到小的顺序为
④若将b、d点对应的溶液混合,则混合液呈
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3924f330729ac3f9f58107a78c604422.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df1c652922afd6c8324e05f5710f24f7.png)
(1)利用下列实验装置制取次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠混合液。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/29/303886d6-a511-4b8a-9ae3-c77e559fffb0.png?resizew=588)
①仪器X的名称是
②若该实验温度控制不当,反应后测得装置A内ClO﹣与ClO
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fae5d08d37e32d492827e4c5056c5ce7.png)
(2)制备水合肼:反应原理为CO(NH2)2(尿素)+NaClO+NaOH=N2H4•H2O+NaCl+Na2CO3。
①将次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠混合液缓慢滴加到尿素溶液中,边加边搅拌。该操作需严格控制试剂的滴加顺序和滴加速度,原因是
②N2H4•H2O一级电离方程式为N2H4•H2O=N2H
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d08f58ca621eb3f1dc00c5f519e6f4d.png)
(3)碘化钠的制备:采用水合肼还原法制取碘化钠固体,其制备流程如图所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/29/a997fad4-a009-48e8-b033-913ac0696f73.png?resizew=482)
①“还原”过程主要消耗“合成”中生成的副产物IO
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fae5d08d37e32d492827e4c5056c5ce7.png)
②工业上也可用硫化钠或铁屑还原碘酸钠制备碘化钠,“水合肼还原法”的优点是
25℃平衡体系(苯、水、HA) | 苯或水相中HA起始浓度 | 焓变 | 平衡常数 |
在水相:![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
在有机相:![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f885156f1327711b42fa696fbf82c478.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/353ee71db4da559d53ee36e184b46457.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96a8e88ebadfbc14daacb53265160552.png)
请回答下列问题:
(1)有机相苯中HA发生双聚反应
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e8f53c14b7a306047f6137c475c13be.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/affc2de4968fae6b46918e17e0019443.png)
(2)用分液漏斗分离得到有机相,向有机相中继续加少量苯,则
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e8f53c14b7a306047f6137c475c13be.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27975a61dc7adce19207218a3ec10708.png)
(3)计算25℃时,平衡体系水相中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b06be977ea995c3840667ac327856f8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0e74f5d2716172d144336dd9820fb5d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9aa774c57abc2c4833251330768ecee6.png)
(4)25℃时,NaA和HA均为0.1mol/L的混合水溶液中离子浓度由大到小的顺序为
Ⅰ.若在绝热、恒容的密闭容器中通入
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce14ffcb6914c637f4d57d7e2ebd51e5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fb38f6853aaa532ba55b594f86895c4f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f7b12bef81ff031dfffb586f377ab44.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c523e50f790218235eae777f95a8a724.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/1/10/69bf286b-8879-480c-99a5-6f960dd61b23.png?resizew=231)
(1)混合气体的密度:a
(2)b点时,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e5196b6c6b791058f73ce981801a2f29.png)
(3)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f626f0c25ca3619a586541a5f717de87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c175ae491f8aab736e87cd0c7653fd1e.png)
Ⅱ.常温下,氢硫酸(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/624cfde5889eb5269fdac20cb1b2753b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94d1384f8e09255c71bbc97b12f36283.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/519ac72f6c074c773bcb98913a1af2b5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97725e624fa7d511e8838ab382043873.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09871f9535aae1b7f9a02ffe7c4caa2a.png)
(4)对于反应
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b4000794ed6a19867d78fa059dbbda66.png)
(5)若将等体积、等浓度的氢硫酸与氢氧化钠溶液混合,发生反应的化学方程式:
(6)常温下,当混合后溶液中的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46d00ab083ff1009a5c07d859c0d9fb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ff4873623b9877a6aad1b70f5aaef79.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf5114e1dbd4fc973e99293e1fdb3def.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/f7670325-0efd-49d4-b106-8e7e7723560e.png?resizew=482)
【资料卡片】控制电位在0.740~1.511 V范围内,在氧化酸浸液中添加硫脲,可选择性还原ClO2,以达到硒与杂质金属的分离。请回答下列问题:
(1)“脱硫”时,测得脱硫率随温度的变化如图,最佳温度是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/28/9f302cb3-ef9c-4206-baaf-92caf5cd8244.png?resizew=205)
(2)“氧化酸浸”中,Se转化成H2SeO3(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98f9c75c4ee5eb1df5f0c4b3e42528c2.png)
(3)已知:ClO2浓度过高时容易爆炸,工业上制备ClO2的工艺有:
盐酸法:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f919a2e3e0fa14a2fed33b9089a9949.png)
双氧水法:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3adf557fa743710c2bfdd6644799550.png)
请根据以上信息完成填空:双氧水法相比盐酸法的优点有①反应需要的酸度条件较低,对设备腐蚀影响较小;②
(4)粗硒的精制过程:Na2SO3浸出[Se转化成硒代硫酸钠(Na2SeSO3)]→Na2S净化→H2SO4酸化等。
①净化后的溶液中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc138d8d48696750091fd8b97e028905.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db54399625b62764c68dc4ea13ee6390.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd0e9c5f49d7c8c138f8a6b1718b16fb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1645dd11a322cf8a4dce41070ee8b1f2.png)
②硒代硫酸钠酸化生成硒的离子方程式为
(5)H2SeO4在水溶液中的电离方程式如下:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/473411a9683092e0c5cefe32af34cf9b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed469b252c355f449904a67190ee1ca0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/685ebb195ec46ed5b80ecbfef1a2f5ae.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/215a0642cf790c4ee894d88cfcf67e48.png)
(1)同温同压下,研究
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d69d7191f7166d1c82e92bd9c6ef391.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24a7a58438b831b6a45a9874adce1055.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d69d7191f7166d1c82e92bd9c6ef391.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/1/3423612461318144/3424319622692864/STEM/396b71a4b36c4aef850044c84be07b24.png?resizew=244)
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bbf5833d3b1ed65b14ceadc562093ac5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d087f9fe7a078f3e6aa91591d2ec6951.png)
②
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad08ef0cf25b0d0871e8c859c6f180bd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de808b9f22a12ff249805e2e94897f9a.png)
③
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a3a8c245c9e257db14021474a3735d9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4912017057ff2b476f7f962d77617b54.png)
随着
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24a7a58438b831b6a45a9874adce1055.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d69d7191f7166d1c82e92bd9c6ef391.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc16c5a953d27db66049d4c7b7822b32.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aef0aaf9f3442509a859fb2f9a07ca7c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a8b6ede55013761f0df50ef4854cb9d4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36f9abdc1c98f0c92cd1be61494c56b7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a920316d8319fa41d385eb7acccbbed5.png)
(2)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92a0fa8f91879b4a2651da7ed4040660.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92a0fa8f91879b4a2651da7ed4040660.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1066e53bf79a3cdff7ec2934bd09e272.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aef0aaf9f3442509a859fb2f9a07ca7c.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/1/3423612461318144/3424319622692864/STEM/6e84d18eb8ab4a14b4bbb37bbf99dff0.png?resizew=270)
①25℃时,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3dcf2b2490dd7c57443efe7bbda71b62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c4d9129b79ac985bc46c88b092aeb02.png)
②25℃时,浓度均为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6cfd7bdf4228be7fdd5e712d429fba2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad4154ff15d968c61099713339864d28.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92a0fa8f91879b4a2651da7ed4040660.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c8fb97e7d86560fa786e88f74c72e19.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/340094466a1206a8599e70d208b0b967.png)
(3)为测定某
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92a0fa8f91879b4a2651da7ed4040660.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5414fb67ab35d9a892fbb772ad3b6a60.png)
a.取样:取
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3c5eb092d5cb89e8907fb3d76ca2fb0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c2abd231dd53823cba19ad6e5d9b75e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba1bd4bf0b99e76c0f3c193b20a21056.png)
b.氧化:加入足量碘化钾溶液,振荡充分反应;
c.滴定:加入淀粉作指示剂,在锥形瓶下垫一张白纸,用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/156d337b682bc72b87543ce0b03939f4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/72755447e8250197994d135119bd1d1b.png)
d.重复上述操作三次。
滴定时,左手控制滴定管,右手摇动锥形瓶,眼睛注视
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5414fb67ab35d9a892fbb772ad3b6a60.png)
测得的实验数据如下表:
实验序号 | 待测液体积(![]() | ![]() | |
滴定前刻度/![]() | 滴定后刻度/![]() | ||
1 | 20.00 | 0.60 | 20.60 |
2 | 20.00 | 6.00 | 25.95 |
3 | 20.00 | 1.40 | 23.20 |
4 | 20.00 | 1.00 | 21.05 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41089e9be3f55f4785113ab4850dcc70.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/70df68b33e13dd551ca589b03e3f31d9.png)
A.取样时用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f419e49ed53e61714887da5a8c3a717.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ccf24462455c4d885d7d515ea350d62.png)
B.滴定终点读数时仰视刻度线
C.达终点时滴定管尖嘴有标准液悬挂
D.盛装待测液的锥形瓶未润洗
E.摇动锥形瓶时有液体溅出