解题方法
1 . 如图,等腰直角三角形
中,
,
,
是边
上一动点(不包括端点).将
沿
折起,使得二面角
为直二面角,则三棱锥
的外接球体积的取值范围是_________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7bef5239ddbb0972700ce01daf9ee7cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/615fc8790237a1b09af51d6bcad6b595.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3d2c15801fee2405573677484f5dcfa4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab2a2834d80ff574e79eae8ca8d4e94f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d40b319212a7e7528b053e1c7097e966.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e18b48c0263fbc4cbf072b7662589e2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db4c18aba9681a8475968248764d4c3a.png)
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2 . 我国魏晋时期的数学家刘徽创造了一个称为“牟合方盖”的立体图形,如图1,在一个棱长为2r的立方体内作两个互相垂直的内切圆柱,其相交的部分就是牟合方盖(如图2),我国南北朝时期数学家祖暅基于“势幂既同则积不容异”这一观点和对牟合方盖性质的研究,推导出了球体体积公式.设平行于水平面且与水平面距离为
的平面为
,则平面
截牟合方盖所得截面的形状为______ (填“正方形”或“圆形”),设半径为r的球体体积为
,图2所示牟合方盖体积为
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/625dbbd5d5f2617b7c53acdb936b1d07.png)
______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82d38e62ba27b42d838c51a6e0a88e40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4764374bd2fb78e59cd0b283637baeb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c63055a5d6916f99d07fede49120753f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/625dbbd5d5f2617b7c53acdb936b1d07.png)
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3 . 已知两个正四棱锥
与
均内接于球
,满足
和
,则球
的体积为__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0585b6c0f156eecf9662b9846d4eb693.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55c6caa0455442437177ab9b995df37b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50488f7443c0b740ed0b645c519e4e46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e6834ac70927ae08d7d36a1922403c9e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
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4 . 如图,在直三棱柱
中,侧面ABCD的面积为
为直角,
,则三棱柱
的外接球的半径取最小值时,四棱锥
的体积为___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19a01abf5ae85221309ecf031f2cd872.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/277d3553963af4243617d1dbe47100e7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/35f8fc3b7d7e1bc8241dc9b87daa79ba.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19a01abf5ae85221309ecf031f2cd872.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/80c753cb1eb73fd8d136d00462970797.png)
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5 . 在四面体
中,
,且异面直线
与
所成的角为
,则四面体
的外接球的表面积为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98236fdd6f09e0cb49aeae8242487c18.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d78abbad68bbbf12af10cd40ef4c353.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be6a6301878fed2a01413020b27310a5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
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6 . 已知正三棱柱
的所有顶点都在表面积为
的球的球面上,
,点
为棱
的中点,点
是侧面
内的一点,且
平面
,则线段
的最小值为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/42d3a82b8e587ee890467835bc4e854c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9eea5a7fb6fb9ebab654b7c16706c8a7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3d2c15801fee2405573677484f5dcfa4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/895dc3dc3a6606ff487a4c4863e18509.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f1f229274a6e17977cc047814212589.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e168672b47d7e64dc1b404f8882c7dcf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ad7c84ff3f05cb53cfce047e873609e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ea848cd2aa3a464618020475097949fc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6655c413f509068d30b165f9d92bdba0.png)
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7 . 若一个圆锥的内切球与外接球的球心重合,且内切球的半径为
,则该圆锥的侧面积为________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a7ffe8515ff6183c1c7775dc6f94bdb8.png)
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8 . 在边长为4的正方形ABCD中,如图甲所示,E,F,M分别为BC,CD,BE的中点,分别沿AE,AF及EF所在直线把
和
折起,使B,C,D三点重合于点P,得到三棱锥
,如图乙所示,则三棱锥
外接球的体积是____________ ;过点M的平面截三棱锥
外接球所得截面的面积的取值范围是____________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/271bed6ec1c0206b165dec255f8f0bb2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f5a0a6e5b3f489a7032ea5116c96024.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b115316e0fcd2ef46a4dd383472996e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b115316e0fcd2ef46a4dd383472996e4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b115316e0fcd2ef46a4dd383472996e4.png)
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9 . 已知三棱锥
的所有顶点都在球
的球面上,
,
为球
的直径,且
,则三棱锥
体积的最大值为___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41e5db1d2fd912f77923e4c120a7dc19.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f28aec69f53cc8602b0e399ed0759175.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c2bc5e50b8dfa02601c70822252854a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/32f7e633fb547fd821e5a3cbf1bd1f48.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41e5db1d2fd912f77923e4c120a7dc19.png)
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10 . 在平面五边形
中,
,
,
,
,且
.将五边形
沿对角线
折起,使平面
与平面
所成的二面角为
,则沿对角线
折起后所得几何体的外接球的体积为_________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9142a8490de14a87eda628ffa7e28982.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5b8b98b2f83279a49e94d9f48c5e6f2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9c14f5c9eafaeff843e4aa4c18ecce1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4bd6a2b112facda441f4e34bf5c145fa.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b8e41916523511064a97de39b0f2b323.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f6c2faabb08a3712336f812b0c69db4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9142a8490de14a87eda628ffa7e28982.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/85c4bdfb0db1e31e8459df1d15f9ab55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c09afc70f448545336304333d5b5658b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2fa7bbd7831e9ff4f8cffc8889d34f05.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a6c0927afc571a7c966c98192040979e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/85c4bdfb0db1e31e8459df1d15f9ab55.png)
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